Index

• Abbuhl, Forest E., 750n, 754, 761n, 766n, 775n, 802n
• Acheson, Dean, 125
• Achilles, Theodore C., 5, 93, 171n, 259, 629n, 637, 641n, 680n, 754, 852
• Adenauer, Konrad, 478
• Africa, 559, 628
• Agency for International Development (AID):
  • Alliance for Progress, 73, 74, 86, 89, 95, 97–98, 163, 394, 458–459
  • Argentina, 394
  • Brazil, 455–456, 458–459, 507–512
  • British Guiana, 540–541, 583, 595–596, 604
  • Dominican Republic, 695, 706–708, 710, 729–730, 734
  • Haiti, 768, 776, 777
  • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 144
  • South American Assessment Team, 207–209, 218, 220–221
• Aguiere, Francisco, 701
• Air Force, U.S., 209n, 441n, 514n, 758n, 880n
• Alemann, Roberto T., 356–357, 398, 403, 406, 420–422
• Alende, Oscar, 413n
• Alessandri, Rodriguez, 275, 276
• Alexander, Robert, 1, 749
• Allen, Ward P., 230n, 232n, 314n, 316n, 321n, 330n, 338n, 339n, 342n, 353n, 503n, 779n, 890n
• Alliance for Progress, 25, 88, 890
  • Achievements during first year, 116–117
  • Agency for International Development (see under Agency for International Development)
  • Argentina, 362n, 373–375, 418, 434
  • Brazil, 434, 467, 477, 497, 502
  • British Guiana, 569, 604
  • Commerce Committee for, 138–142
  • Dillon’s appraisal, 61–63
  • Dominican Republic, 706, 710–712, 723–724, 728
  • Educational improvements, 84–85
  • Alliance for Progress—Continued
  • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 163–164, 178, 314–315
  • Goodwin’s appraisal, 64–65, 146–148
  • Historical genesis of, 98–100
  • Ideological/political nature of, 100–103
  • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 8, 24, 26–28, 42, 62, 110–111, 113–115, 153–163, 168–169
  • Interdepartmental Committee of Under Secretaries on Foreign Economic Policy, 70–74, 137–142
  • Investment problems, U.S., 164–167
  • Kennedy’s public speeches, 1–2, 4–5, 9–10
  • Mann’s appraisal, 66–70
  • Montevideo Conference, 27–28, 44–61
  • OAS-Kennedy meeting, 120–121
  • Panama, 819, 850
  • Political stability in Latin America, 79–93
  • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 135–137, 144
  • Schlesinger’s appraisal, 107–110
  • Stevenson trip to Latin America, 26–27, 30–32
  • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, U.S., 1–8, 23–25, 38–43, 749
  • Ten-year plan for the Americas, 19–23
  • U.S. military relations, 90–91
  • White House meeting, 94–97
  • Working group on problems of, 75–78
• Alsogaray, Alvaro, 395–399, 405
• Alvarez, Tabare, 715
• Alvarez Sanchez, Braulio, 682
• American and Foreign Power Company (AMFORP), 166
• Amiama Tio, Luis, 689, 692, 714, 716, 728
• Angel, Xuleta, 253
• Aramburu, Carlos Alconada, 414
• Aramburu, Pedro Eugenio, 367n, 402–403
• Arango, A. Guillermo, 814, 828–830, 831, 842–844, 845
• Archer, Renato, 285
• Arciniegas, German, 11
• Argentina (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 14, 31, 48, 49, 57, 108, 378
  • Brazil, relations with, 381, 382, 451–452
  • Guido government (post coup d’etat):
    • Acceptance outline from U.S., 389–394
    • Dungan’s appraisal, 382–383
    • Hilsman’s appraisal, 383–384
    • McClintock’s appraisal, 385–388
    • Military threats to, 399–400, 409, 411–412
    • U.S. position, 369–373, 375–379
    • Venezuelan position, 379–381
  • Montevideo Conference, 51–52
  • Peru, relations with, 382, 865, 875
  • Political situation (see also Guido government (post coup d’etat) subheading above), 79, 80, 87
    • Coup d’etat, 368–369
    • Elections, 363–364, 373–375, 412–413
    • Oil issues, 414–416, 419n
    • Peronists, 400–402
    • Unions, 89–90
    • U.S. position, 362–363, 366–368
  • United States, relations with, 95
    • Alemann trip to U.S., 420–422
    • Alsogaray-Kennedy meeting, 398–399
    • Aramburu-Kennedy meeting, 402–403
    • Frondizi-Kennedy meeting, 361–362
    • Kennedy-Alemann meeting, 356–357
    • Muniz-Kennedy meeting, 406–407
    • NIE 91-62, 404–405
    • Perette-Kennedy meeting, 417–419
  • U.S. economic assistance, 46, 165, 374, 362n, 393
    • Alemann-Kennedy meeting, 356–357
    • Kennedy-Frondizi meeting, 357–360
    • Muniz-Kennedy meeting, 407–410
    • Rusk-Alsogaray meeting, 395–398
  • U.S. military relations, 204
• Arias, Bueso, 331
• Arias, Gilberto, 818
• Arinos de Melo Franco, Afonso, 259–261
• Army, U.S., 209n, 441n, 514n, 758n, 880n
• Arosemena Monroy, Carlos Julio, 298–299
• Atomic energy, 853
• Balaguer, Joaquin (see also Dominican Republic), 620, 625, 692
  • Ball, meeting with, 666–670, 687–689
  • Dearborn, meeting with, 641–642
  • Kennedy, communications with, 683–688
  • Reform measures, 647, 654–655, 658, 659
  • Resignation of, 690, 691, 693
  • Rusk, meeting with, 634–635
  • Trujillo brothers’ return, 677–678
  • U.S. support of, 662, 680
• Ball, George W., 62, 66, 74, 97, 132, 133, 232–233, 263, 265, 270, 278, 299, 305n, 365, 536, 540–541, 694n, 742n, 780, 815n, 821n, 831
  • British Guiana, 519, 554
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 303, 306, 324–325, 330–331, 346–347
  • Dominican Republic, 638, 666–670, 673, 687–689, 740–741, 747–748
  • Panama, 817–820, 822–824, 836, 837, 839–842
  • Peru, 858, 864–867, 890–892
• Ball, Jack, 518
• Barall, Milton, 356n, 439, 456
• Barbosa, Mario, 464
• Barnes, Donald, 395, 402n, 403, 664, 701n
• Barnes, Tracy, 181
• Barnes, William, 262n
• Battle, Lucius D., 177n, 214, 221, 379–381, 517–518
• Belaúnde Terry, Fernando (see also Peru), 861–864, 886–887, 889
• Belcher, Taylor G., 277n, 286n, 353n, 857n, 858n, 859n, 868n, 869n, 879, 890n
• Belize, 136
• Bell, David E., 133, 239n, 604, 740n, 746
• Bell, John O., 97, 176
• Bellini, Herrera, 682
• Beltran Espantoso, Pedro, 49, 60, 852–854
• Benton, Bill, 636
• Berckemeyer, Fernando, 852, 854, 882–886, 890
• Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 1, 5, 23–25, 38–43, 126–127, 171n, 254, 255n, 629n, 749, 751n, 752–754
• Bernardes, Carlos Alfredo, 285, 335–337, 439, 498
• Berrill, Kenneth, 597
• Betancourt, Romulo (see also Venezuela), 60, 130, 149, 255n, 271–274, 352, 373, 379–381, 626, 632, 657, 689–691, 865
• Bissell, Dick, 94, 181
• Black, Eugene R., 466
• Blanco, Eugenio, 414
• Bogota Act of 1960, 2, 5–6, 7, 40, 44, 54, 68–70, 99, 117
• Bolivia, 14, 15, 57, 41, 77, 116, 204, 873
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 246, 247, 300, 307, 328
  • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 317, 328
  • Montevideo Conference, 59–60
  • Political situation, 81, 127
• Bond, Niles Woodbridge, 437–438, 445–446, 448–450
• Bonelly, Rafael, 688, 692, 693, 695, 713–717
• Bonilla Atiles, Jose A., 699–702
• Boonstra, Clarence A., 202, 424n
• Bosch, Juan (see also Dominican Republic), 130, 131, 657, 715, 716, 727, 739, 797–798
  • CIA’s appraisal, 732–733
  • Economic/social policy, 729–730
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 723–725
  • U.S. trip, 721–722
• Bossio Colla, Gen. Juan, 868, 869, 871
• Bowden, Lewis W., 286n
• Bowdler, William G., 171n, 194n, 232n, 255n, 262n, 263n, 267n, 268n, 292, 321n, 323n, 330n, 350–351, 352n, 353n
• Bowles, Chester B., 177n, 271, 274, 629n, 683n, 689, 691, 752n, 761n
  • Argentina, 357–359
  • Caribbean-Cuban relations, 171–173, 232–233
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 254, 255
  • Dominican Republic, 635–642
  • Latin American-U.S. military relations:
    • Central America, military assistance to, 190–191
    • Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, 187–190
    • Informal strengthening of defense forces, 194–197
    • Training programs for foreign military personnel, 192–193
  • Latin American-U.S. relations, 44–45, 70–72
• Bracken, Katherine W., 228n, 267n, 269n, 277n, 286n, 811n, 814, 817n, 818, 831
• Braddock, Danile M., 259, 641n, 754
• Bramble, Harlan, 711
• Brazil (see also under Cuban question in Latin America), 31, 32, 48, 49, 57
  • Agency for International Development, 455–456, 458–459, 507–512
  • Argentina, relations with, 381, 382, 451–452
  • Coffee production, 466
  • Foreign policy, 503–505
  • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 160–161
  • Montevideo Conference, 51–52
  • Operation Pan America, 7
  • Peru, relations with, 865
  • Political situation, 81, 90, 126–127, 327, 361
    • Communism, 438, 443, 447n, 449, 451–453, 469, 475, 501–503, 510–511
    • Dillon-Quadros meeting, 431–432
    • Foreign policy, 447–448
    • Inter-Departmental Survey Team, 474–476
    • Labor organizations, 461–463
    • Quadros resignation, 444
    • Riots, 566–567
    • Rusk-Dantas meeting, 334–336, 498–499
    • SNIE 93-2–61, 453–454
    • Stabilization and development efforts, 494–498
    • William’s appraisal, 450–452
  • United States, relations with:
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 437–438
