Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, Volume X

Supreme Economic Council: [29th Meeting Held at London on 1st August, 1919, at 3 p.m., and 2d August, 1919, at 10:30 a.m.]¹

London, August 1, 1919, 3 p.m. and August 2, 1919, 10:30 a.m.

The Supreme Economic Council held the First Session of its Twenty-ninth Meeting on Friday, the 1st August, 1919, at 3 p.m., at the Colonial Office in London, and the Second Session of its Twenty-ninth Meeting on Saturday, the 2nd August, at 10.30 a.m., at the India Office, under the Chairmanship of Lord Robert Cecil.

The Associated Governments were represented as follows:—

America, United States of	Mr. Hoover.
	Mr. J. Foster Dulles.
British Empire	Mr. Austen Chamberlain.
	Sir Auckland Geddes.
	Sir Joseph Maclay.
	Mr. G. H. Roberts.
	Mr. Cecil Harmsworth.
France	M. Clémentel.
	M. Vilgrain.
	M. Dupuy.
	M. Avenol.
	General Payot (representing Marshal Foch).
Italy	Signor Schanzer.
	Signor Marconi.
	Signor Salvatore Orlando.
	Commander Volpi.
	Professor Attolico.
Belgium	M. Jaspar.
	Colonel Theunis.
	Major Bemelmans.

272.

The minutes of the twenty-seventh and of the twenty-eighth meetings were approved.

273. Interchange of Goods Between Countries of Central Europe.

With reference to Minute 267, the American Delegates reported that they had received information to the effect that the interchange of potatoes and coal between Poland on the one hand and German-Austria and Czecho-Slovakia on the other hand was actually in operation.

274. Relief Operations During June.

A report from the Director-General of Relief (251) with detailed tables showing progress of relief measures during the month of June, and totals from the 1st December to the 30th June, was submitted for the information of the Council.

275. Typhus Relief in Eastern Europe.

The Director-General of Relief submitted a memorandum (252) giving an outline of the measures taken by the United States military authorities to aid the Polish Government in combating the spread of typhus in Eastern Europe and a history of the negotiations which have taken place between the Committee of the Directors of Relief, the representatives of the League of Red Cross Societies and the Polish Ministry of Public Health, which resulted in the conclusion that more effective aid could be given Poland by the method adopted than through the intervention of the League of Red Cross Societies.

The British Delegates reported that they had arranged to secure appropriation of a quantity of medical supplies, the transfer of certain army equipment to the Polish Ministry of Health and for further contributions from the British Red Cross.

276. Termination of Rotterdam Food Commission.

The receipt of a cable from the Rotterdam Food Commission (253) requesting definite instructions whether to continue or to cease functioning as an Inter-Allied Commission, was reported.

It was agreed that a communication should be addressed to the Rotterdam Food Commission directing it to cease functioning as an Inter-Allied Commission, but adding that the various National Delegations on the Commission should act in co-operation for the winding up of its work.

277. Repatriation of Prisoners of War.

A memorandum prepared by the Director-General of Relief (254), recommending that the Supreme Council be asked to set up a Commission comprising British, French, American and Italian military officers for the co-ordination and management of the work and finance connected with the repatriation of the various nationals scattered throughout Europe as a result of the war, was submitted.

At the request of the French Delegates, it was noted that this scheme did not apply to the territories under the jurisdiction of the Western Allies and the United States.

It was agreed that the report should be forwarded to the Supreme Council with a communication pointing out that considerable difficulties might arise with respect to the shipping arrangements, and suggesting that the Commission should be directed to take under careful consideration the Allied needs with respect to the transport of Allied troops.^1a

278. Traffic on the Danube.

(1) A memorandum from the Roumanian Delegation to the Peace Conference (255), dealing with the situation created in Roumania by the measures adopted by the Supreme Council of the Allies regarding the administration of the Danube, was considered.

The Chairman of the Communications Section pointed out that the Provisional Allied Danube Commission was created for the purpose of facilitating traffic on the Danube and expediting the exchange of commodities and that its activities had been to a large extent successful. He continued that, in the opinion of the Communications Section, the substantial objections put forward in the Roumanian memorandum would be met by allowing representatives of the riparian States to be attached to the Provisional Allied Danube Commission and by taking steps for the immediate restoration to commerce of river craft on the Danube pending the final settlement of disputes relative to ownership.

It was agreed to recommend to the Supreme Council that representatives of the non-enemy riparian States should be attached to the Provisional Allied Danube Commission.²

(2) A letter from the Greek Delegation of the Peace Conference (256) requesting that tugs, lighters and other river craft belonging to Greek subjects, which had been seized during the enemy occupation of Roumania, and since the armistice had been in the possession of the Allies, should now be returned to their owners, was submitted.

The Chairman of the Communications Section reported that traffic on the-Danube was greatly impeded owing to disputes as to the ownership of river craft, and that free circulation between the Upper and Lower Danube was rendered impossible because of the liability to seizure while in the middle of a voyage by claimants on the Lower Danube seeking to establish original ownership.

The Council agreed in principle:—

(1) That all vessels of undisputed ownership should be returned to their owners under arrangements to be made by the Provisional Allied Danube Commission.

(2) That as regards vessels of contested ownership, the Communications Section should perfect a plan for holding the title of these vessels in trust for their true owners, and should make immediate arrangements for their being brought into full use pending the final decision as to ownership.

The French Delegates stated that, while agreeing in principle, they were unable to accept a definite resolution until their Government had received explicit proposals.

It was further agreed that the Communications Section should prepare and submit to the French Government proposals encompassing the above objects and that in the event of an agreed solution, the necessary actions should be taken by the Communications Section without further reference to the Council.

279. Resumption of Communications With Germany.

(a) Postal. A recommendation to the Supreme Council, made by the special committee appointed by the Supreme Economic Council to study and report upon questions relative to the re-establishment of postal communication with Germany (257) and the decision reached by the Supreme Council (258) in the light of this report, was noted.

(b) Railway Communication. General Payot, representing Marshal Foch, outlined to the Council the steps which had been taken with a view to the re-establishment of railway communication with Germany, viz.:—

(1) That a programme had already been devised and put into effect re-establishing railway communication between occupied and unoccupied Germany.

(2) That, with respect to direct communication between the Allies and Germany and to through communication over German railways, a conference of the different Governments, including Germany, had been called for the 6th August at the Ministry of Public Works, in Paris, when a full scheme would be devised.

280. European Food, Coal, and Raw Materials Situation.

The following decision from the Supreme Council was reported:—

“Resolved that the problems arising out of present difficulties of providing food, coal, and raw materials to Allied Powers should be submitted to the Supreme Economic Council for examination and report.”³

(a) Food. A memorandum from the French Delegation (259), proposing that an organisation be maintained to ensure Inter-Allied or International co-operation in the co-ordination of national control of wheat, frozen meats, sugar, and other foodstuffs, was considered.

The French Delegates stated that the French Government was compelled for the time being to maintain control of certain foodstuffs, as, for example, wheat; that the British and other Governments were retaining this control, and that for these reasons they felt that cooperation in national buying would prevent an undue rise in the prices of essential foodstuffs. They elaborated their proposals suggesting that a Committee with representatives from the different Governments, including producing countries, should be entrusted with the determination of questions of general policy and with the collection and study of data, and that the Wheat Executive should be retained as a consultative body.

The British Delegates expressed general approval of the French proposals as outlined, on the understanding that each nation would provide its own shipping and finance.

The Italian Delegates stated that they were in favour of the French proposals, as in Italy it was still impossible to restore complete freedom. They emphasised, however, that the proposed organisation could be only consultative.

The Belgian Delegates also expressed approval of the French proposals, stating that in Belgium, too, some measure of economic control was still essential.

The American Delegates stated that, owing to the fact that the American Food Administration came to an end with the signature of Peace, and as they had no authority to act in this matter, they could not take any active part in the proposals laid down without instructions from Washington. They would like to present some features of the matter from purely an objective point of view.

It was true that there had been some degeneration in the world food supplies from the high prospects of two months ago, but the harvests of the world were, from every evidence, still large enough to take care of the world’s necessities. Nevertheless, the margin of surplus was sufficiently narrow to create grave dangers of speculation and, in fact, the diminution of prospects, together with the general moral relaxation in the world, had already given rise to considerable speculation and profiteering, as evidenced in the advance of prices of Argentine, Australian, and Canadian wheat due to speculation within the last month or two. They were confident that any plan that would militate against speculation and profiteering would be received sympathetically by the American people.

There were, however, several points on the proposals which should receive consideration. In the first instance, combined buying, or even consultation on prices, practically meant to a considerable degree fixing of prices during the year. So great a domination of the world’s food markets and the virtual fixing of prices which was possible under these arrangements would require the broadest statesmanship if it were to avoid the dangers which are inherent in these methods.

If prices are fixed there is a tendency to discourage production, unless those prices are fixed on an extremely liberal basis. Europe could not afford to have any diminution in production of the world’s food supplies, for even a small percentage, such as 15 per cent., in Western Hemisphere wheat production would starve Europe.

They continued that there was also another phase to the matter, and that was that such arrangements necessarily violate the economic basis of normal food production, because all food is seasonal in its production, and the economic burden of carrying these seasonal supplies for distribution over the entire year is necessarily normally carried by the whole distribution trades, and if prices are to be determined the distribution trade will not be disposed to carry the surplus against an unknown fixation of prices by a powerful body whose action in any circumstances must necessarily be unknown to them. The economic result might quite well be that the trades would refuse to carry the surplus, and that prices in consequence would fall to a point below the cost of production, and if these methods were to be adopted it would be necessary to give consideration to the necessity of purchasing large stocks of food during the season of flush production with a view to their distribution at a later period. A case in point of this nature was that of the American fat products during the last winter, when certain of the Allied agencies held the view that advantage should be taken of the great momentary surplus unduly to break prices, and, had it not been for the intervention of the American Government, the production of fats would have been so discouraged as to have left Europe during the forthcoming year without one-half of her present available supplies.

Another feature bearing upon these proposed plans was the danger of creating in the minds of the producers in the Western Hemisphere the belief that a combination of buyers had been erected to dictate prices to the producer, the repercussions of which in financial and political issues would be most material.

Under these circumstances the American Delegates would strongly recommend to the Allied Governments that no plan of this character should be placed in action until it had been presented to the American Government in Washington. If contracts could be re-established on a basis of co-operation with the United States, by which the inherent economic weaknesses of such plans were ameliorated, it might be constructive in the control of profiteering and speculation, but unless it had the support of the producer as well as of the consumer the gravest possible dangers would result as to the future of the world’s food supplies.

The American Delegates believed that existing conditions of enlarged freedom in transportation and the much larger area of markets available to Europe during the next year than maintained during the war did not warrant the fixing of prices; they believed that price fixing and the control of speculation and profiteering were entirely different economic phenomena, and the latter would be handled without the necessity of entering upon the former. There was, of course, great conflict of view in these matters but in any event the American Delegation felt that it should not, under the circumstances, enter upon these discussions, but that the plans formulated should be presented directly to the Government in Washington.

The British, French, Italian, and Belgian Delegates stated that their proposals presupposed American co-operation, and that, in the interest of all, there must be no combination of buyers pitted against a combination of producers.

It was agreed—

(1) That the British, French, Italian, and Belgian Delegation should each appoint two representatives on a Committee to meet immediately and prepare a report for submission to the Supreme Council regarding the problems arising from the present difficulties of providing food for Europe.

(2) That before final adoption the scheme devised by this Committee should be placed before the United States Government with an invitation to co-operate.

(b) Coal. 1. The Council considered a memorandum presented by the Italian Delegates (260) dealing with the coal situation in Italy.

The French Delegates pointed out that the facts stated in the Italian memorandum as to the quantity of coal supplied by Great Britain, and as to the consequences of the British dual price system, applied equally to France.

The British Delegates stated that the present estimate of the output of coal was below the requirements of their internal use and bunker consumption, and that, accordingly, it was impossible for Great Britain, at the present moment, to promise to ship any specified quantity of coal.

It was agreed—

That the Council should recommend to the Governments of coal-producing countries to take under careful consideration the urgent needs for coal expressed by the different Delegations, and especially by the Italian Delegation, in view of the extremely grave situation now menacing Italy as a result of the reduction of the importation of coal.

2. A memorandum submitted by the Director-General of Belief on the European Coal Situation (261) was considered.

The American Delegates suggested that the Supreme Council should be asked to establish immediately a Coal Commission to undertake the co-ordination of the production and distribution of coal throughout Europe. The Reparation Commission for Germany, the Teschen Commission, the Plebiscite Commission for Silesia, and the different Commissions charged with matters of transport, should all be instructed to co-operate with this Coal Commission and assist in the work of the Coal Commission to the full extent of their powers.

The Council agreed, in principle, the recommendations made by the American Delegates, and each Delegation was asked to appoint a member upon a Coal Committee to meet in Paris on Monday August 4, to prepare a report and recommendation for the Supreme Council.

The Council further agreed, pending the decision of the Supreme Council, to recommend to the different Governments the urgent necessity of increasing the production and restraining and reducing the consumption of coal.

(c) Raw Materials. It was agreed that a Raw Materials Committee, composed of one representative from each of the Governments, should prepare a report for submission to the Supreme Council.^*

281. Sub-Committee on Germany.

A report from the Sub-Committee on Germany (262), submitted in accordance with the request of the Council at the twenty-sixth meeting (see Minute 251), was considered.

The American Delegates stated that the assistance of the Sub-Committee on Germany would be very helpful to the Reparation Commission in the consideration of certain problems with which the Sub-Committee was conversant.

It was agreed that the Sub-Committee should adjourn sine die, but that it should be called in case its assistance was needed by the Reparation Commission or by the Supreme Economic Council.

282. Relations Between the Reparation Commission and the Allied Maritime Transport Executive.

A letter from the Committee of Organisation of the Reparation Commission (263), dealing with the proposed relations between the Commission and the Allied Maritime Transport Executive, was submitted.

The Council approved the arrangements as set forth in the letter from the Committee.

283. Use of Adriatic Ports for Serbian Supplies.

A decision from the Supreme Council (264), relative to the use of Adriatic ports for commodities destined for Yugo-Slavia, was noted.

284. Allied Economic Policy in Hungary.

A decision by the Supreme Council to the effect “that the blockade of Hungary should be maintained until the Council should decide otherwise, and that the participation of the four Powers should be arranged for to assist the Austrian Government in maintaining it,”⁴ was reported.

285. Greek Stocks in Russia.

A letter from the Greek Delegation of the Peace Conference (265), drawing attention to the fact that large stocks of goods belonging to Greek merchants were held up in Crimean ports, and asking that the necessary permits should be granted to certain Greek steamers to lift these stocks, was submitted.