    • Dantas-Kennedy meeting, 500–503
    • Dillon-Quadros meeting, 430–432
    • Furtado-Kennedy meeting, 439–441
    • Gordon-Goulart meeting, 448–450
    • Goulart-Kennedy meeting, 460–463
    • Image of U.S., 505–507
    • Inter-American system, 471–472
    • Inter-Departmental Survey Team, 472–473, 476–478
    • King-Campos meeting, 486–488
    • Mariani-Kennedy meeting, 435–436
    • McCone’s appraisal, 468–469
    • National Intelligence Estimate 93-61, 441–444
    • National Security Council, 481–485
    • OAS-Kennedy meeting, 119–124
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 423–424
    • U.S. position, 424–425, 479–480, 488–490
    • U.S. economic assistance:
    • Berle-Quadros meeting, 426–427
    • Bond’s appraisal, 445–446
    • Dillon-Quadros meeting, 429–430
    • Export-Import Bank/Agency for International Development, 458–459
    • Gordon-Goulart meeting, 449–450
    • Gordon’s appraisal, 494–498
    • Goulart-Kennedy meeting, 464–467
    • Inter-Departmental Survey Team, 476
    • International Telephone & Telegraph, expropriation of, 456–457
    • Mining contracts, 166
    • Moreira Salles-Kennedy meeting, 427–428
    • Operations Coordinating Board, 424
    • Pharmaceutical companies, 167
    • SNIE 93-63, 490–493
    • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, U.S., 40
    • U.S. position, 425–426, 446–447
  • U.S. military relations, 204, 224, 477
  • Utility companies, 166
• Bream, Charles G., 534n
• Breisky, A. E., 381
• Briggs, Ellis O., 30
• British Guiana:
  • Agency for International Development, 540–541, 583, 595–596, 604
  • Political situation, 513
    • Civil disorder, 561
    • Communism, 513, 518, 529, 565, 575, 608
    • Consulate General’s appraisal, American, 588–591
    • Elections, 519–523
    • People’s National Congress, 515–516, 565–566, 568, 590–592
    • People’s Progressive Party, 514, 515–516, 565–566, 568, 588–590, 594
    • Racial issues, 564–565, 568
    • SNIE 87.2-61, 514–517
  • U.K.-U.S. relations:
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 544–545
    • Fraser-U.S. officials meeting, 558–564
    • Gore-Kennedy meeting, 579
    • Home-Rusk communications, 546–548
    • Hood-Bundy meeting, 580
    • Kennedy-Fraser meeting, 554
    • Kennedy-Macmillan communications, 569–571, 573–574, 581
    • Macmillan-Kennedy meeting, 607–609
    • Rusk-Bruce communications, 526–528, 530, 605–606
    • Rusk-Home meeting, 553
    • Schlesinger’s appraisal, 549–551
    • White House meeting, 604
  • United Nations, 552–553
  • United States, relations with, 523–524, 531, 563
    • Bundy’s appraisal, 577
    • Consulate General’s appraisal, American, 584–594, 610–611
    • Deterioration of relations, 612–613
    • Hilsman’s appraisal, 534–536
    • Jagan-Kennedy communications, 595–603
    • Kennedy-Jagan meeting, 533–534, 536–538
    • National Security Council, 517–518
    • NSAM No. 135, 551–552
    • Rusk’s appraisal, 575–577
    • Schlesinger’s appraisal, 572–573, 578
    • SNIE 87.2-62, 564–569
    • Stevenson’s appraisal, 545–546
    • U.S. position, 524–525, 528–529, 532–534, 542–544, 548, 555–558
  • U.S. economic assistance, 538–540, 542, 562, 582–583, 595–601
• British Honduras, 131
• Brizzola, Leonel, 123, 451, 456–457, 474
• Brown, George, 606
• Brubeck, William H., 143, 217, 305n, 312n, 389n, 402n, 472n, 481n, 546n, 553n, 555n, 571, 578n, 595n, 764, 773n, 775n, 844n
  • Argentina, 411–412
  • Brazil, 479–480
  • Haiti, 766–767
• Bruce, David, 518, 519, 523, 526–528, 530–532, 605–606, 607
• Bundy, McGeorge, 10n, 100n, 143, 171, 214, 221, 237, 247, 305n, 312n, 359n, 389n, 393n, 402n, 414n, 507n, 573n, 595n, 604, 607, 625, 665n, 746, 756n, 766n, 773n, 775n, 780, 788n, 815n, 844n
  • British Guiana, 577, 580, 581
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 308
  • Dominican Republic, 625, 629
  • Haiti, 793
  • Soviet Union, 348–349
• Bundy, William, 100n
• Bunker, Ellsworth, 673
• Burdett, William C., 519n, 526n, 530n, 532, 533n, 538, 540, 552n, 558, 569n, 579n, 580, 582, 604
• Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 642
• Burnham, Forbes, 515, 537, 549, 550, 560, 565, 566, 572, 573, 607–609
• Burrows, Charles R., 178, 331, 810
• Burton, Ralph J., 500n, 503–505
• Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 192n
• Cabot, John M., 426–427, 429, 432
• Cabral, Donald R., 710
• Cabral Bermudez, Jose Maria, 692
• Caccia, Harold, 607
• Caceres Troncoso, Ramon, 711, 715
• Caicedo Castilla, 269n, 270n, 274, 277, 280, 281–282, 691
• Califano, Joseph A., Jr., 239
• Camilion, Oscar, 266, 292–294, 359
• Caminero, Fernandez, 715
• Campbell, Jock, 597, 601, 610
• Campos, Roberto de Oliveira, 334, 456, 457, 464, 468, 471, 486–488, 498, 502–503
• Canada, 246, 563, 865
• Cantave, Leon, 803
• Carcano, Miguel Angel, 266n, 279, 294, 301, 359
• Caribbean countries (see also individual countries; Latin America):
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 171–173, 232–233, 323–324, 328, 331
  • U.S. military relations, 181, 183–184, 185–187, 209–213
• Carril, Bonifacio del, 292, 356
• Carrillo Flores, Antonio, 312, 318
• Carter, Albert E., 400n, 468n
• Carvalho Silos, Geraldo de, 259
• Casasnovas, 742, 743
• Cassini, Igor, 625–628
• Castillo, Ramon, 657n
• Castro, Francisco, 395
• Castro Ruz, Fidel (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 131, 184, 234–235, 449, 469, 610, 728
• Cates, John M., 298n, 305n, 338n
• Central America (see also individual countries; Latin America):
  • Communism, 331–334
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 228–229, 301, 328, 341, 850
  • Kennedy-Costa Rican officials, meeting between, 129–131
  • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 135–137, 143–145
  • U.S. military relations, 179, 187–191
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 22, 209n, 441n, 468, 514n, 758n, 802n, 880n
  • British Guiana, 550, 561, 577
  • Dominican Republic, 638, 732–734
  • Haiti, 755, 766–769, 788–790, 792
  • Training Latin American security officers, 192–193
• Chase, Gordon, 350–351
• Chayes, Abram, 232n, 323n, 733
• Chenery, Hollis B., 75, 91, 97
• Chiari, Ricardo, 814–815
• Chiari, Roberto F. (see also Panama), 136, 810–812, 817–820, 827–828, 831–842, 844–846
• Chile, 14, 31, 48, 49, 51, 52, 57, 116, 117, 204, 317, 382 [Page 899]
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 246, 247, 264–265, 294–295, 300, 301, 304, 307, 329
  • Peru, relations with, 865, 875
  • Political situation, 81, 127
  • U.S. economic assistance, 88, 166–167
• China, People’s Republic of, 2, 3, 334–335, 361–362, 856
• Cleveland, Harlan, 26, 447n, 552–553, 573n
• Clifton, Gen. C. V., 170, 780
• Coerr, Wymberly, 5, 91, 171n, 177, 254n, 255n, 263, 265n, 356n, 433–434, 435, 629n, 637, 640, 642, 660n, 661n, 664, 674n, 678n, 680n, 752n, 754, 852
• Coffin, Frank M., 94, 97
• Collado, Emilio, 138
• Collins, Lansing, 129, 337n, 339n, 340, 344n, 353n, 772, 773n, 845, 846, 849n
• Collopy, Walter, 298n
• Colm, Gerhard, 28
• Colombia (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 31, 81, 117, 204, 381, 848, 865, 890
  • U.S. economic assistance, 41, 167
• Commerce Department, U.S., 73
• Committee for International Development (CID), 155, 157, 158
• Communism (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 1, 30, 33, 41, 82, 130, 178, 210, 302
  • Brazil, 334–336, 438, 443, 445, 447n, 449, 451–453, 469, 475, 501–503, 510–511
  • British Guiana, 513, 518, 529, 565, 575, 608
  • Caribbean countries, 171–173, 323
  • Central America, 331–334
  • Dominican Republic, 622, 646, 647, 655, 695–698, 702, 721, 732–733
  • Frondizi-Kennedy communications, 288–290
  • Haiti, 755, 767
  • Peru, 866, 871, 891
  • Schlesinger’s appraisal, 13–14
  • South American Assessment Team, 204, 205
• Congo (French), 628
• Congress, U.S.:
  • Acts:
    • American Republics Cooperation Act, 7
    • Bogota Act of 1960, 2, 5–6, 7, 40, 99
    • Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, 187–190
    • Foreign Assistance Act of 1963, 421n
    • Mutual Security Act of 1954, 176–177
  • Dominican Republic, 640, 710–711, 713, 714
  • Panama, 848
• Connett, William B., Jr., 479
• Conrads, Robert A., 48
• Cooley, Harold, 710
• Coombs, Philip, 38, 91, 96
• Coppock, Joseph D., 74
• Costanzo, Henry J., 395, 479
• Costa Rica, 136, 179
  • Peru, relations with, 865, 875
  • Political situation, 79, 80, 82
  • United States, relations with, 129–131
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 179, 187–190
• Cottam, Howard R., 91
• Cottrell, Sterling J., 144, 162n, 238, 239n, 337n, 339n, 343–344, 417n, 740n, 742n, 744n, 779n, 802n, 804n
• Council of the Organization of American States (COAS). See Organization of American States.
• Courtenaye, Richard H., 534n
• Cox, Robert, 49
• Crane, Ray H., 500n
• Crimmins, John H., 262n, 265n, 267n, 268n, 277n, 661n, 664, 674n, 678n, 680n, 694n, 703n, 729n, 766n, 773n
• Crockett, Kennedy M., 353n, 779n, 804n
• Cuban question in Latin America (see also Communism):
  • Argentina, 282–284, 287, 288–290
    • Argentine position, 264–269, 292–294
    • Brazilian-Argentinean relations, 451–452
    • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 314, 315, 317, 329
    • Kennedy-Frondizi meeting, 278–279, 361
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 294, 304, 307
  • Brazil, 246, 247, 264, 280–281, 285–286, 328, 427, 447n, 469
    • Brazilian position, 291–292
    • Communism, 334–336
    • Neutralism, 433–438, 443
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 296, 300, 304
    • Rusk-Dantas meeting, 309–311, 470
    • United Nations, 259–261
    • U.S.-Brazilian relations, 435–436
  • British Guiana, 520, 533–534, 544–545, 563
  • Caribbean countries, 171–173, 232–233, 323–324, 328, 331
  • Central America, 228–229, 301, 328, 341, 850
  • Colombia:
    • Colombian position, 251–259, 263–266, 269–270, 277–278, 281–282
    • Kennedy-Lleras Camargo communications, 305–306
    • Lleras Camargo-Kennedy meeting, 274–277
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 299–300, 304
    • Turbay-Kennedy meeting, 258–259
  • Declaration of Central America, 341
  • Dominican Republic, 629–633, 651, 658
  • Ecuador, 307
  • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics:
    • Punta del Este Conference, 294–309
    • San Jose Conference, 344–346
    • Washington Conference, 314–317, 321–331
  • Guatemala, 286, 300
  • Haiti, 295, 297, 750, 755
  • Honduras, 331–334
  • Mexico:
    • Kennedy-Lopez Mateos meeting, 312–314
    • Lleras Camargo-Kennedy meeting, 276
    • Mexican position, 295, 318–321, 346–347
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 300, 307
    • U.S. position, 246, 247
  • Missile crisis, 110
  • Montevideo Conference, 52–54, 58, 59–61
  • Organization of American States, 245, 261, 265,
    • Brazilian concerns/positions, 271–274, 291–292
    • Colombian concerns/positions, 254, 256, 257, 263–266
    • Cottrell’s appraisal, 343–344
    • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 294–309, 314–317, 321–331
    • Kennedy-Betancourt meeting, 271–274
    • Peruvian concerns/positions, 262–263
    • Venezuelan concerns/positions, 352–354
  • Peru, 88, 262–264, 286, 326–327, 852–853, 855, 885, 889
  • Political situation, 81, 82
  • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 294–309
  • Soviet Union, 234–235, 320
  • Task Force of National Security Council, 181, 629–633
  • United Nations, 258–261
  • Uruguay, 246, 247, 265, 295, 297
  • U.S. concerns, 186, 251
    • British Guiana, 517, 518
    • Central American fears, 228–229
    • Dantas-Rusk meeting, 334–336, 498–499
    • Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, 187–190
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff, 183–184
    • Montevideo Conference, 55–56
    • Morales-Kennedy meeting, 331–334
    • SNIE 80-62, 210–212
    • Subversives and subversive trainees, movement of, 242–247
    • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, U.S., 1–8, 23–25, 38–43, 749
    • U.S. position, 33–37, 250, 262–263, 277–278, 280–281, 286–288, 337–342, 355
    • White House meeting, 238–239
  • Venezuela, 254, 271–274, 326, 328, 334, 352–354
• Curtis, Edward G., 859n
• Cutler, Walter L., 62, 371n
• Czechoslovakia, 335
• D’Aguiar, Peter, 537, 560, 561, 573, 590, 602, 607–609
• Dantas, Francisco Clementino San Tiago (see also Brazil), 281, 285–286, 300, 381, 464, 467–468, 491, 493
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 500–503
  • Rusk, meeting with, 309–311, 334–336, 470, 498–499
• Davila, Celeo, 331
• Dearborn, Henry V., 274, 614–615, 619–623, 629n, 641–642, 691
• Decker, Gen. George H., 197
• Defense, U.S. Department of, 209n
• De Gaulle, Charles, 121, 478
• Del Rosario, 742, 796
• Denbow, Claude, 602
• DeSeabra, A. J., 334, 498
• Development Loan Fund (DLF), 596, 856
• Dillon, C. Douglas, 46–47, 48, 98, 110, 119, 435, 780
  • Brazil, 429–432, 458–459, 461, 465, 466
  • Latin American-U.S. relations:
    • Alliance for Progress, 61–63, 65
    • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 110
    • Montevideo Conference, 48–61
    • National Security Council, 132–133
• Dirkson, Everett, 640
• Diza, Mario, 730
• Dodd, Tom, 519, 524
• Dominican Republic, 126, 131, 297
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 629–633, 651, 658
  • Haiti, relations with, 700, 782, 784–785, 794–798
  • Peru, relations with, 865, 875
  • Political situation, 698, 722
    • Betancourt-Kennedy meeting, 689–691
    • CIA’s appraisal, 732–734
    • Communism, 622, 646, 647, 655, 695–698, 702, 721, 732–733
    • Dearborn’s appraisal, 614–615
    • Economic issues, 616–617
    • Elections, 700–702, 714–717
    • Government overthrown, 739, 742–748
    • Hill’s appraisal, 696–697
    • Lleras-Kennedy meeting, 691–692
    • Military civilian junta, 693–695
    • Opposition to Trujillo, 617–618, 621–622, 671–672
    • Political parties, 649, 656–659, 669, 696, 700, 703, 706, 715–719, 727, 729–731, 742
    • Rusk’s appraisal, 616–618, 661–663
    • SNIE 82.2-6, 156–659
    • Trujillo assassinated, 758, 760
    • Trujillo family properties, 668–669, 724–725, 731
    • Union Civica Nacional (UCN), 648, 656–658, 669, 689, 696, 700
  • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 695
  • United States, relations with:
    • Balaguer-Dearborn meeting, 641–642
    • Balaguer-Kennedy communications, 683–688
    • Ball-Balaguer meeting, 666–670, 687–689
    • Bonilla Atiles-Kennedy meeting, 701–702
    • Bosch-Kennedy meeting, 723–725
    • Bosch trip to U.S., 721–722
    • Contingency planning after Trujillo assassination, 636–641
    • Dearborn’s appraisal, 620, 622–623
    • Goodwin’s appraisal, 671–673
    • Hill’s appraisal, 696–698
    • Hilsman’s appraisal, 665–666
    • Martin’s (John) appraisal, 719–720, 726–729, 733–738
    • Murphy’s appraisal, 625–628
    • NSAM No. 153, 704–709
    • Rusk-Balaguer meeting, 634–635
    • Rusk-Bonilla Atiles meeting, 699–700
    • Rusk’s appraisal, 662–663
    • Sugar sales, 619, 710–714
    • Trujillo brothers’ return, 676–681
    • U.S. position, 654–655, 660, 674–675, 703, 729–731
    • White House meeting, 642–644
    • Woodward-Kennedy meeting, 614–616
  • U.S. economic assistance, 660, 662, 697, 702, 722, 724
  • U.S. military relations, 681–682, 695, 725, 734
  • U.S. position, 623–624, 647–654, 740–741
  • Venezuela, relations with, 644, 663, 689–691
  • White House meeting, 664
• Donahue, Ruth, 137n
• Donato del Carril, Emilio, 359
• Downing, H. L., 202
• Draper, Gen. William H., Jr., 109, 472n, 478
• Duke, Angier B., 129, 723, 796
• Dulles, Allen, 10n, 638, 639, 642
• Dungan, Ralph A., 94, 97, 117, 129, 143, 237, 238, 239n, 247, 331, 337n, 389n, 393n, 398, 403, 406, 468, 558, 563, 582n, 604, 704, 723, 729n, 746, 773n, 779n, 780, 821n, 846, 849n, 869n, 879
  • Argentina, 382–383
  • Dominican Republic, 721–722
  • Haiti, 800–802
  • Panama, 845
  • Peru, 887
• Duvalier, Francois (see also Haiti), 126, 179, 771
  • CIA’s appraisal, 767–769
  • Goodwin’s appraisal, 764–766
  • Inauguration of, 752–756
  • Oppressive methods, 750–751