It was agreed that the Greek Delegation should be informed that the rule laid down by the Naval Commander-in-Chief at Constantinople was that the vessels might circulate freely in the Black Sea, except to ports in the hands of the Bolshevists.

286. Forecast of Situation in Bread Grains.

The Director-General of Belief submitted a memorandum with attached tables (266) giving a final pre-harvest forecast of the production and consumption of bread grains in Europe, together with the probable export surpluses in the United States, Canada, the Plate and Australia.

287. Situation in Armenia.

The Director-General of Relief reported the receipt of three cables (267) from Major Green, Head of the American Mission at Tiflis, dealing with the serious situation existing in Armenia.

It was agreed that a note should be addressed to the Supreme Council notifying them of the receipt of these cables and requesting instructions whether the information contained therein should be published.

288. Use of ex-Enemy Tonnage.

(a) A report, dated July 1, 1919, from the Allied Maritime Transport Executive (268), dealing with the assignment, deliveries and employment of German and Austro-Hungarian tonnage allocated to Allied management during the Armistice, was noted.

(b) A report from the Freight Commission, Food Section (269), setting out the position and employment of all ex-enemy tonnage nominated by the Allied Maritime Transport Executive for food service, was noted.

289. Reallocation of ex-Enemy Ships.

Representatives of the Allied Maritime Transport Executive stated that, in view of the fact that the use of ex-enemy tonnage for relief was now coming to an end, the Allied Maritime Transport Executive had considered the reallocation of this tonnage. The basis of reallocation proposed both for cargo and passenger tonnage was that the allocation for management should be the determining factor until such time as a final division was made. The financial proposals consequent upon this arrangement had been unanimously agreed. The basis of reallocation, however, in respect of cargo tonnage had not been agreed by the Belgian Delegation. As regards passenger tonnage, the same arrangement had been put forward; but, in respect of certain vessels allocated for repatriation purposes to the United States of America, and no longer required by the United States of America, no unanimous conclusion had been reached, the French Delegation making certain reservations.

It was agreed:—

(1) To accept and confirm all that the Allied Maritime Transport Executive had unanimously agreed.

(2) To request the Allied Maritime Transport Executive to submit for the decision of the Supreme Council the point, or points, upon which agreement had not been reached, stating clearly the case for each point of view.

290. Tonnage for Czecho-Slovak Republic.

A note from the Freight Committee, Food Section (270), stating that a letter had been received from the Czecho-Slovak Republic requesting that shipping space be provided for the transport of 100,000 tons of Government supplies from the Argentine and India, was considered.

It was agreed that the request should be referred to the Allied Maritime Transport Executive for consideration and report on the entire matter, including questions of policy involved.

291. Status of Railway Mission to Poland.

The British Delegates reported receipt of a cablegram from Warsaw making enquiry in connection with the preparation of a plan of railway reorganisation in Poland, whether Poland should be considered at war or at peace.

The Chairman of the Communications Section pointed out that, in the opinion of the British and American representatives on the Railway Mission to Poland, military control would hamper economic development, and that railway organisation on a peace basis was essential to the economic development of the country.

It was agreed that, because of the fact that the note raised political questions, the matter should be referred to the Communications Section for the preparation of a memorandum upon the economic questions involved for submission to the Supreme Council.

292. Austrian Relief.

The Director-General of Relief reported that arrangements had been made for the addition to the Austrian programme of 20,000 tons of flour to be charged to the British share of the joint Allied finance, and that with this increase the relief of Austria had been provided for until the end of September.

293. Appointment of an International Statistical Committee.

It was agreed that an International Statistical Committee, consisting of one representative of each country, should be constituted with a view to producing an international monthly bulletin of economic statistics on the lines of that recently issued by the British Department of the Supreme Economic Council. The Committee was to act in consultation with the Economic Section of the League of Nations’ Secretariat, and the cost of producing the bulletin was to be borne on a basis to be agreed by the countries participating.

It was understood that the work of this Committee should eventually be taken over by the League of Nations.

294. Economic Co-operation After Peace.

The British Delegates reported that their Government approved the recommendations made by the Committee on Policy of the Supreme Economic Council (see Minute 259) and agreed, in principle, that the first session of the proposed International Economic Council should be held at Washington. They pointed out, however, that it might be impossible for the Cabinet Ministers now sitting as delegates to attend in person.

The French, Italian, and Belgian Delegates stated that their Governments had approved the recommendations in principle.

295. Permanent Committee.

The British Delegates suggested that a small permanent committee should sit in London with the view to expediting the despatch of current business.

It was agreed—

(1) That a Permanent Committee composed of one representative from each of the Governments should sit in London.

(2) That this Committee should dispose of matters of routine or current business, referring to the full Council questions of great importance, or where obviously there was likely to be a difference of opinion.

Appendix 251

Report From the Director-General [of Relief] Regarding Relief Operations in Europe During June 1919

Gentlemen: I attach hereto detailed tables showing the progress of relief measures under my direction for the month of June and the totals from the 1st December to the 30th June.

During the month of June there was distributed about 100 shiploads of food to the twenty countries under relief, comprising 597,543 metric tons of supplies, having an approximate value of 141,255,334 dollars. As usual, the great majority has been supplied on credit, and to some extent upon charity. This compares with 738,687 metric tons distributed during the previous month, of the approximate value of 162,875,000 dollars.

The total supplies distributed under the Relief Administration from the 1st December to the 30th June amounts to 3,219,896 tons, comprising about 612 shiploads, of a value of approximately 770,795,000 dollars.

Port stocks at the 30th June amounted to 157,681 tons, as compared with 195,791 tons on the 31st May.

The exchange of local surpluses of native food and other commodities between countries in Central and Eastern Europe, which has been arranged by the Belief Administration, has shown increases, but these figures are not included in the above totals.

I can only repeat that I am confident that we shall reach the completion of this task with the harvest and without any preventable loss of life.

Faithfully yours,

Herbert Hoover

July 25, 1919.

[Enclosure]

I.—Total Relief Deliveries Under the Direction of the Director-General of Relief During the Period June 1 to 30, 1919

[Metric tons]

	Total Bread-stuffs	Wheat Flour	Cereal Flour	Grain	Beans	Rice	Meats and Fats	Milk	Clothing	Miscellaneous	Total
Finland	35,065			35,065							35,065
Esthonia
Latvia	1,265	1,265			284		385	382			2,316
Lithuania
Russia
Poland	24,455	10,623		13,832	895	3,668	3,759	1,121	820	1,497	36,215
Germany	107,656	52,496	13,393	41,767	8,654	3,916	45,877	6,731		34,519	207,353
Denmark
Holland
Belgium	2,172		23	2,149	12	6	18,889	424	1,058	3,017	25,578
Northern France							4,648	6,057	1,416	11,828	24,849
Czecho-Slovakia	83,101	8,679	7,073	67,349	323		2,101	331		167	86,023
German Austria	91,092	56,832	6,600	27,660	975	132	753	1,657		26,393	121,004
Hungary
Greater Serbia	3,030	3,030			490	108	107	276		253	4,264
Italy
Roumania	34,494	11,323	7,451	15,720	1,591		258			5,350	41,693
Bulgaria	2,013	2,013									2,013
Turkey
Armenia	6,856	6,823	33		2,042	3		1,950		319	11,170
Total	391,199	153,084	34,573	203,542	15,266	7,833	76,777	18,929	3,294	83,345	597,543

II.—Total Relief Deliveries Under the Direction of the Director-General of Relief During the Period From December 1, 1918, to June 30, 1919

[Metric tons]

	Bread-stuffs	Beans and Peas	Rice	Meats and Fats	Milk	Cocoa and Sugar	Clothing	Miscellaneous	Total
Finland	117,118	744	835	1,963	250	1,586		842	123,338
Esthonia	13,165	210	37	493	96	64			14,065
Latvia	3,451	309	8	527	418	3			4,716
Lithuania	2,040	8		12	60	17			2,137
Poland	173,556	3,996	7,668	21,112	4,733	666	5,227	95,607	312,565
Germany	365,471	48,860		121,265	23,128				778,924
Holland	24,552								24,652
Denmark	19,942								19,942
Belgium	594,012	5,270	29,130	65,949	15,177	3,435	8,912	26,544	748,429
Northern France	6,647	5,193	10,920	17,159	13,370	14,163	3,298	17,588	88,338
Czecho-Slovakia	253,696	439	251	17,663	2,596	277	105	48,776	323,803
German Austria	235,337	6,715	12,992	33,077	5,051	40,705		37,224	371,101
Hungary				633					633
Greater Serbia	59,777	4,769	149	3,780	1,067	283	8,332	11,285	89,442
Italy	15,034								15,034
Roumania	174,433	2,390		3,617	2,951	628	4,189	28,458	216,666
Bulgaria	22,831								22,831
Turkey	14,458								14,468
Armenia	25,614	2,661	3		2,463	319			31,060
Russia	1,307							13,770	15,077
Russian prisoners in Germany	1,433			1,050				202	2,685
Total	2,123,874	81,564	111,847	288,300	71,360	62,146	30,063	450,642	3,219,896

III.—Stocks in Port. June 30, 1919

	Bread-stuffs	Peas and Beans	Rice	Meats and Fats	Milk	Cocoa and Sugar	Clothing	Miscellaneous	Total
Rotterdam	20,026	102	1,140	380		286	24	4	21,962
Antwerp	15,097	2,629	1,363	3,102	2,580				36,331
Hamburg	10,310		349	434	30		111		11,234
Danzig	30,906	9,896	2,530	5,688	704	769		3,348	53,841
Copenhagen	5,627			720	34				6,381
Hunger berg	2,774								2,774
Reval	5,485								5,485
Viborg	4,194	495		421	390				5,500
Riga	1,087			132	104				1,323
Trieste	11,621			878	238			113	12,850
Total	107,127	13,122	5,382	11,755	4,080	1,530	976	13,709	157,681

IV.—Stocks and Internal Movements During June 1919

	Bread-stuffs	Beans	Rice	Meats and Fats	Milk	Clothing	Miscellaneous	Total
Reserve port stocks June 1,1919	84,941	12,208	7,422	52,040	10,045	3,339	25,796	195,791
Supplies received during June	413,385	16,180	5,793	36,492	13,864	931	72,788	559,433
Total available in June	498,326	28,388	13,215	88,532	23,909	4,270	98,584	755,224
Distribution during June	391,199	15,266	7,833	76,777	19,829	3,294	83,345	597,543
Reserve port stocks June 30,1919	107,127	13,122	5,382	11,755	4,080	976	15,239	157,681

July 24, 1919

Appendix 252

Memorandum From the Director-General of Relief [Regarding] Typhus Relief in Eastern Europe

The Council will recollect that during the last spring the typhus situation in Eastern Europe was raised in the Council by myself, and, after discussion, it was determined to appeal to the Red Cross Societies of the world to undertake a special campaign in this particular. This appeal was made, and in consequence of it some discussion of the matter took place at the Conferences held in Cannes, from which were finally organised the League of Red Cross Societies. The League of Red Cross Societies addressed themselves directly to the Heads of State for financial assistance, and these gentlemen referred the matter back again to the Supreme Economic Council for consideration.

The Council instructed me, together with my colleagues in charge of relief, on behalf of the various Governments (Sir William Goode, Mr. Caetani, Major Fillioux), to interest ourselves in assisting the matter. A considerable number of discussions were held with the representatives of the League of Red Cross Societies, and it was pointed out to them that the only assistance the Council could bring to bear would be to enlist the interest of the various armies in the disposal of their surplus supplies, and in the lending of their personnel, and urgent representations in the matter were made by us to the American, British and French military authorities.

The League of Red Cross Societies raised the question of the authority that would be given to them by the Governments of Eastern Europe. They considered that it was necessary that they should have a practically complete police authority in order to make effectual the results of their efforts. They also stated that they had no resources otherwise than for purposes of general organisation; that while, under the resources they possessed, they could mobilise enterprises of this character, the entire expenditure would have to be met from governmental quarters. We decided that the best method of procedure would be to ask the Polish Minister of Health to come to Paris for consultation with the League of Red Cross Societies, which was done and conferences were held early in July.

At these conferences the League of Red Cross Societies stated that they could not take the responsibility for such a campaign unless they were given very large authorities by the Ministry of Health, and the Polish Minister felt that he could not justifiably surrender the control of health conditions internally in Poland, in view of the very large amount of work already being carried on by the Polish Government and his own responsibility. A number of conferences appear to have taken place between the Polish Minister of Health and the Red Cross Societies, by which ultimately they decided that their best services would be performed by recruiting personnel for the Ministry of Health and at the expense of the Polish Government.

The matter appeared to be making but little progress, as the Polish Minister of Health informed me that he was not able to find the necessary expenditure to cover his problem. It was therefore resolved by your Committee that they should appeal directly to the armies of the various Governments to assist the Polish Ministry of Health with army personnel, and at the same time further urgent representations were made to the various Liquidation Boards with regard to a liberal attitude towards Poland in the matter of army supplies available for combating typhus.

Ultimately, the President of the United States and the Secretary of War delegated personnel from the American army to be placed at my disposal for the Polish Ministry of Health and at the expense of the American army. With the intervention of the President, I also arranged with the American Liquidation Board to sell several million dollars’ worth of supplies and material at a nominal figure to the Polish Government, and I undertook for the Relief Administration to secure the expenses of transportation.

Our British colleagues arranged also to secure appropriation for a large quantity of medical supplies and the transfer of certain Army equipment to the Polish Ministry of Health, and have now arranged for further contributions from the British Red Cross. A note on these supplies is being furnished by the British Delegates.

Colonel H. L. Gilchrist, of the American army, has been delegated, together with a personnel of some 500 members, to proceed to Poland to assist the Polish Government. The following officers have been detailed for the expedition:—

• Colonel H. L. Gilchrist, M. C, in charge.
• Lieut.-Col. H. H. Snively, M. C.
• Lieut.-Col. L. R. Dunbar, M. C.
• Major V. H. de Somoskeoy, M. C.
• Major Willis E. Talbo, M. C.
• Major Charles M. Bollman, M. C.
• Major Francis M. Fitts, M. C.
• Major Walter F. von Zelinski, M. C.
• 1st Lieut. F. B. Gryczka, M. C.
• Captain Fred Pumphrey, S. C.
• Captain J. G. Strobridge, Cavalry.
• Major A. W. Kipling, A. S. Major Cranford Blangden, Infantry.
• Captain Clyde H. Morgan, C. A. C.
• Captain H. Y. Stebbins, F. A.
• 2nd Lieut. William A. Stack, M. T. C.
• 2nd Lieut. J. J. Skaggs, M. T. C.