  • SNIE 86.1-61, 758–760
  • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, 749
• Echandi Jimenez, Mario, 196
• Ecuador, 51, 57, 95, 116, 204, 307, 317, 885
• Political situation, 127, 874–875
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 1, 98
• El Salvador, 90
  • Alliance for Progress, 57, 69, 73, 135–136
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 179, 187–190
• Elting, Howard, 91
• Enemark, Gen. W. A., 214n, 239n, 779n
• Erhard, Ludwig, 478
• European Common Market, 31, 121, 125, 382, 465, 466, 495
• Ewell, Col. Julian J., 373, 766n, 824n
• Export-Import Bank, 32, 40, 62, 73, 394, 446n, 458–459, 473, 596
• Fabrega, Octavio, 834, 836, 837, 840n
• Facio, Gonzalo, 129
• Falcón Briceno, Marcos, 271, 272, 299, 689, 872–875
• Farland, Joseph S., 811n, 816, 818, 831, 840n, 841, 844–846, 849n
• FellmanVelarde, Jose, 300
• Fernandez, Vargas, 299
• Ferris, N. L., 203
• Fiallo, Viriato, 657, 715–717
• Fisher, John W., 337n, 339n, 779n, 842
• FitzGerald, Dennis A., 179
• Fleming, Robert J., Jr., 840n
• Foreign Ministers of the American Republics:
  • Alliance for Progress, 163–164, 178
  • Punta del Este Conference, 294–309
  • San Jose Conference, 344–346
  • Washington Conference, 314–317, 321–331
• Foster, Rockwood H., 513, 533n, 540
• Fowler, Henry, 73, 100n
• France, 121, 478, 789, 865
• Franco, Francisco, 365n
• Fraser, Hugh, 518, 548, 550, 552–554, 558–564
• Freeman, Fulton, 276
• Freites Barrera, Andres, 715, 794–795
• French Guiana, 533
• Frigerio, Rogelio, 367
• Frondizi, Arturo (see also Argentina), 14, 81, 259n, 272, 276, 365, 374, 414, 434, 451
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 288–290
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 278–279, 357–362
  • Military takeover, 364, 370, 702n
• Fulbright, J. William, 605, 640
• Furnas, Howard E., 573n
• Furtado, Celso, 439–441, 455, 491, 492
• Galbraith, John Kenneth, 468
• Gates, John, 49
• Gaud, William, 97
• Gendreau, Charles A., 402n
• German Otero, Andres, 271, 689
• Germany, 121, 478, 865
• Gilpatric, Roswell L., 192, 780, 812–813
• Goodwin, Richard N., 6, 9, 38, 61, 91, 94, 107n, 171n, 194n, 265, 274, 276, 280n, 292, 356n, 357, 362n, 429–432, 439, 464, 468, 517n, 536, 629n, 642, 646n, 654n, 660n, 664, 683n, 689, 691, 694n, 749, 766n, 810, 816, 858n, 859n, 863
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 282–284, 286
  • Dominican Republic, 635–641, 671–673
  • Haiti, 754–756, 764–766
  • Latin American-U.S. military relations, 181, 185–187
  • Latin American-U.S. relations:
    • Alliance for Progress, 1, 4, 64–65, 98–100, 146–148
    • Montevideo Conference, 27–28
• Gordon, H., 162
• Gordon, A. Lincoln, 280n, 284, 334, 381, 464, 471, 481n, 498, 500n, 507n, 749
  • Alliance for Progress, 1, 6–8, 28, 31, 40, 109
  • Brazil, 448–450, 480, 494–498
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 285–286, 310–311, 335, 337
• Gore, David Ormsby, 579, 607
• Goulart, Joao (see also Brazil), 120n, 123, 127, 160–161, 260, 444–445, 473–476
  • Agency for International Development, 508–512
  • Bond, meeting with, 448–450
  • Economic issues, 490–493, 496–497
  • Future prospects, 453–454, 473–476
  • Image of U.S., 505–506
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 460–467
  • Kennedy-Dantas meeting, 500–502
  • National Security Council, 481–485
• Grace, Peter, 138, 142
• Greece, 478
• Greenhill, Denis A., 558
• Grey, Sir Ralph, 116, 126, 513, 518, 530, 593
• Guatemala, 131, 328, 852
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 286, 300
  • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 136
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 179, 187–190
• Guevara de la Serna, Ernesto (Che), 49–53, 60, 61, 92, 375–379, 427
• Guiana. See British Guiana.
• Guido, Jose Maria (see also Argentina), 369–373, 375–379, 399–400, 407, 409, 411–412, 702n
• Guinea, 628
• Gutierrez, 274, 691
• Guyana. See British Guiana.
• Habib, Philip C., 534n
• Haedo, 57–58
• Hailsham, Lord, 607
• Haiti, 57, 126, 783n
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 295, 297, 750, 755
  • Dominican Republic, relations with, 700, 782, 784–785, 794–798
  • Duvalier’s removal from power:
    • CIA’s appraisal, 788–790
    • Dominican Republic’s invasion plans, 797–798
    • Exiles’ invasion, 802–804
    • Martin’s appraisal, 770–773
    • National Security Council, 780–781
    • Rusk’s appraisal, 779–780
    • Thurston’s appraisal, 781–783
    • U.S.-Dominican Republic relations, 794–796
    • U.S. position, 773–778, 785–787, 798–800, 804
    • White House meeting, 800–802
  • Political situation:
    • Inauguration of Duvalier, 752–754
    • Internal unrest, 750–751
    • SNIE 86.1-61, 758–760
  • United States, relations with:
    • Ambassador recalled, 792–793
    • CIA’s appraisal, 766–769
    • Deteriorating relations, 750–751
    • Exiles, meeting with, 749–750, 751, 753–754, 770
    • Goodwin’s appraisal, 764–766
    • Inter-American Affairs appraisal, 761–763
    • Martin appraisal, 790–791
    • Rusk appraisal, 757–758
    • U.S. position, 752–754, 804–806
    • White House meeting, 754–756
  • U.S. economic assistance, 759–760, 762, 768, 774, 792
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 762–763, 768, 777
  • Venezuela, relations with, 794
• Hamilton, Fowler, 66, 96, 97, 98, 223, 373–375, 455–456
• Hansen, Kenneth R., 94, 185–187
• Hardin, H. O., 202
• Harriman, W. Averell, 125, 159, 160, 415–416, 419n, 420–422, 740n
• Hartwick, Tobias, 265n
• Haya de la Torre, Victor Raul, 862, 863
• Heinl, Colonel, 756
• Helms, Richard, 100n, 468n, 581, 604, 746, 766n
• Hemba, Alton W., 262n, 269n, 277n, 446n
• Hennings, John, 538, 540
• Herrera, Felipe, 28, 730
• Herrera Baez, Porfirio, 625, 641
• Hervas, Anthony J., 872n
• Herz, Martin F., 91
• Hill, John C., 644–645, 654–655, 666, 670, 674n, 675, 676–678, 682, 683n, 690, 692, 696–698
• Hilsman, Roger, Jr., 91, 94, 126, 383–384, 399–400, 534–536, 665–666
• Hirschman, Al, 28
• Hodge, Charles L., 694
• Hoffmann, Harry, 572
• Home, Lord, 518, 521–522, 528–529, 546–548, 552, 553, 606, 607
• Honduras, 85, 136, 865
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 331–334
  • Government overthrown, 739n, 746–748
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 179, 187–190
• Hood, Lord, 580, 607
• Hoover, John, 629n, 752, 754
• Hoyt, Henry A., 266
• Hubbard, Henry J. M., 538, 540
• Hughes, Thomas L., 86, 558, 612
• Humphrey, Hubert, 266n, 640
• Hurwitch, Robert, 238, 350
• Illia, Arturo, 413n, 414–416
• Imbert Barrera, Antonio, 689, 692, 714, 715, 722, 725, 728
• Immigration and Naturalization Service, U.S., 777
• Ingersoll, John J., 255n
• Intelligence Board, U.S., 209n, 758n, 880n
• Inter-American Committee on the Alliance for Progress (CIAP), 160, 163
• Inter-American Conference, 11th (Ecuador), 42
• Inter-American Defense College, 224–225
• Inter-American Development Bank, 1, 6, 8, 32, 62, 63, 74–75, 89, 94–95, 175, 374
• Inter-American Economic and Social Council (IA-ECOSOC):
  • Alliance for Progress, 8, 24, 26–28, 42, 62, 110–111, 153–163, 168–169
  • Brazil, 160–161
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 254–256
  • Mexico City meeting, 105–107, 110–115
  • Montevideo Conference, 44–61
  • Sao Paulo meeting, 153–163, 168–169
• Inter-American Fund for Social Progress, 7–8
• Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance. See Rio Treaty of 1947.