The principle underlying these arrangements has been in accord with policies of the Council in all of its measures; that is, to build up and strengthen existing Government departments among the new Governments rather than to impose authority over them. Any other measures must be short lived, and the only hope of permanent solutions is by the development of local efficiency.

As a matter of record I enclose herewith copies of the more essential documents that have passed in this connection.

Herbert Hoover

July 30, 1919.

[Enclosure]

(A) The League of Red Cross Societies, Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland

Paris, June 1, 1919.

Meeting Between Mr. Hoover, Chairman of Supreme Economic Council Committee, Dealing With Epidemics in Eastern Europe, and Mr. Cutler, Sir David Henderson, and Mr. Persons, of the League of Red Cross Societies

1. The only supplies under the influence of the Economic Council are those in possession of the various Allied armies, and any supplies provided from these sources for the operations of the Red Cross must be charged against the countries in which they are expended.

2. The League is to endeavour to ascertain from the American and British armies whether the supplies asked for are available.

3. The League to arrange direct with the Polish Government the conditions under which operations are to be undertaken. Mr. Hoover has asked the Polish Minister of Health to come to Paris, and will put him in communication with the League.

4. If the operations of the League should extend to countries other than Poland, the necessary financial adjustment can be made locally.

5. Mr. Persons may refer to Mr. Hoover for further information.

(B) Memorandum From Minister of Public Health of Poland to Mr. Hoover

Paris, June 15, 1919.

Having come to Paris on your telegraphic invitation, I have held several meetings with representatives of the League of Red Cross Societies according to your desire. The final result of these conferences is such that the League refuses all help except for the assistance in recommending 50 doctors and 100 sanitarians and nurses to be engaged by the Polish Government, but the salaries of this staff quite apart from high travelling expenses are so much in excess of the average pay of our own personnel that we shall be able to engage but a few of the League’s candidates.

The representatives of the League have declared their willingness in principle to take part in the action of establishing a sanitary cordon on the Eastern frontier of Poland if called upon to do so by an international governmental sanitary commission, the Governments concerned bearing all the expenses of the action, and taking all the responsibility for any such action. But no such commission exists at present, and in the meantime people are dying of typhus in Poland, our epidemiologists are falling victims to the disease in protecting the whole of Western Europe from the further spread of the epidemic, while here all the time there are experienced people as well as means to fight the terrible scourge. The summer period is the only season of the year when the action may be conducted successfully. The carrying into effect of this action on a big scale surpasses the ability of our own Government, and it is fair to ask that the campaign conducted in the interests of the whole West should be materially assisted by the Western Government.

Being now thrown back entirely on our own for the whole programme of the campaign, we ask only that the Supreme Economic Council sell to us at reduced prices the supplies indispensable for an effective campaign and specified in the Second Annexe of the attached Memorandum⁵ on the plan of an anti-typhus campaign in Poland, page 13, the reduction of prices representing the actual participation in the cost of the undertaking on the part of the interested Governments.

(C) Cablegram to the Secretary of War

Paris, July 11, 1919.

Honourable Newton D. Baker,
Secretary of War.

Epidemic of typhus in Poland can only be solved by aid of United States. Our Army has special disinfectation equipment no longer needed in France. On approval of the President General Pershing has ordered the officers detailed to Poland for a few months to co-operate with Polish Government. The Army has sold to the Polish Government a portion of the equipment not feasible for return to the United States. Usefulness of officers and equipment will be nil unless trained enlisted men belonging to this particular service are also detailed for Poland. Since the Commanding General has no power to detail enlisted men which lies in the hands of the Secretary of War, we urge for the sake of a most important international work that you issue orders detailing to Poland the trained enlisted men now serving under Colonel H. L. Gilchrist in France. This plan in aid of Poland was discussed with the President and has his approval. It would be possible to secure that these men volunteer for the service if they can be kept on the army pay roll.

Hoover

(D) Copy of a Cablegram From the Secretary of War to General Pershing

Washington, July 14, 1919.

Detail Colonel Gilchrist, necessary officers and 500 enlisted specialists for service in Poland is approved. Enlisted men to be obtained under conditions stated in your cable.

Appendix 253

Rotterdam, July 23, 1919.

[Cablegram From the Rotterdam Food Commission]

Rotterdam Food Commission requests definite instructions to continue or cease functioning addressed officially to it as an Inter-Allied Commission, British and American members have been instructed individually, French have no instructions.

Hocking

Secretary, British Consulate

Appendix 254

Memorandum Prepared by Director-General of Relief for Submission to Council of Five [Regarding] Repatriation of Prisoners of War From Siberia and Elsewhere

It appears that there are some 200,000 German, Austrian and Hungarian prisoners in Siberia, and that these prisoners are suffering greatly and are a constant menace to the Siberian Government. There are also certain Polish prisoners and civilians now scattered all over the world who will require more systematic assistance at repatriation, but there is an entire deficiency of funds with which to pay the incidental expenses. There are probably also other odd lots of expatriates of various nationals [nationalities] as the result of the war who need systematic repatriation. It would appear to me that this problem requires definite organisation, and I should like to submit the following plan in the matter for action by the Council:—

First, that a Commission, comprising a British, French, American and Italian military officer, should be set up and undertake the management of this repatriation. That this Commission should communicate their appointment to the Austrian, Hungarian and Polish and other Governments, and that they should offer to undertake the repatriation, provided funds are placed to their credit in advance by each of the Governments concerned.

It would appear to me that if such a body is set up under capable officers that they would be able to work out a solution in this manner and to secure from the Allied Governments the necessary shipping and other services which would be necessary. They could invite a delegate of each of the Governments concerned to sit with them in respect to the matters which concerned such a Government and they could engage the necessary staff to carry on the work. They would probably need to appeal to the various Allied Governments and to charitable societies for some assistance in respect to prisoners originating from quarters unable to supply these funds, but in any event they would create a centre around which all effort of this kind could be directed.

With the repatriation of the Allied troops nearing completion, it would appear to be an appropriate moment for the creation of such a body. I attach two memoranda on the subject indicating the volume of the problem involved, the first from the British authorities on “Prisoners in Siberia,” the second from the Polish Office for Repatriation.

Herbert Hoover

July 26, 1919.

[Enclosure 1]

Memorandum From British Delegates Respecting Ex-Enemy Prisoners of War in Siberia

There are about 200,000 German, Austrian and Hungarian prisoners of war in Siberia. They are in a destitute condition, and it is considered essential, both on humanitarian and political grounds, that food and clothing should be supplied to them. The representatives in Siberia of the Danish and Scandinavian Red Cross Societies have undertaken to carry out the work if they are supplied with funds, estimated at 100,000l. a month. The Austrian Government have offered to provide the funds for their nationals, and the British Foreign Office stated on the 24th June that the Hungarian Government stated that they were unable to contribute to the expenses, but asked that notwithstanding the relief should be carried out.

It is suggested that the best way to deal with the problem (which has now become a very pressing one) would be to ask the Director-General of Relief to approach the Red Cross authorities in order that they may make the necessary arrangements to receive the contributions of the Austrian and Hungarian Governments, and to carry out such measures of relief as are possible with the finance thus made available.

It is possible that on reconsideration the German Government would also consent to provide the necessary finance. It may be mentioned that the Austrian representative who deals with this matter is at present at St. Germain.

It is suggested that the Red Cross representatives should be informed that the Allied Governments will permit the necessary remittances to be made by the ex-enemy Governments concerned, and will facilitate the relief measures undertaken as far as possible.

S. D. Waley

July 17, 1919.

[Enclosure 2]

Memorandum on Polish Repatriation by Stanislaw Gawronski up to the 1st June, 1919

In reply to your esteemed communication of the 11th July, I hasten to communicate to you:

1. The approximate figures of Polish subjects in foreign countries awaiting repatriation.

2. The number of foreigners actually in Poland whom it is necessary to repatriate.

3. The number of foreign prisoners of war, interned civilians, refugees and workpeople which the Central Polish Repatriation Office has transported across Polish territory at Polish national expense.

I.

From the figures possessed by the Central Office for repatriation of prisoners, interned civilians and refugees at Warsaw, the following Poles still await repatriation in foreign countries:—

1. Germany, in which is included the occupied territories and the provinces recaptured by France:

(a) 15,000 to 20,000 Polish prisoners of war, the vast majority of which are invalids, wounded and sick (Polish Consul-General, Berlin).

(b) About 600,000 Polish workers interned in Germany during the war and taken by force during the German occupation of Polish territory formerly belonging to Russia.

Germany: Total between 615,000 and 620,000.

This figure does not include interned civilians and workers, formerly Russian subjects in Posnania, and the Polish subjects of foreign nationalities (Lithuanians, Ruthenians, Jews, &c.), of which the Central Repatriation Office has not adequate figures.

2. Russia: Prisoners of war who were formerly soldiers in the Russian army, who have been evacuated by force from the Polish territory formerly belonging to Russia and occupied by Germany during the war:—

(a) Russia in Europe, in which is included the Ukraine and the Don country. The figures which are obtainable at the moment, having in view the state of war with the Bolshevists and the absolute lack of communications, are very incorrect. Taking as a basis the original figures obtained by the Polish poor relief organisations which functioned in the territory of the Russian Empire during the war, and deducting the number of repatriated people up till the 1st June, a certain number who enlisted in the Allied armies in Russia, and those who have already gone over the Hungarian and Roumanian frontiers, there remain in Russia in Europe between 165,000 and 180,000 Poles to be repatriated.

(b) Siberia: About 40,000. These figures come from Polish organisations in Siberia, and are confirmed by various Allied and neutral missions.

(c) Caucasus and Turkestan: About 20,000 (Polish organisations).

(d) Finland, Murmansk, Archangel: 3,000 (Polish Delegates at Archangel).

(e) Baltic provinces: About 3,000 (idem).

Russia: Total between 231,000 and 246,000.

3. Austria: Between 20,000 and 25,000, of which 17,000 are registered by the Polish Mission at Vienna as being in that city or its immediate environs.

4. Hungary: About 30,000, of which 20,000 registered at Budapest by Major Tabaszymsky of Colonel Vix’s Military Mission as coming from the south-eastern provinces of Russia.

5. Roumania: About 60,000 from the south-eastern provinces of Russia (Polish Mission at Bucharest).

6. Serbia: At least 6,000, of which the condition is most deplorable (Special Polish Mission).

7. Albania: About 3,000 (Special Polish Mission).

8. Greece: About 1,000 (Special Polish Mission).

9. Jugo-Slavia: About 2,000 (Special Polish Mission).

10. Turkey, Europe and Asiatic: Between 10,000 and 15,000 (Special Polish Mission).

11. Denmark: 1,000.

12. Holland: 1,000.

13. England: 3,000.

14. Italy: 5,000 (Polish Consul-General at Rome).

15. France: In which is included the English and American camps, between 15,000 and 20,000 prisoners of war and between 10,000 and 12,000 workers and refugees, in which are included the refugees from Odessa brought by sea to Marseilles.

Recapitulation

(1.) Germany			615,000 to	620,000
(2.) Russia			231,000 to	246,000
(3.) Austria			20,000 to	25,000
(4.) Hungary		(about)		30,000
(5.) Czecho-Slovakia		”		2,000
(6.) Roumania		”		60,000
(7.) Serbia		”		6,000
(8.) Albania		”		3,000
(9.) Greece				1,000
(10.) Turkey			10,000 to	15,000
(11.) Denmark		(about)		1,000
(12.) Holland		”		1,000
(13.) Italy		”		5,000
(14.) England		”		3,000
(15.) France			25,000 to	32,000
	Total Polish subjects, prisoners of war, interned civilians, and refugees awaiting repatriation (in round figures)		1,010,000 to	1,050,000

In this figure of between 1,010,000 and 1,050,000 are not included the Polish subjects of foreign nationalities from the German provinces allotted to Poland by the Peace Treaty. The number of these Polish subjects is not very large, but they must be taken into consideration when arranging the repatriation of Polish subjects who are prisoners of war in the French, English, and American prisoner of war camps.

II.

The number of foreigners in Poland whose repatriation is necessary, and, indeed, urgent, is difficult to formulate. It increases from day to day. Above all there are the Russian subjects fleeing before the Bolshevists and placing themselves under Polish protection after having passed the Polish Bolshevist front. These refugees arrive with their wives and children in a deplorable state, ragged, verminous, starving, bringing with them every sort of disease. Among these there are many Bolshevist agents who, under the pretext of fleeing before the Bolshevists, penetrate into Polish territory in order to carry out dangerous Bolshevist propaganda. Apart from these, and in spite of the Allied order forbidding Germany to repatriate Russian prisoners of war across Polish territory, there are constantly arriving from Germany prisoners who are Russian subjects, who, having in view the lack of forces to guard the Polish frontier, cross this frontier on foot and disseminate themselves little by little in Polish territory. The number of these men vary from between 500 and 2,000 per week. The numbers have greatly diminished during the last few weeks. These prisoners of war, who are Russian subjects, are also without any means of existence, and naturally they have to be lodged and fed at the expense of the Polish Government. The number of Russian subjects actually on Polish territory can be said without exaggeration to be between 250,000 and 300,000. The larger part of these prisoners are Russian subjects, but among them is a large number of Jews and Ukrainians, and also small parties of White Russians, Lithuanians, and others. Having in view the lack of provisions, the lack of medical requirements and disinfectants, the absolute lack of linen and clothes, the absolute lack of means of transport, and the lack of work, all these people without resources or means of existence are a heavy burden on the Polish Government, and present a real danger from the moral and medical point of view, not only for Poland, but for the whole of Western Europe in general.

III.

The number of foreign prisoners of war recorded as having passed through Polish territory from November 1918 to the 1st June 1919, at the expense of the Polish Government, is stated below:—

(1.) Russians		481,171
(2.) Germans		7,640
(3.) Lithuanians		5,930
(4.) Ukrainians		14,235
(5.) French		1,549
(6.) Serbians		524
(7.) Hungarians		19,792
(8.) Italians		1,266
(9.) Bulgarians		171
(10.) Czechs		10,427
(11.) Roumanians		1,865
(12.) Austrians		6,583
(13.) English		62
(14.) Belgians		17
(15.) Americans		5
(16.) Turks		871
(17.) Various		3,050
	Total	555,158

This total of 555,158 foreign prisoners is very much below the actual figure, as the Central Repatriation Office did not at first take into account the foreign prisoners of war transported by Galicia, and consequently figures were lacking. Immediately after the Armistice, on account of internal troubles in Germany and the withdrawal of Austrian authorities from Polish territory, the number of foreign prisoners of war in Polish territory was so large that tens of thousands of Russian, German, and Austrian prisoners of war were transported from east to west and from west to east of the Polish frontiers without being recorded on account of the impossibility of exercising control. It would be perfectly just and not an exaggeration to augment the total of 555,158 by at least 150,000.

St. Gavronsky

Appendix 255

Paris, June 28, 1919.

Memorandum From the Roumanian Delegation Regarding the Administration of the Danube

M. le Président: I have the honour to enclose herewith a memorandum on the situation created in Roumania by the measures adopted by the Supreme Council of the Allied Armies regarding the administration of the Danube.

Bratiano

To the President of the Inter-Allied
Supreme Economic Council.

[Enclosure]

Memorandum on the Situation Created in Roumania by the Measures Adopted by the Supreme Council of the Allied Armies Regarding the Administration of the Danube

(A) Pre-war Situation.

The Paris Treaty of 1856⁶ created two institutions to guarantee the principle of liberty of navigation on the Danube consecrated by this Treaty:

(1) The European Commission on the Mouths of the Danube.

(2) The Riverside Commission.

The first Commission was of a purely technical character, its mandate expiring on the conclusion of work on the mouths of the Danube.

This Commission was instituted at a time when Roumania had not the necessary means at her disposal, when the Danubian Principalities found themselves under the rule of Turkey, and when none of the riverside countries—Turkey and Russia—took any interest at all in the improvement of navigation necessary to the interests of Europe.

The mandate of this Commission was repeatedly extended until 1878, when, by the Berlin Treaty,⁷ power was also granted to the Commission to organise the portion of the river between Galatz and the sea, independently of the territorial authorities.

These repeated extensions clearly indicate the provisional character of the Commission.

Roumania assisted the Commission to the best of her ability in its task of improving navigation and endeavoured to ensure, through the medium of her agency, that complete freedom in navigation for all nations was effected; but when they struck at her territorial dominion she always protested.

With regard to the second Commission, the Riverside Commission, it has not been able to function effectively owing to the antagonism which existed between International European interests and the egotistical interests of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.

Roumania, however, independently of the monopolising tendencies of Austria-Hungary and working for the common good, has made important sacrifices for the improvement of navigation up-stream from Galatz to the Portes-de-Fer; she has created an important merchant fleet and has occupied the first place in riverside traffic. Thus, for instance, in 1910, the river traffic of Roumania figured at 5,837,000 tons against 5,093,000 tons of Hungary and 8,785,000 tons of other riverside countries as a whole.

Further, Roumania for the improvement of navigation and ports, and without levying any navigation tax whatever, spent on technical work more than 115,000,000 fr.

These important sacrifices have even been recognised by her enemies.

The situation of Roumania as regards the Danube was well determined by the assistance given to the European Commission in the fulfilment of its duty of improving navigation at the mouths of the Danube, by its work of improving navigation up-stream from Galatz, carried out by her own means in the common interest, by the free movement of her trading ships, liberty of navigation ensured for all by the intervention of the Police and the application of rules for navigation in her ports and her territorial waters.

(B) Situation During the War.

War was responsible for a general upheaval of the organisations established in the general interest of navigation, and resulted in a relative stagnation in the regular functioning of these organisations.

Thus a portion of the vessels and apparatus of the different services of the Danube was, during our retreat, evacuated on the lower part of the river, but the greater portion of the boats and installations of the State was scuttled, destroyed or transferred to the higher part of the river by the enemy.

After the occupation of a part of Roumanian territory by the enemy, the Danube up-stream from Braila was administered by an enemy organisation called the Zentral-Transport-Leitungsschiff, who adopted the old programme of Austria-Hungary of acquiring complete economic and political authority on the Danube.

With regard to the portion of the Danube down-stream from Braila to the sea, Roumania, as a result of her policy to respect the right of free navigation for all, undertook the care of all apparatus and installations of the European Commission at the mouths of the Danube; she did all in her power to save them from falling into the hands of the Russians and advanced important sums of money for the payment of the Staff and the upkeep of the Commission’s ships.

During the war and during the Armistice Roumania cancelled the protection of this institution, continuing as far as her technical means permitted the maintenance of her works at the mouths of the Danube.

(C) Situation During the Armistice.

When the Armistice was signed, the enemy forces, in their retreat, destroyed and transferred to the higher part of the Danube all that was transferable, so that after the Armistice Roumania was only able to place at the disposal of the Danube navigation much reduced facilities, owing to the disappearance of a large part of her ships and to the temporary disorganisation of her special pre-war services.

The Allied armies entering the country and advancing towards the upper part of the Danube, it was necessary to adopt military measures in order to expedite transports by water and by land necessary for the revictualling of the troops spread over the different areas of the left bank of the river.

The first result of the military administration was the division of the Danube into two sectors: that of the Upper Danube—commencing at Orsova and going towards the high part of the Danube, placed by the Allies under the command of Admiral Troubridge; and that of the Lower Danube from Orsova to Sulina, under the command of Captain de Belloy, acting for the Allies.

Later on this first organisation was altered as follows:—

(1) The placing of the Portes-de-Fer Canal, for the passage of vessels, under the control of Admiral Troubridge, and using the Hungarian personnel and material available.

(2) The subdivision of the first sector of the Upper Danube into two new sectors, the division operating from Bala.

As a result of complaints made by the American Relief Mission against the functioning of the services of the Lower Danube, the English Mission being in sympathy with them, a Conference was held at Paris and the following decisions were reached:—

(1) The military transports will continue to function as in the past.

(2) The civil and commercial transports will be under one control only for the whole river.

(3) A Commission will be created to undertake the exercise of control and the elaboration of a common law for all the sectors.

This control Commission should possess, in accordance with the instructions of the French General Staff, the following functions:—

(a) To facilitate the traffic of the relief and trading vessels, in granting permits available in all sectors.

(b) To ensure the upkeep of the boats and their supplies of fuel and oils wherever necessary.

(c) To improve as rapidly as possible the means of communication and liaison between the commanders of the various sectors or their representatives.

For the time being the President of the Commission will be Admiral Troubridge, and the French representative Captain de Belloy.

The question of navigation on the Danube as well as on the other rivers giving access to the sea to several States has been discussed at length by the Special Commission instituted at Paris for formulating the clauses of the Treaty of Peace.

The principles established on the basis of these discussions are those of complete liberty and equality for all flags on rivers declared to be international, the Danube having been declared as such on all her navigable course from Ulm to the sea (Articles 331 and 332 of the Peace Treaty with Germany).

This special Commission of International régime of ports and communications by sea and land, working on the basis of the mandate of the Supreme Council has occupied itself specially in considering to the minutest detail the Danube régime, prescribing the special principles mentioned in the Treaty of Peace, such as:—

(1) The European Danube Commission, in which the representatives of Great Britain, France and Roumania only will take part provisionally, will exercise the powers it had before the war (see Article 346).

(2) Starting from the point outside the sphere of the European Commission the network of the waters of the Danube set forth in Article 331 (i. e., the Danube from Ulm to the sea and all the navigable parts of the network of waters giving a natural access to the sea to more than one State) will come under the administration of an International Commission composed of two representatives of the German riverside States, one representative of each riverside State, one representative of each State other than riverside, represented in the future on the European Danube Commission (Article 347).

This Commission will meet as soon as possible after the ratification of the Treaty of Peace (Article 348), and will have under its charge the provisory administration of the river according to Articles 332–337 of the Peace Treaty with Germany until a special Commission composed of Delegates of the Allied and Associated countries will have worked out a definite statute on the régime of the Danube.

From what has been stated as well as from discussions which took place at the Commission, and which were reported in the minutes of the different meetings, it will be seen that up to the time when a general statute of the Danube régime is established, the pre-war situation must be re-established, both as regards the European Commission on the mouths of the Danube, exception being made of enemy powers, and also as regards Roumania and the higher part of the Danube where the privileges of the Commission end.

The privileges accorded in the last few months by the Navigation Control Commission on the Danube are distinct from the purely military measures of supply, which have been reduced to a minimum since the Allied troops in the West are now only composed of French contingents in these regions which still remain on the old Hungarian territory.

These privileges extend on the contrary to Danube trade in general and by means of navigation permits they touch upon the principle of freedom of navigation on the Danube, declared an international river, a principle also consecrated by the Treaty of Peace.

To reconcile the principles of freedom and equality created by the Peace Treaty, the rights of Roumania before the war, with the supply requirements of the Allied armies, it is to the common interest of all to harmonise the administrative measures of navigation on the Danube until such times as a definite statute has been fixed, in such a way that while respecting the principles consecrated by the Treaty of Peace the interests of the Allied riverside countries may also be protected.

Consequently Roumania requests that the following measures should be adopted:—

(1) The Roumanian State will be endowed with its former pre-war rights and will re-establish the regime of freedom of trade on the Danube, firstly for the Allied States under the reservations brought about by the state of war and the situation created by the enemy.

In order that Roumania may restart her activities on the Danube, the Allied States Command should restore to Roumania all the vessels transferred by the enemy above the Portes-de-Fer.

(2) The régime of complete liberty on the Danube which existed before the war for the flags of all the Allies should be re-established, until such time as the establishment of a definite regime by the Commission appointed by the Treaty of Peace.

The execution of the measures could be made:—

(a) By the assistance which Roumania could give to the Allies in putting the necessary transports at their disposal, but at the same time respecting the right for liberty of trade before the war.

(b) By the limitation of the privileges of the American, English, and French Mission on the Danube to the provisioning of the Allied armies.

(c) The co-ordination of the Roumanian transport service with the regime and traffic in waters of other States (enemy) in the occupation of the Allies will be made by the co-operation of a Roumanian Delegate on American-Anglo-French Commission, and of a representative of this Commission to the Roumanian State.

As regards police and navigation laws, they will be those which existed before the war.

The Roumanian Delegation hopes that the requests she has formulated will be favourably considered, and that the principles of liberty and equality in navigation on the Danube as well as the rights acquired by a sovereign and Allied State will be recognized without any difficulty by the great Allied and Associated Powers.

Appendix 256

Greek Delegation to the Peace Conference
Paris, July 21, 1919.

Letter From the Greek Delegation Regarding Seizure of River Craft

The President
of the Supreme Economic Council,

During the enemy occupation of Roumania a large number of units of the river fleet belonging to Greek subjects, namely, tugs, lighters, &c., were sent to the Upper Danube, where they were retained by the enemy.

These units were, after the Armistice, considered by the French Naval Mission as prizes of war. The French Mission, however, declared to the representative of Greece in Roumania that after verification of their nationality they would be returned to their owners. This measure, which had already begun to be executed, has just been reported on by the same French Naval Mission which has made a declaration to the Greek Minister that it has referred the question for decision to the Supreme Economic Council in Paris.

The Greek Minister of Foreign Affairs has the honour to acquaint the President of the Supreme Economic Council with the preceding facts, at the same time asking him to be good enough to submit the question to the Supreme Economic Council in order that the necessary instructions may be given to the French Naval Mission in Roumania to ensure that these boats which have already been sequestrated by the enemy for some considerable time should be restored to their owners.

Appendix 257

Note for the Supreme Council of Heads of Governments [Regarding] Resumption of Communications With Germany

The Special Council, instructed by the Supreme Economic Council, to study the question of the re-establishment of postal relations with Germany, has arrived unanimously at the following decisions which are submitted for the approval of the Supreme Council of the Heads of Governments.

(1) The post offices of the Allied and Associated countries are authorised to enter into direct relations with the German post office for the immediate re-establishment of postal relations as far as ordinary and registered letters, as well as parcel posts, are concerned.

(2) The question of transit through Germany for postal correspondence shall be examined by the ensemble of the Allied and Associated Delegates with the German Delegation at Versailles.

(3) The telegraph offices of the Allied and Associated Powers are authorised to enter into direct relations with the German telegraph office for the provisional re-establishment of telegraphic and telephonic communications.

*(4) The public shall be notified as soon as possible that the postal and telegraphic relations with the non-occupied part of Germany are resumed under the following conditions:—

(a) Commercial correspondence can be sent under sealed cover.

(b) Private correspondence can be sent only by postal card.

(c) The above categories of correspondence may be registered.

(d) Telegrams must be written in plain language, and only in French, English, Italian, and German.

(e) Each administration shall announce later the conditions under which the telephonic service shall be resumed.

(5) The services of postal and telegraphic control shall be informed of the above decisions so that they may take in due time the measures which they shall deem necessary.

(6) In submitting to the Supreme Council of the Heads of Governments the above proposals, the Special Council recommends that the resolution of the Communications Section concerning the immediate re-establishment of the international railroad service with Germany be adopted, so as to make the lifting of the blockade effective, and that the Governments concerned be instructed to execute said resolutions.

Seydoux

Chairman of Special Committee

July 18, 1919.

Appendix 258

Decision by Supreme Council of Principal Allied and Associated Powers [Regarding] Resumption of Communications With Germany⁸

It was decided that the whole question, together with the subsidiary question of parcel post and money orders, raised by the British Delegation, should be put on the Agenda for the following day.

The proposals of the Special Committee were modified in two respects, and were provisionally approved, as follows:—

“(4) The public will be notified as soon as possible that postal and telegraphic relations with non-occupied Germany will be reopened under the following conditions:—

• “(a) Commercial ‘and private’ correspondence can be sent closed.
• “(b) The above-mentioned correspondence can be registered.
• “(c) Telegrams should be written en clair and only in the following languages: French, English, Italian, German, or ‘Japanese.’
• “(d) Each administration will later publish the conditions under which telephone service will be restarted.”

July 28, 1919.

Appendix 259

Memorandum of the French Delegation Concerning Inter-Allied Control of Foodstuffs

1. It had been hoped that the restoration of peace would allow the different Allied and Associated Governments to suppress State control and the regulations set up during the war.

These national and Inter-Allied organisations were set up exclusively for war purposes, in order to ensure co-operation and mutual aid between nations with a view to defeating the enemy.

The maintenance of national control in peace time only has the effect of allowing certain countries to create for themselves a privileged economic situation compared with other countries.

This state of affairs is liable to create friction between countries, renders impossible any idea of international credits, and discourages work and production.

In principle, therefore, we must desire the speediest possible abolition of all such control.

2. It cannot however be doubted that the war is not yet completely over, that the supplies of some commodities are still less than requirements, that tonnage is insufficient to satisfy the demands made on it, and that commerce cannot fulfil its normal role of ensuring supplies.