• Interdepartmental Committee of Under Secretaries on Foreign Economic Policy, 70–74, 137–142
• Internal Security Assessment and Programming Team, 188–189
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 465, 466, 473, 596, 768
• International Cooperation Administration (ICA), 6, 47, 177, 179, 856
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 14, 15, 40, 108, 458, 473, 492, 495, 731
• International Petroleum Company, 886–887
• International Telephone & Telegraph (IT&T), 456–457
• Jagan, Cheddi (see also British Guiana), 513, 560, 568–569, 575
  • British position, 549, 550–551, 585
  • Deterioration of U.S.-British Guiana relations, 612–613
  • East Indian fears, 572–573
  • Economic issues, 535–536, 538–540, 592–593
  • Elections, 516–520, 522–523
  • Future prospects, 584–585, 593
  • Kennedy, letter to, 595–603
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 533–534, 536–538
  • Socialism, 610–611
  • U.K.-U.S. relations, 530
  • U.S. position on, 555–558, 575–576, 577, 584–585
• Jagan, Janet, 514, 563, 586, 605
• Jamaica, 131, 315
• Jamison, Edward A., 171n, 254n, 255n, 262n, 263n, 265n, 268n, 277, 280n, 291n, 292, 654n, 664, 680n
• Japan, 121, 361, 478, 865
• Jardim, Ann, 591
• Jimenez Grullon, Juan Isidro, 715
• Johnson, Carl, 100n
• Johnson, Charles, 237, 286n, 821n
• Johnson, Douglas V., 478
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 352, 639, 640, 642, 780
• Johnson, U. Alexis, 221n, 247n, 291n, 355, 505n, 519, 526, 530n, 558, 573n, 579n, 581, 604, 752n, 780, 800
  • British Guiana, 523, 532–533, 562
  • Dominican Republic, 637, 639–642, 644
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 209n, 441n, 514n, 758n, 800, 826, 880n
  • Caribbean countries, 183–184
  • Latin American security, 170, 197–202, 216–217
• Jones, J. Wesley, 879–880, 887
• Jose De Seabra, A., 117
• Juliao, Francisco, 336
• Julio Ornes, Horacio, 720
• Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 144
• Kaysen, Carl, 107n, 298n, 373, 395n, 604, 780, 824n, 828–831, 876
• Kefauver, Estes, 167
• Kennedy, Edward M., 440
• Kennedy, John F., 27, 66, 98, 320, 742n, 780
  • Argentina:
    • Alemann, meeting with, 356–357
    • Alsogaray, meeting with, 398–399
    • Aramburu, meeting with, 402–403
    • Frondizi, meeting with, 278–279, 357–362
    • Guido government (post coup d’etat), 379n, 382–383
    • Muniz, meeting with, 406–410
    • Oil issues, 415–416
    • Perette, meeting with, 417–419
  • Assassination of, 352n, 419n
  • Brazil: 444, 472, 486
    • Dantas, meeting with, 500–503
    • Furtado, meeting with, 439–441
    • Goulart, meeting with, 460–467
    • Image of U.S., 506–507
    • Mariani, meeting with, 435–436
    • Moreira Salles, meeting with, 427–428
    • OAS, meeting with, 119–124
  • British Guiana, 519, 526, 554, 579, 581, 604
    • NSAM No. 135, 551–552
    • Jagan, communications with, 595–603
    • Jagan, meeting with, 533–534, 536–538
    • Macmillan, communications with, 569–571, 573–574, 581
    • Macmillan, meeting with, 607–609
    • U.S. position, 528, 532
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 243, 341, 344n
    • Arosemena, meeting with, 298–299
    • Betancourt, meeting with, 271–274
    • Communism and Central American security, 331–334
    • Frondizi, communications with, 288–290
    • Frondizi, meeting with, 278–279
    • Lleras Camargo, communications with, 305–306
    • Lleras Camargo, meeting with, 274–277
    • Mexican concerns/positions, 346–347
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 297, 304–305
    • Turbay, meeting with, 258–259
  • Dominican Republic, 660
    • Balaguer, communications with, 683–688
    • Betancourt, meeting with, 689–691
    • Bonilla Atiles, meeting with, 701–702
    • Bosch, meeting with, 723–725
    • Government overthrown, 739, 747
    • Lleras, meeting with, 691–692
    • Sugar sales, 619, 714
    • U.S. position, 654–655
    • White House meeting, 642–644, 664, 704
    • Woodward, meeting with, 614–616
  • Haiti:
    • Del Rosario, meeting with, 749, 764, 793, 796
    • Duvalier’s removal from power, 781, 800–802
  • Honduras, 746–747
  • Latin American-U.S. military relations, 180, 206, 214n, 223, 235–237
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 238–239
    • Inter-American Defense College, 224–225
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff, 170, 197–202
    • Mutual Security Act of 1954, 176–177
  • Latin American-U.S. relations, 13, 19
    • Agency for International Development, 97–98
    • Alliance for Progress, 1–2, 4–5, 94–97, 120–121
    • Communism, 312–314
    • Costa Rican officials, meeting with, 129–131
    • Dillon’s appraisal, 61–63
    • Food for Peace (P.L. 480), 425–426
    • Inter-American Affairs, Bureau of, 29–30
    • Military regimes, 149–152
    • Montevideo Conference, 27–28, 48, 50–52, 56–60
    • National Security Council, 132–133
    • OAS, meeting with, 117–125
    • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 135, 137
    • Schlesinger’s appraisal of public speech, 9–10
    • Soviet penetration into Latin America, 348–351
    • Stevenson trip to Latin America, 26–27, 30–32
    • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, U.S., 38–43
  • Panama:
    • Arango, meeting with, 828–830
    • Chiari, communications with, 810, 827–828
    • Chiari, meeting with, 831–838, 844–846
    • Chiari (Ricardo), meeting with, 814–815
    • Economic assistance, 849–851
    • NSAMs, 824–826, 815–816, 838–839
    • U.S. officials, meeting with, 846–849
    • Velarde-Salinger meeting, 821–822
  • Peru, 858, 867n
    • Ambassador to Peru, new U.S., 879–880
    • Prado, meeting with, 854–857
    • Venezuelan initiative, 872–875
• Kennedy, Robert, 182, 481n, 551n, 637, 640, 642, 643, 721n, 780
• Kent, Robert, 249, 849n
• Kenya, 465
• Khrushchev, Nikita S., 25, 130, 295, 320
• King, Col. J. C., 238, 639, 740n, 766n
• King, J. F., 486–488
• Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 190
• Kohler, Foy D., 518
• Kriebel, P. W., 480
• Kruel, Gen. Amaury, 464
• Krulak, Maj. Gen. Victor H., 143, 238, 239n, 337n, 343
• Kubitscheck, Juscelino, 117–125, 158, 441–442
• Kyle, Joseph B., 179n
• Labouisse, Henry R., 62
• Lacerda, Carlos, 505, 506
• Lancaster, Bruce M., 395, 411n, 412n, 417n, 420, 422
• Lane, Samuel O., 262n, 269n
• Latin America (see also Alliance for Progress; Caribbean countries; Central America; Communism; Cuban question in Latin America; individual countries), 378, 783n, 853
  • Agency for International Development, 97–98
  • Agrarian/semi-feudal economic structure, 11–12
  • Bogota Act of 1960, 2, 5–6, 7, 40, 44, 54, 68–70, 99, 117
  • Middle-class, 12–18, 83
  • Political stability, 79–93
  • Soviet penetration into, 348–351
  • Tax system, 16–17
  • Unions, 89–90
  • United States, relations with, 42–43, 128–129
    • Inter-American Affairs, Bureau of, 29–30, 162–167
    • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 105–107, 110–115
    • Kennedy-OAS meeting, 117–125
    • Military regimes, 149–152
    • National Security Council, 132–133
    • Schlesinger trip to Latin America, 10–19
    • Stevenson’s trip to Latin America, 26–27
    • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, 1–8, 23–25, 38–43, 749
    • U.S. position, 33–37, 103–104
  • U.S. economic assistance, 47, 72–74
    • Alliance for Progress, 87–90, 164–167
    • Development, emphasis on, 14–17
    • Food for Peace (P.L. 480), 95, 425–426
    • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 157–158, 160
    • Kennedy-OAS meeting, 121–122
    • Stevenson trip to Latin America, 30–32
    • Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, U.S., 5–6, 8, 24–25
    • U.S. position, 35–36, 37
  • U.S. military relations, 41, 176–177, 180, 182, 214–216, 221–223, 234–237, 314
    • Alliance for Progress, 90–91
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 181, 238–239
    • Foreign and Economic Ministers of Central America and Panama, 178
    • Informal strengthening of defense forces, 194–197
    • Inter-American Defense College, 224–225
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff, 170, 197–202, 216–217
    • Morse, explanations to, 230–232
    • South American Assessment Team, 202–209, 217–221
    • Training programs for foreign military personnel, 192–193, 227–228
    • U.S. position, 173–176, 226–227, 239–242, 247–249
    • Washington Assessment Team for Caribbean countries, 185–187
• Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA), 53
• Lavalle, Juan Bautista de, 892
• Lay, James S., 807n
• Leddy, John M., 5, 38, 40, 62, 64–65, 429, 435
• Legere, Col. Lawrence J., 237, 308–309
• Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 170, 198, 637, 642
• Lemus, Jose Maria, 333
• Leon, Rene, 803
• Levy, Herbert, 466
• Lewis, Samuel W., 177n, 636
• Lincoln, Evelyn, 821n
• Linder, Harold, 62, 94, 95, 271, 429, 466, 689
• Lindley Lopez, Nicolas, 868
• Lingle, Walter L., 97, 375
• Little, Edward S., 412–413, 582, 764, 766
• Lleras Camargo, Alberto (see also Colombia), 117, 118n, 121, 122–123, 125, 158, 255, 256n, 261, 267, 274–277, 280, 304, 305–306, 691–692
• Llosa, Luis Edgardo, 868, 877n, 886
• Lloyd, Jackson, 412
• Loeb, James I., 109, 858, 863n, 868n, 869n
• Lopez Mateos, Adolfo (see also Mexico), 272, 312–314, 320, 346–347, 471n
• Lopez Molina, Maximo, 657, 669, 670, 696
• Low-a-Chee, Clifton C., 538
• Lumumba, Patrice, 852
• MacLeod, Iain N., 519, 523, 527, 530, 549
• Macmillan, Harold, 569–571, 573–574, 581, 604
• Maechling, Charles, Jr., 194n, 239n
• Manfull, Melvin L., 223, 518
• Mann, Thomas C., 5, 66–70, 133, 312, 424n, 636
• Mansfield, Mike, 640
• Margolies, Daniel F., 353n, 411n, 417n
• Mariani, Clemente, 430, 431, 435–436
• Marshall Plan for Latin America. See Alliance for Progress.
• Martin, Edwin M., 62, 105, 116, 117, 124, 145n, 227n, 228n, 232n, 239n, 247n, 312, 314, 316n, 318, 321n, 323n, 330n, 331, 334, 337n, 353n, 365n, 369n, 371n, 395, 398, 402, 406, 411n, 412n, 419n, 424n, 446n, 464, 471, 481n, 498, 500n, 503, 505n, 699, 701, 703n, 723, 740n, 746, 766n, 779n, 780, 787n, 796, 800, 804n, 828, 831, 849n, 858n, 869n, 890, 872
  • Argentina, 366–367, 375–379, 381, 385, 397–398, 410
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 320, 346
  • Haiti, 770–773, 790–791, 797–800
  • Latin American-U.S. relations, 126, 128–129, 132, 133, 149–152, 162–167, 224–225
  • Panama, 842–844, 845
  • Peru, 871, 875, 876–879
• Martin, Graham, 395, 397, 766n
• Martin, John B., 109, 671, 673, 674n, 696n, 704, 710–717, 719–720, 726–729, 733–738, 740n, 742n, 744n, 766n
• Martinez, Rodolfo, 294–295, 301, 402n
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 400n
• Maudling, Reginald, 548–551
• May, Herbert K., 62, 105, 110, 117, 395, 397
• Mayobre, Jose Antonio, 224, 255, 271, 272, 689
• Mazzili, Ranieri, 444
• McBride, Col. Clyde R., 860n
• McClintock, Robert, 361, 363–364, 367, 379n, 382n, 385–388, 402n, 406, 409, 411n, 412n, 416
• McCone, John A., 132–133, 468–469, 470, 551n, 604, 780, 788n, 792
• McDermott, 780
• McGhee, George C., 91, 100n, 137, 142, 447n, 558, 638, 640, 666, 668, 671, 673, 674n, 694n, 704
• McGovern, George, 10n
• McLoughlin, Eduardo, 412n
• McManus, Neil C., 844n
• McNamara, Robert S., 171, 214n, 242, 468, 551n, 637, 638, 642, 739, 780
• Melby, Everett K., 513, 523–524, 525, 584–594, 610–611
• Mendez, Rodriguez, 678
• Mercado, Luis, 641
• Mexico (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 51, 57, 60, 116, 117, 224, 327, 865
  • Argentina, relations with, 382
  • Brazil, relations with, 471–472
  • Foreign capital, 108–109
  • Political situation, 79, 80, 81, 87
• Mikoyan, Anastas, 334
• Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG), 208, 219, 220
• Miolan, Angel, 657n, 727n
• Montague, Ludwell L., 478
• Montevideo Conference (Uruguay), 44–61
• Moor, Carol, 804, 821n
• Mora, 687
• Morales, Cecilio, 357n
• Morales, Villeda, 331–334
• Morales-Carrion, Arturo, 1, 29–30, 94, 100–103, 654n, 664, 683n, 687, 749
• Moreira Salles, Walther, 119, 120, 427–428, 430, 431, 435, 446, 459, 465, 466, 469, 487, 488
• Morris, Bernard S., 534n
• Morrison, DeLesseps S., 62, 63, 265
• Morrison, Robert T., 660n
• Morse, Wayne L., 230–232
• Moscoso, Teodoro, 1, 75, 94, 100n, 109, 125, 144, 271, 274, 331, 456, 464, 467, 481n, 582, 689, 691, 704, 740n, 749, 890
• Moskowitz, Sam, 271n, 689n
• Mountain, Maurice J., 746, 754, 756
• Muccio, John J., 817, 823n
• Muniz, Carlos Manuel, 130, 406–410
• Munoz Marin, 750
• Murphy, Robert D., 625–628, 643, 644, 654, 664
• Murrow, Edward R., 27, 91, 638, 640
• Musich, Arnaldo, 357n
• National Intelligence Estimates:
  • NIE 80/90-61, 50
  • NIE 91-62, 404–405
  • NIE 93-61, 441–444
  • NIE 97-63, 880–881
• National Security Action Memoranda (NSAM):
  • No. 88, 180
  • No. 95, 815–816
  • No. 118, 217, 218, 221–223
  • No. 135, 551–552
  • No. 152, 824–826
  • No. 153, 704–709
  • No. 164, 838–839
  • No. 195, 815–816
  • No. 206, 235–237
  • No. 246, 793
• National Security Council (NSC):
  • Actions:
    • No. 17, 616n
    • No. 44, 171
    • No. 88, 180
    • No. 95, 815–816, 822–824
    • No. 118, 214–216, 221–223
    • No. 135, 551–552
    • No. 152, 824–826, 844n
    • No. 153, 704–709
    • No. 164, 838–839, 844n
    • No. 206, 235–237
    • No. 213, 242
    • No. 246, 793
    • No. 2406, 170–171
    • No. 2422, 171, 251
  • Meetings:
    • 478th, April 22, 1961, 170–171
    • 483rd, May 5, 1961, 171, 251, 629n, 756n
    • 509th, March 13, 1963, 132–133, 780–781
  • NSC 6102, 807–809
• Naughten, Thomas E., 478
• Navy, U.S., 441n, 514n, 758n, 880n
• Neal, Jack D., 887
• Neves, Tancredo, 444
• Newbegin, Robert, 750, 751n, 752, 754
• Nicaragua, 88, 126, 136, 137
  • U.S. military relations:
    • Bowles’ appraisal, 191
    • Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, 187–190
    • International Cooperation Administration, 179
    • Mutual Security Act of 1954, 176–177
• Nichols, C. W., 142
• Nigeria, 465
• Nitze, 94, 96, 97, 100n, 780
• Nixon, Richard M., 1
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 319, 325, 328, 778
• O’Conner, James F., 356n
• Odría, Manuel, 862, 863, 882–885
• Oduber, Daniel, 129–131
• Oil issues, 722
  • Argentina, 165, 414–416, 419n
  • Peru, 165–166, 886–887
• Operations Coordinating Board (OCB), 423–424
• Organia, Juan Carlos, 412n, 422