States must therefore themselves for some time to come ensure the supply of their populations; but they must do so as a measure of liquidation of the state of war.

3. This being admitted, it is necessary that as long as these national controls last there should be Inter-Allied and even international co-operation, so as to avoid a competition between States which would be injurious both to their finances and to their mutual relations.

We therefore propose that an organisation should be maintained in order to co-ordinate national controls as regards wheat, frozen meat, sugar, and various foodstuffs in European countries.

E. V.

July 30, 1919.

Appendix 260

[Memorandum by the Italian Delegation Regarding the] Coal Situation in Italy

The Italian Delegation has very little to add to what has been repeatedly said regarding the coal situation in Italy. Suffice it to say that, incredible though it may seem, the situation is even worse than it was, and that everything points to a still worse time to come. The railway service is again being reduced, privately-owned coal is being commandeered, and, despite the fact that 500,000 men are already unemployed, strikes are being organised artificially in the most important coal-consuming industries in order to camouflage the situation.

The following features of the case deserve special consideration:

I.

Just recently England has decided to cut down her coal exports to Italy by 56 per cent.^* and in an almost equal measure, if not less, to France. Quite apart from the unpleasant effect of such drastic measures (for which, of course, many sound and good reasons can be found), when taken so suddenly and without any previous consultation with the importing countries, it is quite apparent that an equal reduction of exports to France and to Italy leads to quite unequal results, because while France imports only a supplement to her home production, Italy must import from abroad the whole of her coal requirements.

Furthermore, the longer voyage from America reacts in such a way as to make American coal more available to France than to Italy.

It is therefore only fair that the proportion of British coal to be exported to Italy should be increased as compared to that to be exported to France, so as to bring about an equal total deficiency in both countries.

II.

The system of the dual price, one for home consumption and one for export, which has been inaugurated in England, is working against the most vital interests of Italy. The difference between these two prices amounts to almost 30s. per ton. This difference is tantamount to a correspondingly increased import duty on goods of Italian origin imported into England, and to a corresponding protection of British industries as against Italian. In the case of Italy it works out more unfavourably than in the case of France, because of the above-mentioned fact that Italy must import from abroad the whole of her national coal requirements.

III.

The question of German coal for Italy, which was brought up in the last memorandum of the Italian Delegation (see letter from Professor B. Attolico to Lord Robert Cecil),⁹ has been temporarily settled by a friendly understanding between Italy and France, whereby the latter leaves to Italy the import for the incoming month (5th August to 5th September) of 175,000 tons of German coal (which France will be unable to import herself owing to transport difficulties) such understanding to be renewed possibly for the next one or two months.

The Supreme Economic Council is requested to ratify this understanding and also to make a general ruling that until the Reparation Commission is in a position to handle this problem, whatever coal France is unable to draw for herself under the priority established by the Peace Treaty, is to be left to Italy.

IV.

It is, however, incumbent upon the Italian Delegation to point out that, in the course of time, the provisional measures stated under III will not be sufficient.

While the dual price system in England (mentioned under II) protects British industries, the low price of German coal, which is assured to France in priority under the Peace Terms, works automatically as a protection of French industries.

If all these conditions remain unchanged, Italy will be precluded altogether from competitive production, and, therefore, the revival of the economic life of Italy will be rendered impossible. It will be appreciated that Italy can only get on her feet again through work. Industrial work, of course, implies the possibility of profitable production, and just now manufacturers in Italy are beginning to realise that the cost of raw materials, plus freight, plus coal, plus wages, is such as not to allow of any competitive production for export purposes, while production for the home market is rendered so expensive that it reacts on the cost of living in a way to bring about the collapse of the whole economic organism of the country, which is dependent for its existence on low cost of living. Italians are known all over the world as very industrious and hard-working people; but if work is rendered impossible, then life also is impossible. The question is an extremely grave and far-reaching one.^*

V.

Some of the facts above mentioned prove that the question of coal will necessarily remain for many months to come a matter of great international concern, if anything like economic equality, such as will ensure fairly equal chances of working and producing, is to be secured and the foundations of peace maintained.

Those countries which are happy enough to possess coal, other important raw materials and freight, possess something on which not only their own life, but also the life of all other countries depends. Some limitation to the unlimited free use of these resources is necessary if world-life is to be assured.

In no other case, therefore, is international co-operation and mutual help—not mere consultation—so essential as in the case of coal.

B. Attolico

London , July 31, 1919.

Appendix 261

Memorandum From the Director-General of Relief on the Goal Situation in Europe

I desire to again raise to the Council the coal situation in Europe.

Under the direction of the Supreme Council and the Supreme Economic Council, my administration undertook the promotion of production and, so far as possible, to control the distribution of coal during the Armistice in Central and Eastern Europe. A considerable staff has been employed upon this labour, and numerous agreements and undertakings entered upon, involving the old States of Austria, the Balkans, Poland, and to some extent Germany. While the results could not be ideal, they have at least served to maintain sufficient supplies for the transportation of municipal and domestic services necessary to maintain life. With the ending of the Armistice (and this authority) and with the superimposition of the Separation Commission over a considerable part of this problem, the supervision which we have exerted must necessarily cease.

Colonel A. C. Goodyear and Colonel W. G. Atwood of our staff have compiled a summary (see Appendix) of the 1913 production and consumption of the principal countries in Europe (excluding Russia and the Balkan States), and have also conducted a careful enquiry into the probable production during the year 1919, based upon the experience of the first six months of the year. The net result shows that from a production of about 679,500,000 tons in the principal countries in Europe (except Russia) the production in these States has fallen to a rate of about 443,000,000 tons per annum. Of the 1913 production above mentioned, about 614,000,000 tons were consumed in these States (i. e., outside the Balkan States and export markets foreign to Europe). In other words, the production has fallen approximately 236,500,000 tons, or down to 65 per cent, of normal production. The consumption cannot be decreased in this ratio (35 per cent.) upon certain vital consumers, such as transportation and municipal and other essential services, so that a shortage for manufacture and household use must be on a far greater ratio. Beyond this, the very natural tendency of productive countries to reserve a larger degree of their normal consumption will and does result in an undersupply to the non-producing countries far below a 35 per cent, reduction. Furthermore, the summer accumulation against winter use has not been in progress, and therefore the hardships of the coming winter are even further increased.

It seems almost unnecessary to repeat the causes of this diminished production, but they may be again summarised as due to certain specific causes which in fact are much the same in all productive industries.

To a minor degree, compared with the whole, there has been a loss of equipment and skill due to the war; there has been a retardation of advance exploitation during the war; there has been a relaxation of effort as a reflex from the physical exhaustion of large sections of the population through privations and the mental and physical strain of the war; there is a shortage of railway rolling stock for prompt movement from the mines; there has been an unsettlement of political destiny of a number of coalfields by the Peace terms; and, above all, the proper and insistent demand of labour for higher standards of living in the general unbalance of economic conditions has been manifested in repeated strikes and other deterrents to production. Unfortunately, European labour at many points has become infected with the theory that the limitation of effort below physical necessity and the obstruction of labour-saving devices will increase their own comfort and improve their conditions. In turn, the reactions from undue profits earned by proprietors during the war has brought a shock to the theory of private ownership, which has discouraged further investment and consequently a renewed opening of new areas which the maintenance of production demands. All these causes are operating to varying degree in different localities, but their summation is shortage of production below the living necessity of the population of Europe.

With the arrival of a harvest and thus the solution of immediate food pressure, the problem of coal now comes to the front as the greatest menace to the stability and life in Europe. It is a problem domestic to Europe and incapable of solution from the United States. Disregarding all other questions, an additional load of 1,000,000 tons per month on American ports would indeed be a large tax in the face of the trebling of the United States food exports above pre-war normal. Furthermore, even such a tonnage would entail a tax on the world’s shipping that cannot but affect freight rates generally. With a shortage in production of 20,000,000 tons per month a contribution of even double this amount from the United States would be but little help.

The solution of the problem demands, first, increased production and, second, organisation of distribution.

It would perhaps contribute to the first problem if the coal miners and coal owners of all Europe could be brought to a realisation that the fate of European civilisation now rests in their hands to a degree equal to—if not greater than—in the hands of providers of food supplies during the next year.

The solution of the second problem—distribution—is vital if the non-producing States are not to collapse, and in its conduct it should be possible to force the maximum production in those States who are partially supplied.

I urgently recommend that some form of coal control should be set up in Europe with view to the stimulation of production and to secure a distribution that will maintain the essential services upon which economic and political stability must rest. The problem cannot be solved for any one European country alone, but the energies of all must be enlisted and the position of all must be considered. It is purely a domestic problem for Europe.

Herbert Hoover

Appendix

In the figures below the following omissions and assumptions have been made on account of there being no information available:

• Russia and Hungary are not considered.
• Spain: production has so increased since 1913 that local needs can be provided for.
• Bulgaria, Roumania, Turkey, Greece, and Greater Serbia are also omitted from the statistics.

The 1913 coal production and consumption in the other countries of Europe, based as nearly as possible on the boundary lines established by the Peace Treaties, were as follows:—

	Production	Consumption
Austria	2,250,000	12,000,000
Belgium	23,000,000	26,000,000
Czecho-Slovakia*	32,000,000	24,500,000
Denmark		3,785,000
France†	58,000,000	79,000,000
Germany‡	262,000,000	228,500,000
Great Britain	292,000,000	192,000,000
Holland	1,900,000	6,305,000
Italy		11,000,000
Luxemburg		3,800,000
Norway		2,284,000
Poland	8,000,000	15,500,000
Sweden		6,195,000
Switzerland		3,500,000
Total	679,150,000	614,369,000

*Including Ostrau-Karwin (Teschen).

†Including Saar.

‡Including Upper Silesia.

The coal-producing countries, listed below, are now producing at about the following annual rate, the second column being the percentage of 1913 production listed:—

	Production	Percentage
Austria	1,600,000	71
Belgium	19,000,000	83
Czecho-Slovakia	25,000,000	78
France	23,000,000	40
Germany	180,000,000	69
Great Britain	183,000,000	62
Poland	6,000,000	68
Other States in previous tables	5,400,000	Uncertain.
Total	443,000,000	65

Appendix 262

Note on the Future Functions of the Sub-Committee on Germany

The Sub-Committee on Germany was appointed to fulfil three main functions:—

1. To co-ordinate the work of the different sections of the Supreme Economic Council in respect of current economic negotiations with Germany.

2. To centralise communications on current economic negotiations with the German Economic Delegation at Versailles.

3. To give directions in the name of the Supreme Economic Council to the Inter-Allied Rhineland Commission.

As regards Function 1, it is not clear to what extent the work referred to will be covered by the work of the Reparation Commission.

Function 2 disappears with the termination of the Armistice. With special reference to paragraph 1, it could be decided that the work of the Sub-Committee should lapse either (a) when outstanding economic questions are disposed of (see Schedule attached), or (b) when such outstanding questions can be handed over to any body appointed by the Allied and Associated Governments to deal with them. In this connection it should be noted that in the absence of any such body formally constituted, there might be a break in the continuity if the Sub-Committee on Germany were to be dissolved before the creation of a body to take up the work upon which it had been engaged.

Pending the creation of the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission, the Sub-Committee is the body to which the Inter-Allied Rhineland Commission looks for instructions in economic matters. It is to be presumed that the High Commission will be appointed in time to enter upon its duties coincidently with the ratification of the Peace Treaty, by three of the great Allied and Associated Powers, but it should be pointed out:—

(a) That the Allied and Associated Governments have as yet taken no steps to appoint the personnel of the High Commission.

(b) That there are signs that the ratification required may not be so speedy as had been anticipated. In these circumstances it would seem desirable that the Sub-Committee on Germany should continue to fulfil the function of directing the existing Rhineland Commission, on such economic matters as do not come within the scope of the Reparation Commission, until such time as it is replaced by the High Commission.

In the memorandum attached to the Rhineland Convention, and initialled by the Council of Four,¹⁰ it is provided that the High Commission is to be responsible in economic matters to the Supreme Economic Council or whatever body is appointed to take the place of the Supreme Economic Council. It would seem desirable that, at any rate, during the preliminary period of the existence of the High Commission, the High Commission should continue to be responsible to and to take instructions from some Inter-Allied body on such economic matters as do not come within the scope of the Reparation Commission. Expediency alone will suggest that it is not desirable that the preliminary work of the Commission in this respect should be regulated by correspondence between Coblenz and the capitals of the Allied and Associated Powers.

It is therefore suggested that the Sub-Committee on Germany should be empowered to continue whenever necessary to correspond and consult with the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission on such economic matters as may require decision by an Inter-Allied body, and do not come within the scope of the Reparation Commission.

It has been generally assumed that with the lifting of the blockade Germany will be able to obtain through private credits a sufficient supply of food and raw materials to meet her chief needs. The abolition of the Rotterdam Food Commission and the lapse of the Brussels Agreement will produce a situation which would be fraught with grave danger to Europe in the event either of Germany not being able to obtain sufficient quantities of food and raw materials, or of Germany obtaining such quantities at the cost of increased prices in the world market. Such a situation should not be allowed to arise unforeseen. Whilst the Reparation Commission will be concerned solely with forcing Germany to pay reparation, there will almost inevitably be, in the disturbed state of Europe, economic questions affecting the rest of the world and the rest of Europe with which the Reparation Commission is not itself concerned. It may be convenient to have a Sub-Committee so that it might be possible without special formalities to call an informal conference to consider the relations of the German problem with these other problems.

Further, the Reparation Commission will probably not get into full working order for several weeks, during which time events of considerable importance may take place. It is suggested, therefore, that the Sub-Committee should adjourn sine die, so that if it is thought necessary to call it together again at the recommendation of two or more of the Allies it could meet and would report, as the case might be, at the time of its meetings, either to the Supreme Economic Council or to the International Economic Council.

[Enclosure]

Report by the Secretary, Sub-Committee on Germany, on Outstanding Matters Requiring Settlement

Twelfth Meeting.

Reference Minute 88. Recent political developments in the Rhineland.

No reply has yet been received to the Sub-Committee’s memorandum (No. 64)¹¹ to the Council of Heads of States.

Reference Minute 89. Dyestuffs for Czecho-Slovakia, memorandum (No. 66).¹²

No reply has been received from the Dyestuffs Committee of Raw Materials Section.

Thirteenth Meeting.

Reference Minute 97. Diversion of coke for French blast furnaces.

No reply has so far been received from the French authorities in connection with this matter.

Fourteenth Meeting.

Reference Minute 108. Negotiations arising under the Luxemburg Protocol.

An agreement has been reached as regards quantities to be supplied, but the question of prices of minette ore still remains unsettled.

Fifteenth Meeting.

Reference Minute 135. Personnel of the I. A. R. H. C. under the Convention.

Names of High Commissioners to be communicated through various Foreign Offices concerned to Allied Governments concerned.

Sixteenth Meeting.

Reference Minute 143. Trade restrictions on Germany during the period between the raising of the blockade and the coming into force of the Peace Treaty.

The resolutions of the Sub-Committee were referred to the Organisation Committee of the Reparation Commission, which body has so far made no reply.

Seventeenth Meeting.

Reference Minute 148. Organisation under the Convention of the I. A. R. H. C. Memorandum (No. 124)¹² by the Sub-Committee to the Council of Five.

Up to the present this question has not been discussed by the Council of Five.

Eighteenth Meeting.

Points on the agenda.

Appendix 263

July 30, 1919.

[Letter From the] Committee on Organisation of the Commission of Reparation

Mr. President: I beg to inform you that the Committee on Organisation of the Reparation Commission has agreed that the Shipping Section of your Council should be asked to consider a scheme for the repartition of enemy tonnage, and to collect as soon as possible such statistical data as will enable the Reparation Commission to come to a decision with full knowledge.

It is understood that this measure will be provisional, and that the Reparation Commission retains full right to determine what organisation they desire to deal with shipping questions.

I am [etc.]

Loucheur

The President,
Supreme Economic Council, Paris.

Appendix 264

July 28, 1919.

Decision by Supreme Council of Allied and Associated Powers [Regarding the] Use of Adriatic Ports for Serbian Supplies¹³

M. Tittoni said that he would give telegraphic orders that goods destined for Serbia through the port of Fiume should proceed immediately, and that the revictualling of Jugo-Slavia in food, clothes, petroleum and other goods at present waiting at Fiume, should not be hampered by the interruption of communication, as the forwarding of these goods was of vital importance for the army and population of Jugo-Slavia.

Note was taken of M. Tittoni’s declaration regarding the orders given by him three days previously for the resumption of transit by land.

M. Tittoni agreed to the use by the Serbians of Fiume as a port of transit, provided the French base or the Italian commissariat be used exclusively. The choice of either should be left with the Serbians.

Appendix 265

Paris, July 22, 1919.

[Letter From the] Greek Delegation to the Peace Congress [Regarding] Greek Stocks in Russia

The Greek Minister of Foreign Affairs has the honour to bring to the notice of the President of the Supreme Economic Council that large stocks of tobacco and other goods of a total value of over 50 millions belonging to Greek merchants, are held up at Crimean ports. On the other hand, the Greeks who have remained in South Russia are threatened with famine, and it is a matter of great urgency that provisions and merchandise of the first necessity should be furnished for them. It would be necessary, in consequence, that the permits required by the Allied Naval Authorities at Constantinople should be granted to certain Greek steamers to enter the Black Sea on their way to Crimean ports. These ships which would be loaded with provisions and goods of the first importance could, on their return journey, transport in whole or in part the stocks of merchandise mentioned above.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs has the honour to beg the President of the Supreme Economic Council to be good enough, in taking into account the large Greek interests which are threatened, and the urgency of supplying the Greek inhabitants of the Crimea, to submit this question to the Supreme Economic Council in order that instructions in this sense may be forwarded to the Naval Command at Constantinople.

The President,
Supreme Economic Council.

Appendix 266

Memorandum From Director-General of Relief [(Hoover) Giving a] Forecast of Situation in Bread Grains

The present date gives the last opportunity for pre-harvest forecast. The next available figures will be harvest data, of little additional value until the 1st September. Wheat has continued to deteriorate in the United Kingdom. It has not improved in France and Italy. Bread grains have improved in Germany and Hungary, and have held their own in Czecho-Slovakia. Bread grains have held their own in the south-east, but the maize is so retarded, the conditions so poor and the climatic prospects, on the basis of experience, so unfavourable that we must fear a maize crop so small as to exclude the possibility of exportation of any material amount of wheat. Crops in Denmark and Sweden are stated to have improved and with regular heavy carry-overs, their import requirements will tend to be lower.

The condition of spring wheat in the United States and Canada has deteriorated so rapidly and so gravely as to have reduced the figure for exportable surplus from North America very heavily. The conditions for the new crop in India are favourable, in the Argentine unfavourable. The margin of safety between import demands and exportable surplus has been notably narrowed during the past month.

July 24, 1919.

[Enclosure]

Final Pre-Harvest Forecast, July 20

Bread Grains

[Thousands of Tons.]

Country	Crop Ex-Seed	Minimal Consumption	Maximal Consumption	Minimal Import	Maximal Import
WESTERN EUROPE
United Kingdom	1,500	7,300	8,100	5,330	6,600
France	5,700	7,380	10,350	1,680	4,550
Italy	4,000	7,000	7,200	3,000	3,200
Belgium	340	1,350	2,380	1,010	2,020
Finland	250	650	800	400	550
Norway	30	380	410	350	380
Sweden	710	1,010	1,100	300	390
Denmark	410	540	920	130	520
Holland	470	1,190	1,460	720	990
Switzerland	140	610	680	470	540
Spain	3,780	3,780	3,900		120
Total	17,330	31,190	37,300	13,390	19,860
EASTERN EUROPE
Germany	8,500	11,160	12,230	3,000	4,250
Austria	520	1,350	1,460	810	940
Hungary	1,850	1,800	1,860		210
Poland	4,000	4,860	5,900	800	1,200
Czecho-Slovakia	1,720	2,160	2,780	200	400
Roumania	2,050	1,800	3,240
S. H. S.	1,240	1,350	2,000
Bulgaria	1,160	900	960
Total	21,040	25,380	30,430	4,810	7,000
Grand Total	38,370	56,570	67,730	18,200	26,860

Probable Export Surpluses

	Minimal	Maximal
United States	10,000	11,000
Canada	1,500	2,000
The Plate	2,500	4,000
Australia	2,000	4,000
Total	16,000	21,000

In the event of a good maize yield per average in Roumania, Bulgaria, and S. H. S., they will have between 1,000 and 1,500 for export, but with present maize forecast this is very improbable.

Appendix 267

[Cablegrams From Major Green, Head of the American Mission at Tiflis, to the Director General of Relief (Hoover)]

Copy of Cablegram Sent Mr. Hoover by Major Green, Head of the American Mission at Tiflis

Following from Green, Tiflis:—

“July 23. Long conference with Armenian President to-day. See joint telegram to-day’s date from chiefs American organisations and see despatches sent by French and British. Situation growing worse. Turkish Army well prepared and Tartars advancing from three sides. If military protection is not in Armenia immediately disaster will be more terrible than massacres of 1915, and the Armenian nation will be crushed to everlasting shame of Allied Powers. Predict that relief work will become impossible in present situation unless order is restored. Cannot something be done to have British forces in Caucasus intervene to save Armenia? Please acknowledge by telegraph.

Green, Bristol.”

Copy of Cablegram Sent Mr. Hoover by Major Green, Head of the American Mission at Tiflis

[undated, ][Received July 29, 1919.]

Turks and Tartars advancing. In districts of Karabagh and [Gezus?] they now occupy approximately reopened territory of Russian Armenia. Khalil Bey, Turkish colonel now in command Azerbaidjan Tartars. Relief depots and relief trains surrounded and probably seized. British state orders from above prevent their interfering. Armenian Government and people almost in despair. General mobilisation ordered yesterday taking away men just as harvest begins. We shall not be able to carry on relief work much longer unless British receive orders to clear all Russian Armenia including Karabagh and [Gezur?] of Turk and Tartar forces.

Green, Bristol.

Copy of Cablegram Sent Mr. Hoover From Major Green, Head of the American Mission at Tiflis

[undated, ][Received July 29, 1919.]

Hoover, Paris.

Following from Green, Tiflis. Quote M. U. D. 40 of 26th July:—

“Relief work in Russian Armenia cannot be safeguarded unless European troops are sent to that country. See accurate and conservative report on situation by Moore of the 24th July.

“Your M. U. D. [500] 26 and identic telegram from Clemenceau to French Mission arrived. Garbled but sense sufficiently clear. Note has been sent to Georgian Government by French Mission.

Green, Bristol.”

Appendix 268

Report of July 1, 1919 [of the] Allied Maritime Transport Executive [Regarding] German and Austro-Hungarian Tonnage Assigned to Allied Management During the Armistice

Assignment—Deliveries—Employment

The accompanying tables show, as at the 1st July, the tonnage of German and Austrian steamers delivered to the Allied and Associated Governments, and their employment at that date.

During the month of June, deliveries have continued steadily, and the tonnage in German and Austrian ports due to be delivered under the Armistice has practically all been handed over.

With regard to the tonnage in neutral ports, the delivery of steamers in Holland is well in hand, while that of steamers in Spanish ports is almost complete.

As to steamers in South American and Dutch East Indian ports, delivery has been unavoidably delayed owing to the difficulty of dealing at a distance with complicated questions such as disposal of cargoes on board, repairs, repatriation of crews, &c., but these points are now in course of settlement.

As regards crews, the position continues to be that no difficulty is found in manning the German and Austrian vessels with Allied crews.

July 1919.

[Enclosure]

Contents

A. —German and Austro-Hungarian Tonnage:—

Summarised Tables:—

1. Assignment to Allied Management.

2. Employment.

B. —Austrian Tonnage:—

3. Assignment.

4. Employment.

5. Employment (summarised for May–July 1919).

C. —German Tonnage:—

6. Assignment.

7. Deliveries.

8. Employment.

9. Employment (summarised for May–July 1919).

1.—Assignment of German and Austro-Hungarian Tonnage to Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers of 500 gross tons and over.]

Assignment	Total			Austro-Hungarian			German
	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
Italy—
Long-distance passenger.	25	145,902	144,008	25	145,902	144,008
Other passenger (or Passenger and cargo)	39	81,651	82,375	39	81,651	82,375
Cargo	108	366,058	584,339	108	366,058	584,339
Cable	1	2,691	1,050				1	2,691	1,050
Total	173	596,302	811,772	172	593,611	810,722	1	2,691	1,050
France—
Long-distance passenger.	10	83,046	77,944				10	83,046	77,944
Other passenger (or passenger and cargo)	19	28,013	23,412	13	22,221	23,412
Cargo	104	376,903	599,953	18	52,455	82,681	86	324,448	517,272
Total	133	487,962	701,309	31	74,676	106,093	102	413,286	595,216
Great Britain—
Long-distance passenger.	34	275,043	254,738				34	275,043	254,738
Other passenger	5	6,715					5	6,715
Cargo	196	866,532	1,358,213				196	866,532	1,358,213
Cable	1	4,630	2,000				1	4,630	2,000
Total	236	1,152,920	1,614,951				236	1,152,920	1,164,951
United States—
Long-distance passenger.	18	250,802	188,926				18	250,802	188,926
Long-distance passenger	18	250,802	188,926				18	250,802	188,926
Other passenger (or passenger and cargo)	1	647	780	1	647	780
Cargo	38	200,836	312,379				38	200,836	312,379
Total	57	452,285	502,085	1	647	780	56	451,638	501,305
Belgium—
Cargo	4	8,050	12,800				4	8,050	12,800
Total—
Long-distance passenger	87	754,793	665,616	25	145,902	144,008	62	608,891	521,608
Other passenger (or passenger and cargo)	64	117,026	106,567	53	104,519	106,567	11	12,507
Cargo	450	1,818,379	2,867,734	126	418,513	667,020	324	1,399,866	2,200,714
Cable	2	7,321	3,000				2	7,321
Grand total	603	2,697,519	3,642,917	204	668,934	917,595	399	2,028,585	2,725,322

2.—Employment of German and Austro-Hungarian Tonnage Assigned to Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers of 500 gross tons and over]

Employment,July 1,1919	Total			Austro-Hungarian			German
	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
German relief	117	577,532	919,911	3	7,367	11,275	114	570,165	908,636
Other European relief	82	332,962	510,498	75	309,707	472,849	7	23,255	37,649
Allied importing services	20	74,888	120,520	10	35,528	58,284	10	39,360	62,236
Mediterranean and Adriatic merchant services	44	85,670	94,437	44	85,670	94,437
Allied military and naval services	92	567,535	527,740	45	131,750	154,753	47	444,785	372,987
Total in active service	355	1,647,587	2,173,106	177	570,022	791,598	178	1,077,565	1,381,508
Repairing or refitting	75	302,399	402,513	21	70,325	87,347	54	232,074	315,166
Otherwise unemployed or employment unreported.	33	91,835	135,025				33	91,835	135,025
Total delivered but inactive	108	394,234	537,538	21	70,325	87,347	87	323,909	450,191
Assigned,but not delivered: Total	140	655,698	932,273	6	28,587	38,650	134	627,111	893,623
Grand total assigned to Allied management	603	2,697,519	3,642,917	204	668,934	917,595	399	2,028,585	2,725,322

Note.—The only vessels under 500 gross tons are Austro-Hungarian vessels, principally under Italian management, employed in the Adriatic, aggregating about 20,000 gross tons.

3.—Assignment of Austro-Hungarian Tonnage to Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers of 500 gross tonnage and over.]

Assignment for Management to—	Total			Passenger or Passenger and Cargo			Cargo
	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
Italy	172	593,611	810,722	64	227,553	226,383	108	366,058	584,339
France	31	74,676	106,093	13	22,221	23,412	18	52,455	82,681
Great Britain
United States	1	647	780	1	647	780
Total assigned*	204	668,934	917,595	78	250,421	250,575	126	418,513	667,020

*Including 2 vessels launched and completing, but excluding 12 completed vessels not yet requisitioned.

4.—Employment op Austro-Hungarian Tonnage Under Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers of 500 gross tonnage and over.]