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 132
• Organization of American States (OAS) (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 2, 7, 26, 28, 33, 54, 62, 63, 374
  • Brazil, 503–505
  • British Guiana, 569
  • Caribbean-Cuban relations, 171–173
  • Dominican Republic, 4, 355, 623, 626, 627, 633, 640, 643, 651–652, 656, 663–664, 670, 692, 705
    • Hilsman’s appraisal, 665–666
    • Sanctions, 671n, 676, 679, 680, 686
  • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 163–164
  • Haiti, 779, 781n, 782–785, 787, 797–798
  • Inter-American Defense College, 224–225
  • Kennedy, meeting with, 117–125
  • National Security Council, 355
  • Peru, 855, 866, 870, 874, 876, 892
  • Soviet penetration into Latin America, 350–351
• Oropeza Castillo, Alejandro, 689
• Ortiz de Rosas, Carlos, 279, 292, 359
• Palma, Admiral, 367n
• Panama, 116, 327, 865
  • Canal zone, 815–816, 822–824, 824–826, 838–839
    • Arango-Kennedy meeting, 828–830
    • Ball-Chiari meeting, 839–842
    • Chiari (Ricardo)-Kennedy meeting, 814–815
    • Future sea level canal, 812–813
    • Kennedy-Chiari communications, 810, 827–828
    • Kennedy-Chiari meeting, 831–838, 844–846
    • Kennedy-U.S. officials meeting, 846–849
    • Martin-Arango meeting, 842–844
    • National Security Council, 807–809
    • Renegotiating revenues from, 811–812
  • Political situation, 213, 819–820
  • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 136–137
    • Ball-Chiari meeting, 817–820
    • Rusk appraisal, 816–817
    • Salinger-Velarde meeting, 821–822
  • U.S. economic assistance, 845–846, 848–851
  • U.S. military relations, 176–177, 179, 187–190
• Papich, S. J., 202
• Pappas, George, 668
• Paraguay, 57, 88, 116, 204
• Paret, Col. Pierre, 803
• Passman, Otto, 95
• Perette, Carlos H., 417–419
• Perez de la Cova, Carlos, 872
• Perez Godoy, Gen. Ricardo, 863, 868
• Perez Guerrero, Manuel, 271, 689
• Perez Sanchez, Elisco, 692
• Peron, Juan, 365n
• Peru, 13, 31, 48, 49, 51, 116, 853, 856
  • Coup government, 871, 886
    • Ambassador to Peru, new U.S., 879–880
    • Ball’s appraisal, 864–867
    • Belaunde’s government overthrown, 863–864
    • Elections, 882–886
    • NIE 97-63, 880–881
    • U.S. military relations, 876–879
    • U.S. position, 868–870
    • Venezuelan initiative, 872–875
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 88, 262–264, 286, 326–327, 852–853, 855, 889
  • Latin America, relations with, 382, 855, 865, 873, 875
  • Political situation (see also Coup government subheading above), 89, 127, 879, 886
    • Alianzi Popular Revolucionaria Americana, 858–862, 859, 860, 881, 883, 885
    • Elections, 858, 862
    • Land reforms, 891–892
    • Military threats (Peruvian), 859–863
    • Oil issues, 165–166, 886–887
  • United Nations, 887–889
  • United States, relations with, 854–863
  • U.S. economic assistance, 88, 855–857, 890–891
  • U.S. military relations, 109, 204
  • Venezuela, relations with, 871–875
• Pezzullo, Lawrence, 280n
• Philippines, 72
• Pichardo, Amiama, 693, 719
• Pico, Rafael, 704, 711
• Poole, Richard A., 852, 857–859, 868n, 876n, 882, 883, 890n
• Prado y Ugarteche, Manuel (see also Peru), 854–857, 863, 871
• Prebisch, Raul, 28
• Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 135–137, 143–145
• Prestes, Carlos, 336
• Puerto, Alvarado, 331
• Puerto Rico, 749–750
• Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 294–309, 695
• Quadros, Janio (see also Brazil), 40, 119, 423, 426–427
  • Berle, meeting with, 426–427
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 443
  • Dillon, meeting with, 429–432
  • Economic issues, 427–428, 441–442
  • Foreign policy, 424–425, 433–434, 437–438
  • Resignation of, 444
• Rai, Balram Singh, 591
• Ramfis. SeeTrujillo, Rafael Leonidas Martinez, Jr.
• Ramsey, Henry C., 91
• Randolph, Virgil B., 804n
• Rayburn, Sam, 619
• Raymont, Henry, 487, 797
• Read, Benjamin H., 160–162, 247, 417–419, 507n, 802–804
• Read Barrera, Eduardo, 692
• Reed, Lear, 742
• Riani, Clodsmidt, 462
• Riba, Jorge, 818
• Rice, Andrew E., 190
• Rio Treaty of 1947 (Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance), 250, 252, 256, 262, 265n, 269, 280, 289, 295, 471
• Roberts, Col. Francis J., 239n
• Rockefeller, David, 138
• Rodriguez, Gen. Alfredo, 860n
• Rodriguez Echavarria, Pedro Rafael, 678, 681, 688, 690, 693, 694–695
• Roman, Vinas, 744
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 2, 4
• Rosenberg, Anna, 636
• Rosenthal, Edward B., 584n
• Rostow, Walt W., 10n, 75, 86n, 94, 100n, 141, 308–309, 350, 468, 639
• Rowan, Carl T., 91, 100n
• Rowe, David, 143, 413
• Rowell, Edward M., 331n
• Rubin, Seymour J., 75, 179
• Rubirosa, Porfirio, 643
• Rubottom, Roy R., Jr., 356
• Ruggles, Dick, 28
• Rusk, Dean, 26, 27, 128, 162, 171, 214n, 419n, 604, 607, 642, 654, 780
  • Argentina:
    • Alemann-Kennedy meeting, 356–357
    • Economic assistance, 395–398
    • Guido government (post coup d’etat), 369–373
    • Peronists, 400–402
    • U.S. position, 362–363
  • Brazil, 447
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 437–438, 470
    • Dantas, meeting with, 334–336, 498–499
    • Dantas-Kennedy meeting, 500–503
    • Image of U.S., 505–507
    • Inter-American system, 471–472
    • International Telephone & Telegraph, expropriation of, 456–457
    • Moreira Salles-Kennedy meeting, 427–428
    • U.S. position, 424–426
  • British Guiana, 575–577
    • Bruce, communications with, 526–528, 530, 605–606
    • Deterioration of relations, 612–613
    • Elections, 519–523
    • Home, communications with, 546–548
    • Home, meeting with, 553
    • U.K.-U.S. relations, 526–528, 530, 544–545, 553, 569–571, 573–574
    • U.S. position, 529–530
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 290, 342
    • Argentine concerns/positions, 267–269, 292–294
    • Brazilian concerns/positions, 259–261, 280–281, 291–292
    • Central American fears, 228–229
    • Colombian concerns/positions, 255–257, 281–282
    • Dantas, meeting with, 309–311, 470
    • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 316–317, 324–327
    • Frondizi-Kennedy meeting, 278–279
    • Mexican concerns, 318–321
    • Punta del Este Conference of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 294–308
    • U.S. position, 262–263, 286–288, 337–341
    • Venezuelan concerns, 352–354
  • Dominican Republic, 616–619, 627, 643, 660–663
    • Balaguer, meeting with, 634–635
    • Bonilla Antiles, meeting with, 699–700
    • Contingency planning after Trujillo assassination, 636–637, 639
    • Government overthrown, 742–746
    • Military civilian junta, 694–695
    • Political instability, 623–624
    • Trujillo brothers’ return, 678–681
    • U.S. position, 717–719, 729–731
  • Haiti, 757–758
    • Dominican Republic’s invasion plans, 797–798
    • Duvalier’s removal from power, 779–780, 781, 785–787
    • Freites, meeting with, 794–795
  • Latin American-U.S. military relations:
    • Morse, explanations to, 230–232
    • South American Assessment Team, 217–218
    • Training programs for foreign military personnel, 227–228
    • U.S. position, 226–227, 239–242