		Total			Italian Management			French Management			British or American Management
		No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
I.	—German relief cargoes–
	From West Africa (Total)	3	7,737	11,275				3	7,367	11,275
II.	—Other European relief cargoes—
	From United States	53	224,395	339,990	52	220,617	333,790	1	3,778	6,200
	“ Plate	18	65,379	103,784	12	40,553	64,634	6	24,826	37,150
	“ Australia	3	17,182	24,325	3	17,182	24,325
	“ West Africa	1	2,751	4,750				1	2,751	4,750
	Total	75	309,707	472,849	67	287,352	422,749	8	31,355	50,100
III.	—Allied importing or other merchant service,other than Mediterranean–
	United States: cargo from Italy	2	7,008	11,755	2	7,008	11,755
	United Kingdom: cargo from Italy	1	1,224	3,579	1	1,224	3,579
	Italy: coal from United Kingdom	4	17,044	27,100	4	17,044	27,100
	Italy: cargo from France	3	10,252	15,850	3	10,252	15,850
	Total	10	35,528	58,284	10	35,528	58,284
IV.	—Mediterranean and Adriatic service—
	Adriatic lines	31	44,652	50,826	31	44,652	50,826
	Other Adriatic trades	3	3,568	5,200	3	3,568	5,200
	Mediterranean lines	10	37,450	38,411	10	37,450	38,411
	Total	44	85,670	94,437	44	85,670	94,437
V.	—Allied military and naval services—
	Italian military services	15	45,482	53,685	15	45,482	53,685
	French military and naval service	18	32,189	39,481				18	32,189	39,481
	British military service	3	16,324	15,225	3	16,324	15,225
	American military service	2	12,692	16,327	2	12,692	16,327
	“ naval service	1	647	780							1	647	780
	Other Allied military service—
	Trooping	5	21,217	24,605	5	21,217	24,605
	Supplies	1	3,199	4,650	1	3,199	4,650
	Total	45	131,750	154,753	26	98,914	114,492	18	32,189	39,481	1	647	780*
VI.	—Reparing or refitting for
	German relief	1	2,321	3,524				1	2,321	3,524
	European relief	10	45,306	62,161	10	45,306	62,161
	Allied importing services	2	5,848	9,483	2	5,848	9,483
	Mediterranean and Adriatic trades	4	5,234	4,636	4	5,234	4,638
	Military or naval service	3	9,739	5,103	2	8,295	3,390	1	1,444	1,713
	Services unassigned	1	1,877	2,440	1	1,877	2,440
	Total	21	70,325	87,347	19	66,560	82,110	2	3,765	5,237
VII.	—Otherwise unemployed or employment unreported—
	Total
VIII	—Assigned, but not yet delivered—
	In other ports	4	13,427	21,150	4	13,427	21,150
	Launched and completing	2	15,160	17,500	2	15,160	17,500
	Total	6	28,587	38,650	6	28,587	38,650
	Grand total of tonnage assigned to Allied management	204	668,934	917,595	172	593,611	810,722	31	74,676	106,093	1	647	780
	Note.—Tonnage unassigned—	9	50,400
	Launched and completing	9	50,400
	On stocks	12	63,220
	In foreign ports	1	4,238
	Subject of enquiry	1	540
	Total	23	118,398

*American management.

5.—Employment of Austro-Hungarian Tonnage Under Allied Management, May-July 1919

[Steamers of 500 gross tons and over.]

	Service	May 1			June 1			July 1
		No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead Weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
I.	—Employed in merchant services—
	German relief							3	7,367	11,275
	European relief—
	North Atlantic cargoes	37	148,341	228,895	51	216,614	327,035	53	224,395	339,990
	South Atlantic cargoes	3	8,989	13,350	10	33,123	51,619	18	65,379	103,784
	Australian cargoes	2	10,105	17,750	3	17,182	24,325	3	17,182	24,325
	West African cargoes				6	16,297	25,899	1	2,751	4,750
	Italian imports	4	13,028	20,679	9	36,059	56,979	7	27,296	42,950
	French imports	1	3,778	6,200
	United Kingdom imports							1	1,224	3,579
	United States imports	3	12,117	19,650				2	7,008	11,755
	Mediterranean and Adriatic services	39	68,403	79,463	45	81,675	95,953	44	85,670	38,411
	Total in merchant services	89	264,761	385,987	124	400,950	581,810	132	438,272	580,819
II.	—Employed in military and naval services—
	Italian military service	15	47,212	57,820	14	44,670	52,685	15	45,482	53,685
	French military or naval service	19	40,260	50,983	20	36,861	45,676	18	32,189	39,481
	British military service	3	16,244	15,280	5	27,596	22,080	3	16,324	15,225
	American military and naval services	6	36,862	37,157	3	13,339	17,107	3	13,339	17,107
	Other Allied military service	6	29,403	33,325	7	31,789	39,885	6	24,416	29,255
	Total in military and naval services	49	169,981	194,565	49	154,255	177,433	45	131,750	154,753
III.	—Not in active service—
	Repairing and refitting for—
	Allied importing services	7	28,122	45,798	2	5,759	9,573	2	5,848	9,483
	Mediterranean and Adriatic trades	9	15,902	17,712	3	4,966	4,120	4	5,234	4,636
	Military or naval service	8	29,118	25,068	3	9,544	5,158	3	9,739	5,103
	Employment unreported	1	520	154
	Total not in active service	58	197,021	285,153	22	73,598	100,272	21	70,325	87,347
IV.	—Assigned,but not yet delivered—
	Launched and completing.	2	15,160	17,500	2	15,160	17,500	2	15,160	17,500
	In foreign ports	7	12,795	39,480	6	22,607	34,980	4	13,427	21,150
	Total assigned, but not delivered	9	40,955	56,980	8	37,767	52,480	6	28,587	38,650
	Grand total	205	672,718	922,685	203	666,570	911,995	204	668,934	861,569

6.—Assignment of German Tonnage to Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers 500 gross tons and over]

Assignment	Total
	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead weight
Long Distance Passenger—
France	10	83,046	77,944
Great Britain	34	275,043	254,738
United States	18	250,802	188,926
Total	62	608,891	521,608
Other Passenger*—
France	6	5,792
Great Britain	5	6,715
Total	11	12,507
Cargo Vessels—
France	86	324,448	517,272
Great Britain	196	866,532	1,358,213
United States	38	200,836	312,379
Belguim	4	8,050	12,800
Total	324	1,399,866	2,200,664
Cable Ships–
Italy	1	2,691	1,050
Great Britain	1	4,630	2,000
Total	2	7,321	3,050
Total—
Italy	1	2,691	1,050
France	101	412,140	595,216
Great Britain	236	1,152,920	1,614,951
United States	56	451,638	501,305
Belgium	5	9,196	12,800
Grand Total	399	2,028,585	2,725,322

*Small passenger vessels—no information is at present available as to the deadweight in the case of these vessels.

7.—Delivery of German Tonnage to Allied Management, July 1, 1919

[Steamers 500 gross tons and over.]

Assignment	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead weight
France-Long Distance Passenger	11	92,201	89,994
Cargo	67	254,987	409,709
Small Passenger	2	2,225	?
Total	80	349,413
Great Britain—
Long Distance Passenger*	31	225,932	224,098
Cargo†	130	595,026	932,318
Small Passenger	2	2,454	?
Cable Ship	1	4,630	2,000
Total	164	828,042
United States—
Long Distance Passenger	10	188,751	127,305
Total	164	828,042
United States—
Long Distance Passenger	10	188,751	127,305
Total	10	188,751	127,305
Total Deliveries—
Long Distance Passenger	52	506,884	441,347
Cargo	197	850,013	1,342,027
Small Passenger	4	4,679	?
Cable Ship	1	4,630	2,000
Grand Total	254	1,366,206

*Including “Chemnitz,” “Dania,” “Steigerwald,” and “Valencia,” 21,418 gross tonnage, originally classed as cargo vessels.

† Including “Cordoba” and “Giessen,” 11,853 gross tonnage, delivered as cargo vessels, but to be employed for repatriation of troops on the outward voyage.

8.—Employment of German Tonnage Under Allied Management, July 1, 1919

(statement of 500 gross tonnage and over.)

Employment		Total			French Management			British Management			American,Italian,or Belgian Management
		No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.		Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
1.	German relief—
	Cargoes from Argentina	45	185,944	301,479	8	35,548	58,724	37	150,396	242,755
	“ “ Canada	6	31,755	53,006	1	3,800	6,553	5	27,955	46,453
	“ “ United States	40	234,264	370,685	10	58,664	94,693	30	175,600	275,992
	“ “ West Africa	11	31,225	49,049	4	12,781	19,274	7	18,444	29,775
	“ “ Australia	12	86,977	134,417	5	32,297	52,972	7	54,680	81,445
	Total	114	570,165	908,636	28	143,090	232,216	86	427,075	676,420
2.	Other European relief—
	Cargoes from France	5	14,097	23,219	1	3,669	5,669	4	10,428	17,550
	“ “ Holland	1	4,174	6,630				1	4,174	6,630
	Russia—cargoes from Canada	1	4,984	7,800				1	4,984	7,800
	Total	7	23,255	37,649	1	3,669	5,669	6	19,586	31,980
3.	Allied importing services—
	Italy—coal from United Kingdom	2	8,775	15,562				2	8,775	15,562
	Egypt—from United Kingdom	1	8,322	12,480				1	8,322	12,480
	United Kingdom—cargoes from Baltic	7	22,263	34,194				7	22,263	34,194
	Total	10	39,360	62,236				10	39,360	62,236
4.	Allied military or naval services—
	French—reparation of troops	6	43,309	40,159	6	43,309	40,159
	British—repatriation of troops	26	187,859	174,323				26	187,859	174,323
	American—reparation of troops	10	188,751	127,305							*10	188,751	127,305
	Other Allied trooping	1	9,155	12,000	1	9,155	12,000
	Naval—
	French navy	3	15,151	19,200	3	15,151	19,200
	British navy	1	560					1	560
	Total	47	444,785	372,987	10	67,615	71,359	27	188,419	174,323	*10	188,751	127,305
5.	Repairing or fitting for—
	German relief
	From Argentina	7	24,720	39,570	1	3,133	5,120	6	21,587	34,450
	From West Africa	2	5,611	8,350				2	5,611	8,350
	From Australia	2	20,324	30,563				2	20,324	30,563
	Other European relief (Poland from France)	1	2,720	4,200				1	2,720	4,200
	Allied importing, &c.—
	United Kingdom from Baltic	2	5,854	8,890	2	5,854	8,890
	Italy from United Kingdom	1	4,496	7,270	1	4,496	7,270
	Allied military or naval services	16	94,529	103,080	4	24,696	24,725	12	69,833	78,355
	Services unassigned	23	73,820	113,243	9	38,603	63,443	11	28,923	39,700	†3	6,294	10,100
	Total	54	232,074	315,166	15	70,928	100,558	36	154,852	204,508	†3	6,294	10,100
6.	Employment unreported—
	En route to Allied ports	6	23,999	39,075	5	19,329	31,475	1	4,670	7,600
	In foreign ports, delivered	24	59,658	83,950	24	59,658	83,950
	Otherwise unemployed	1	1,146		1	1,146
	Employment unreported	2	7,032	12,000	1	3,063	5,300	1	3,969	6,700
	Total	33	91,835	135,025	31	83,196	120,725	2	8,639	14,300
7.	Assigned, but not yet delivered—
	En route to Allied ports	2	6,645	10,800				2	6,645	10,800
	In German ports—
	Due to delivery	26	126,718	130,650	3	2,380		21	104,323	119,400	{	*1	17,324	10,200
												‡1	2,691	1,050
	Damaged	8	34,642	49,206				8	34,642	49,206
	Undamaged	2	5,933	8,265				2	5,933	8,265
	In other ports—
	Undamaged	62	261,818	414,924	14	42,408	64,689	35	155,776	251,513	{	*12	61,878	96,022
												†1	1,756	2,700
	Damaged	33	183,685	267,778							*33	183,685	267,778
	Launched and completing	1	7,670	12,000				1	7,670	12,000
	Total	134	627,111	893,623	17	44,788	64,689	69	314,989	451,184	48	267,334	377,750
	Grand total of tonnage assigned to Allied	399	2,028,585	2,725,322	102	413,286	595,216	236	1,152,920	1,614,951	61	462,379	515,155
	Note.—Passenger tonnage included asbove	71	621,398	521,608	16	88,838	77,944	37	281,758	254,738	18	250,802	188,926
	Tonnage unassigned, but not excepted	120	469,640

*American management.

†Belgian management.

‡Italian management.

9.—Employment of German Tonnage Under Allied Management, May 1–July 1, 1919

(Steamers of 600 gross tons and over.)

Employment	May 1			June 1			July 1
	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight	No.	Gross Tonnage	Dead-weight
German relief	42	218,844	347,640	86	449,613	715,311	114	570,165	908,636
Other European relief	2	5,272	8,550	4	10,428	17,550	7	23,255	37,649
Allied important services	18	103,127	159,455	22	84,565	137,958	10	39,360	62,236
“ military and naval services.	20	204,039	178,252	35	347,501	289,318	47	444,785	372,987
Total in active service	82	531,282	693,897	147	892,107	1,160,137	178	1,077,565	1,381,508
Repairing or refitting for:—
German relief	23	100,713	163,860	12	55,178	83,972	11	50,655	78,483
Other European relief	5	13,217	21,350	1	2,720	4,200	1	2,720	4,200
Allied important services	5	19,029	32,992	8	29,410	45,872	3	10,350	16,160
“ military and naval services	2	15,518	17,642	22	163,603	166,394	16	94,529	103,380
Services unassigned	57	322,220	403,539	14	48,366	75,652	23	73,820	113,243
Employment unreported	7	35,231	47,200	2	7,032	12,000	33	91,835	135,025
Total delivered, but inactive	99	505,928	686,583	59	306,309	388,090	87	323,909	450,191
En route to Allied ports	7	26,907	37,862	5	20,656	30,284	2	6,645	10,800
In German ports, completed	71	267,404	390,167	49	166,109	203,821	36	167,293	188,121
In natural ports	143	642,494	943,898	141	629,045	919,145	95	445,503	682,702
Launched and completing	5	34,618	43,200	3	21,890	24,200	1	7,670	12,000
Total not yet delivered	226	971,423	1,415,127	198	837,700	1,177,450	134	627,111	893,623
Grand Total assigned to Allied Management	407	2,008,633	2,795,607	404	2,036,116	2,725,677	399	2,028,585	2,725,322

Appendix 269

Report No. 3 [of the] Food Section, Freight Committee: Enemy Tonnage Sub-Committee

1. German Tonnage.—Appendix I sets out the position and employment of all German tonnage nominated by the Allied Maritime Transport Executive for food service. The names of vessels given in report No. 2^13a as having arrived at discharging ports have been omitted.

2. Austrian Tonnage.—Appendix II gives similar tables regarding Austrian tonnage.

3. Total Enemy Shipping Directed.—An examination of these appendices shows that the Freight Committee, since it was charged in April by the Supreme Economic Council with the task of utilising to the best advantage the tonnage nominated by the Allied Maritime Transport Executive, has directed no less than 1,800,000 tons of enemy shipping into food service.

4. Priority of Allocation.—Li accordance with the instructions of the Supreme Economic Council priority in the allocation of German tonnage has been given to (1) Germany; (2) Relief; (3) Allies.