  • Latin American-U.S. relations:
    • Alliance for Progress, 145
    • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 314–315
    • Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 113–115, 168–169
    • Montevideo Conference, 55–56
    • National Security Council, 133
    • Presidents of Central America and Panama Summit, 135–137
  • Panama, 811–812, 816–817, 845
  • Peru, 853–854, 877n
    • Coup government, 868–870
    • Cuban question in Latin America, 852–853
    • Elections, 882–886
    • Military threats (Peruvian), 859–863
    • United Nations, 887–889
• Ryan, Capt. Paul B., 194n
• Saccio, Leonard J., 439
• Salinger, Pierre, 821–822
• Samudio, David, 810, 818
• Sanchez, 667, 676
• Sanchez, Col. Castro, 422
• Sanchez Gavito, 295
• Sandys, Duncan, 604, 605, 607–609
• Santos, Salaxar, 253
• Sanz de Santamaria, Carlos, 253, 254
• Sause, O. L., 344n
• Sayre, Robert M., 5, 318
• Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr., 134, 399n, 464, 468, 536, 538, 558, 642, 664, 680n
  • Argentina, 368–369, 373
  • British Guiana, 519n, 523–526, 531, 538–541, 548–551, 562, 563, 572–573, 578, 582–583
  • Dominican Republic, 639, 640, 673
  • Latin American-U.S. relations:
    • Alliance for Progress, 107–110
    • Kennedy’s Latin American speech, 9–10
    • Military regimes, 150–152
    • Trip to Latin America, 10–19
  • Peru, 876
• Schwalb Lopez Aldana, Fernando, 887–892
• Scott, Joe, 579n, 636
• Searwar, John, 538
• Shaw, David G., 693
• Shriver, Sargent, 94, 147
• Sloan, Frank K., 337n, 766n
• Smith, Bromley K., 19, 133, 373, 399n, 517n, 780, 807n, 815n, 858n
• Smith, Stephen, 664
• Sol, Jorge, 28
• Solis, Galileo, 818, 833, 835, 837, 840n, 841, 845
• Somoza Debayle, Anastasio, 126, 130, 136, 333
• Sorensen, Theodore C., 468, 780
• South American Assessment Team (SAAT), 202–209, 217–221
• Soviet Union, 2, 3, 41, 295, 497
  • British Guiana, relations with, 535, 537–538
  • Caribbean countries, relations with, 210–211
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 234–235, 320
  • Foreign Ministers of the American Republics, 326, 330
  • Latin America, relations with, 13, 130, 348–351
• Spain, 478
• Sparks, Edward J., 48–61
• Special Consultative Committee on Security (SCCS), 247
• Special Group (CI), 126
• Special National Intelligence Estimates:
  • SNIE 80-62, 209–213
  • SNIE 82.2-61, 656–659
  • SNIE 85-4-62, 234–235
  • SNIE 86.1-61, 758–760
  • SNIE 87.2-61, 514–517
  • SNIE 87.2-62, 564–569
  • SNIE 93-2-61, 453–454
  • SNIE 93-63, 490–493
• Spencer, Col. O. A., 597
• Spencer, George O., 221, 226n, 227n, 230n, 247n
• Springsteen, George, 446n, 818, 849n
• Standard Oil of New Jersey, 886–887
• Staples, H. Lee, 533n
• Stephansky, Ben S., 75, 109
• Stevenson, Adlai E., 26–27, 30–32, 132, 255n, 256, 267, 545–546, 573n, 640, 721n, 780
• Stewart, C. Allan, 271, 689
• Sullivan, Leonor K., 847, 848
• Sullivan, William H., 420
• Surinam, 533
• Swank, Emory C., 177n, 395n
• Symington, Jim, 134
• Szulc, Tad, 303, 797
• Tamayo, Gonzalez, 743
• Tanganyika, 465
• Tasca, Henry J., 573n
• Task Force on Immediate Latin American Problems, 1–8, 23–25, 38–43, 749
• Tasker, Anthony, 597
• Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 192–193, 399n, 551n, 780, 781
• Teller, Edward, 853
• Tello, Manuel, 295, 300, 312
• Thompson, Herbert, 779n, 876n
• Thomson, James C., Jr., 91
• Thorneycroft, Peter, 607
• Thurston, Raymond L., 238, 239, 764, 775, 779n, 781–783, 787n, 800–802
• Torres, Vidal, 682
• Torres Matos, Juan Francisco, 868
• Torrey, Charles, 664, 699
• Toure, Sekou, 628
• Townsend, E. C., 202
• Tragen, Irving, 49
• Trezise, Philip H., 75
• Trinidad, 131, 315, 551
• Trujillo, Arismendi, 676–681
• Trujillo, Hector Bienvenido, 676–681
• Trujillo, Rafael Leonidas Martinez, Jr., 620, 641–643, 647, 653, 659, 662, 664, 666–667, 681
• Trujillo y Molina, Gen. Rafael Leonidas (see also Dominican Republic), 615
  • Assassination of, 614, 634, 758, 760
  • Corruption, 616–617
  • Murphy, meeting with, 625–628
  • Opposition to, 617–618, 619, 621–623, 635–636
• Tunisia, 628
• Turbay, Julio Cesar, 251n, 253, 257, 258–259
• Turkey, 326
• Turnage, William V., 116, 153n
• Tyler, William R., 512–514, 526n, 530n, 536, 558, 607, 780
• Ulloa, Manuel, 887
• United Kingdom (U.K.), 246, 465
  • British Guiana, relations with (see also U.K.-U.S. relations under British Guiana), 516–517, 579
    • Consulate General’s appraisal, American, 585–586, 587
    • Elections, 521–522
    • Kennedy-Macmillan communications, 569–571, 573–574, 581
    • Kennedy-Macmillan meeting, 607–609
    • Rusk-Home meeting, 553
    • White House meeting, 604
  • United States, relations with, 835
• United Nations, 4, 7, 785
  • British Guiana, 552–553
  • Conference on Trade and Development, 161–162
  • Council on Latin America, 62, 73
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 258–261
  • Latin American-U.S. relations, 30–32
  • Peru, 887–889
• United States Information Agency (USIA), 157–158, 859
• United States Information Service (USIS), 602, 777
• Uruguay, 31, 48, 204, 307
  • Cuban question in Latin America, 246, 247, 265, 295, 297
  • Political situation, 79, 80, 82
  • U.S. economic assistance, 57–58
• Usher, Richard E., 91
• Valarde, Fabian, 818
• Valdezvidaure, Admiral, 682
• Vallon, Edwin, 654n, 660n, 664
• Van Reigersberg, Fernando, 271, 689, 723
• Vance, Cyrus R., 238, 239n, 242
• Vargas, Getulio Dornelles, 452, 485
• Vasconcellos, Arnaldo, 456
• Vega, Otto, 625–626
• Velarde, Fabian, 821–822
• Venezuela (see also Cuban question in Latin America), 13, 31, 50, 53, 794
  • Agrarian reforms, 116–117
  • Argentina, relations with, 379–381
  • Dominican Republic, relations with, 644, 663, 689–691
  • Peru, relations with, 871–875
  • Political situation, 79, 80, 82, 87, 126
  • United States, relations with, 747–748
  • U.S. economic assistance, 40–41
  • U.S. military relations, 204, 224
• Verastegui Izurrietta, Gen. Maximo, 868
• Villeda Morales, Jose Ramon, 130, 136, 144
• Voice of America, 633
• Walker, Patrick G., 606
• Wallner, Woodruf, 558
• Walsh, Loren, 558
• Washington Assessment Team for Caribbean countries, 185–187
• Weismann, Henri A., 505n
• Wellman, Harvey R., 255n, 267n, 362n, 365n, 369n, 371n, 375n, 400n, 412n, 500n
• Wells, C. Edward, 253, 478
• Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 639
• Wheeler, Richard S., 316n
• White, Ivan, 518, 520
• Whiteman, Marjorie M., 228n, 269n, 277n, 286n, 375n
• Whittaker, Arthur P., 1, 749
• Wiesner, Jerry, 816
• Wiktor, Christian L., 848n
• Williams, Haydn, 5, 38, 41, 68, 94, 173n, 183–184, 221, 450–452
• Williams, Murat, 69
• Williams, Newell, 704
• Wilson, Jackson W., 309n, 310, 456
• Wolf, Joseph J., 239n
• Woodward, Robert F., 30, 62, 74, 94, 181, 183, 194n, 259, 265, 268–270, 271, 272, 274, 276, 277n, 278n, 280n, 282, 291n, 357n, 359, 439, 446n, 447–448, 450, 614–616, 654, 660n, 678n, 680n, 683n, 691, 761n, 810, 811n, 815
• Wooley, Capt. Emile, 803
• World Bank, 465, 466, 473, 596, 768
• Wriggins, Howard, 75, 91
• Wriston, Walter, 138
• Ydigoras Fuentes, Miguel, 130, 135, 136, 333
• Youlou, Abbe, 628
• Zavala Ortiz, Miguel Angel, 414
• Zulueta, Philip de, 607