5. Deliveries Made and Arranged.—The following deliveries by enemy tonnage have been made or are arranged:—

	German	Austrian	Total
	Tons	Tons	Tons
Germany	446,161	51,750	497,911
Poland	45,247		45,247
Esthonia	21,000		21,000
Finland	14,635		14,635
North Russia	6,477		6,477
Baltic Ports, f. o	31,067		31,067
Roumania		23,482	23,482
Serbia	8,000		8,000
Constantinople	21,913		21,913
German Austria		147,072	147,072
France	28,214		28,214
Italy	27,854	186,108	213,962
United Kingdom	48,574		48,574

Loaded by the United States Food Administration for relief but not yet allocated to discharging ports: 108,050 tons.

Details of the countries of origin are given in Appendix III, together with a statement of enemy tonnage not yet allocated.

6. Germany. Tonnage has been allocated to Germany for all cargo which she has been able to finance. Shipments from United States of America have ceased, and are being arranged from the United Kingdom only to complete existing contracts. From Australia eight cargoes have been offered to Germany, but negotiations between the Australian and German Governments have broken down on the question of finance. The suggestion that one or two cargoes should be sold to Messrs. Whittal at Constantinople is being followed up.

In the Argentine tonnage to cover the Germany purchases from the Compañía Mercantil of 20,000 tons of linseed and 185,000 tons of wheat is arranged subject to the German Government agreeing to take a fair proportion of deliveries through Antwerp.

7. Other Relief. Claims for tonnage put forward by the Supreme Economic Council have been fully met. In accordance with the decision of the Supreme Economic Council tonnage for 30,000 tons of wheat for German Austria will be provided as soon as the purchases are effected.

8. Allies Replacement and Exchanges. In dealing with the balances of tonnage remaining after the claims of Germany and Belief have been fully met, the Freight Committee has adopted the principle of replacing, by the enemy tonnage, tonnage on national service utilised in carrying supplies to enemy countries.

The replacement claims agreed are as follows:—

• To France, 40,000 tons.
• Italy, 146,000 tons.
• United Kingdom, 60,000 tons.

Replacement	to	Italy has been arranged in full.
“	“	France made to the extent of 28,214 tons.
“	“	United Kingdom has been made to the extent of 44,160 tons.

Of the latter amount United Kingdom has ceded to Italy 27,854 tons in order to improve August cereals arrivals in Italy.

By special agreement 19,726 tons of wheat on passage to United Kingdom have been diverted to Poland and replaced to United Kingdom by later German tonnage. Details were given in report No. 2.

Details of the further exchanges and replacements are set out in Appendix IV.

9. No further enemy tonnage (other than for transhipment between European ports) can now be arranged for arrival in Germany before August 31, the date at which the Armistice arrangements expire. No relief programme other than that for German Austria is outstanding, and no claims for tonnage other than for German Austria and for transhipment of American Stores between European ports are before the Committee.

Under these circumstances the Freight Committee has notified the Allied Maritime Transport Executive that it is unnecessary further to continue to nominate enemy tonnage to the Freight Committee, and that the more convenient procedure will be for the Allied Maritime Transport Executive to dispose of the enemy tonnage, the Freight Committee retaining the right to indent upon the Allied Maritime Transport Executive for any further Relief claims that may have to be met.

The work of the Committee, which was based upon the Armistice arrangements, appears to be substantially completed.

F. B. Elliot

Appendix I.—German Tonnage: Position on July 19, 1919

United States

Allocated to United States Food Administration

Arrived

					Metric Tons
Arrived to May 31,Report No. 2					28,046	Rye.
Weissenfels	New York	17/5	Hamburg	4/6	123	Lard.
					2,302	Flour.
					6,487	Pork product
Solfels	Philadelphia	29/5	Bremerhaven	16/6	1,709	Flour
					5,902	Pork product.
					49	Lard.
Erfurt	”	8/6	Hamburg	23/6	6,770	Rye.
					3,573	Rye flour.
Augsburg	New York	10/6	Bremerhaven	2/7	7,427	Rye
					1,923	Beans
					17	Lard.
					548	Rye flour.
					185	Milk.
					52	Peas.
					177	Pork product.
Gertrud	Baltimore	10/6	Emden	27/6	6,773	Rye.
Altenfels	New York	12/6	Hamburg	30/6	8,020	Rye
					40	Pork product.
					362	Cereal flour.
					793	Milk.
Greiffenfels	”	12/6	Brake	3/7	6,919	Rye.
					186	Cereal flour.
					459	Milk.
Franziska	”	12/6	Hamburg	29/6	5,040	Rye.
					1,020	Cereal flour.
					560	Flour.
					277	Beans.
					14	Pork product.
					38	Cornmeal.
					221	Milk.
					3	Peas.
Artemesia	Philadelphia	11/6	”	29/6	5,816	Rye.
					1,668	Rye flour.
					1,668	Rye flour.
Hornfels	”	13/6	Stettin	6/7	1,651	Rye.
					2,118	Rye flour.
					2,118	Rye flour.
Gundomar	New York	19/6	Hamburg	9/7	3,087	Rye.
					20	Lard.
					1,682	Flour.
					28	Barley.
					140	Cornflour.
					179	Milk.
Kybfels	Philadelphia	21/6	”	8/7	2,671	Flour.
					2,859	Rye flour.
Lippe	”	22/6	Bremerhaven	9/7	2,859	Rye flour.
					427	Rye flour.
					2,080	Flour.
Dessau	Boston	24/6	”	10/7	6,865	Rye.
					1,912	Flour.
					1,051	Cornflour.
Waldenburg	Philadelphia	23/6	Homburg	12/7	4,593	Flour.
					3,791	Rye flour.
Gallipoli	”	22/6	”	12/7	5,062	Rye.
					673	Flour.
Isis	New York	1/7	”	18/7	6,067	Rye.
					1,825	Cereal flour.
					495	Flour.
					2,068	Milk.
					833	Beans.
Bermuda	Philadelphia	10/6	”	29/6	6,977	Rye.
					1,992	Rye flour.
Wolfsburg	Baltimore	11/6	Finland	10/7	8,485	Rye.

Arrived May—	Metric Tons
Rye	28,046
Arrived June—
Rye	46,765
Flour	4,571
Rye flour	5,789
Beans	2,200
Peas	54
Cereal flour	1,568
Cornmeal	38
Lard	189
Pork product	12,620
Milk	1,658
Arrived July—	45,268
Rye	16,601
Flour	16,601
Rye flour	11,187
Barley	28
Cornflour	1,191
Cereal flour	1,825
Beans	833
Lard	20
Milk	2,247

Total arrivals—	Metric Tons
Rye	120,079
Flour	21,172
Rye flour	16,976
Beans	3,03
Peas	5
Cereal flour	3,393
Cornmeal	38
Barley	28
Cornflour	1,191
Lard	209
Pork product	12,620
Milk	3,905

On Passage

				Metric tons
Slavonia	Philadelphia	23/6	Libau	4,524	Flour.
				853	Rye flour.
Therese Horn	Baltimore	20/6	”	4,600	Flour.
				930	Rye.
Elbing	Philadelphia	20/6	Batoum	930	Rye.
				2,466	Rye Flour.
Meiningen	”	30/6	Bremerhaven	7,825	Flour.
				1,902	Rye flour
Hanau	New York	4/7	Finland	3,174	Rye
				2,976	Rye flour.
Naimes	Philadelphia	3/7	Batoum	5,378	Rye flour.
				1,853	Rye flour.
				59	Cornflour.
Mannheim	”	10/7	Germany	3,500	Rye.
				2,500	Rye flour.
				2,500	Flour.
Total				49,047

Total on passage—	Metric Tons
Flour	28,804
Rye	7,604
Rye flour	12,550
Cornflour	59
Cornmeal	30

Canada

Allocated to Royal Commission on Wheat Supplies

Arrived

					Metric Tons
Burgomeister Schröder	Montreal	12/5	Rotterdam	5/6	8,338	Flour.
Atto	“	30/5	South Shields	14/6	6,933	Wheat.
Tasmania	“	7/6	Dublin	24/6	746	Flour.
					10,202	Wheat.
Totnes	“	14/6	“	30/6	9,758	Flour.
Masuria	“	28/6	Dunkrik	14/7	5,349	Wheat.
Kribi	“	27/6	Avonmouth	23/7	4,634	“
					45,960

June arrivals—	Metric Tons
Wheat	17,135
	18,842
July arrivals–
Wheat	9,983
Total arrivals–
Wheat	27,118
Flour	18,842

On Passage

				Metric tons
Arabia	Montreal	8/7		6,791	Flour.
Clare Hugo Stinnes	“	14/6	Archangel	6,477	“
				12,268

Allocated to Load for Northern Relief

July—	Metric Tons
Wolfran	9,900
Schwarzenfels	12,500
Total	22,400

Allocated to Load for Southern Relief

July—
Sonnenfels	9,050

Unallocated

To Load

July—	D. W. Tons
Rudelsburg	10,200
Ehrenfels	6,800
Gerfried	9,800
Kandelfels	9,000
Schidturm	8,700
Huberfels	8,500
Crostafels	7,600
Aschenburg	9,150
Remschied	11,200
Kagera	9,100
Belgravia	10,350
Bisgravia	10,650
Wachtfels	9,000
Total	120,050

Argentine

Allocated to Wheat Executive

On Passage

Arensburg	Rosario	26/6	Belfast	5,511	Wheat.
Luise Horn	“	5/7	Italy	5,305	“
Spezia	B. Aires	7/7	“	5,515	“
Claus Horn	B. Blanca	7/7	“	5,805	“
Wotan	B. Aires	6/7	“	5,305	“
Bosphorus	B. Blanca	9/7	“	5,924	“
Schwaben	La Plata	9/7	Marseilles	6,808	“
Warrundi	B. Aires	10/7	Bayonne	4,639	“
Eichfelde	B. Blanca	13/7		5,627	“
Olymbos	La Plata	16/6		5,190	“
		Total on passage	55,629

To Load

July—
Ganelon	6,200

Allocated to Compañia Mercantil

For Germany

On Passage

Pionier	B. Aires	15/6	Emden	3,839	Wheat.
Elbe	Montevideo	21/6	Rotterdam	5,531
Itajahy	Rosario	21/6		6,587	“
Plauen	“	21/6	Bremerhaven	6,328	“
Irmgard	B. Aires	29/6	Bremen	5,487	“
Sofia	Rosario	30/6		5,573	“
Alster	B. Blanca	2/7		5,692	“
Derindje	B. Aires	27/6	Rotterdam	5,387	“
Erika	“	25/6	Emden	3,891	“
Pera	“	4/7		6,178	“
Oehringen	Rosario	15/7		5,530	“
Waregga	B. Aires	14/7	Havre	4,741	“
Weissenfelde	B. Blanca	17/7		5,628	“
Gudron	B. Aires	21/7		6,020	“
Santa Cruz	B. Blanca	22/7		6,862	“
			Total on passage.	83,274

To Load

July—
Rhenania	6,500
Horncap	6,200
Hersfeld	7,250
Germanicus	6,500
Almeria	7,000
Normannia	5,500
Solingen	6,900
Waterburg	6,400
Franz Wilke	6,900
Secundus	7,900
Nordmark	9,050
Malagga	4,950
Total	81,050

August—
Sakkarah	7,500
Rendsburg	8,000
Total	15,500

Unallocated

To Load

August—
Karl Leonhardt	5,100
Santa Fé	8,000
Hollandia	5,100
Winifred	7,800
Artemesia	9,025
Atto	8,875
Minna Horn	6,300
Rovuma	9,075
Aragonia	7,750
Burgomeister von Melle	9,500
Kribi	6,550
Schwarzenfelde	6,100
Franziska	8,050
Lübeck	8,225
Total	105,450

September—
Alster	6,100
Sofia	5,600
Erika	4,100
Derindje	5,600
Total	21,400

Vessels allocated to load at Rotterdam for Danzig

Arrived on Passage

					Metric Tons
Lipsos	Rotterdam	28/6	Danzig	2/7	5,341	Rye.
Hilda	Rotterdam	3/7	Danzig	2/7	5,341	“

Vessels allocated to load at Dunkirk for Danzig

To Load

July—
Liberia	5,675
Sieglinde	4,525
Atta	4,200
Mecklenburg	4,200
Lizzy	4,500
Dora	4,000
Total	27,100

Vessels allocated to load at Bordeaux for Reval

To Load

July—
Anni	3,750
Austria	4,050
Las Palmas	2,700
John Heidmann	3,500
Brandenburg	3,700
E. Russ	3,700
Total	21,000

West Africa

Allocated to French Commission for Germany

Arrived

Borussia

Duala

Rotterdam

12/7

4,400

To Load

July—
Hornsea	4,400
Alma	4,325
Regina	4,400
Uhlenhorst	4,000
Freda Horn	4,400
Christian Horn	4,300
Genua	4,800
Procida	4,700
Silesia	5,225
Hamburg	4,050
Total	44,600

August—
Edmund Hugo Stinnes	4,200

Australia

Allocated to Commonwealth Government

On Passage

Gera	Melbourne	15/7		9,000	Estimated.
Heluan	Melbourne	July		10,100	”

To Load

July–
Fürst Bülow	12,400
Heilbronn	11,200
Treuenfels	11,200
Roda	8,600
Altmark	8,200
Raimund	10,800
Total	62,400

Unallocated

August—
Java	12,100
Falkenfels	12,500
Kronenfels	12,325
Weissenfels	12,500
Burgomeister Schröder	9,500
Itauri	10,925
Sesostris	10,925
Waldeck	10,000
Altenburg	10,950
Greiffenfels	9,050
Marksburg	6,350
Gertrud	8,600
Kybfels	7,700
Masuria	6,200
Gallipoli	6,650
Gundomar	6,000
Total	152,275

September—
Neumark	9,075
Tasmania	12,200
Totnes	12,000
Altenfels	11,350
Bermuda	10,300
Augsburg	11,200
Erfurt	10,000
Elbing	7,850
Ammon	11,850
Sonnenfels	9,050
Naims	8,750
Dessau	11,000
Lippe	11,480
Isis	13,000
Total	149,105

Appendix II.—Austrian Tonnage

(a) under french management

Northern Range

Allocated to Food Administration

To Load

July—
Plitice	6,200

Argentine

Allocated to “Compafiia Mercantil” for Germany

July—	7,200
Atlantica	7,200
Graf Serenyi Bela	5,250
Total (July)	12,450
August—
Immacolata	5,600
Mediterraneo	7,600
Vega	6,450
Buda	6,350
Total	26,000

Unallocated

August—
Kobe	7,200

West Africa

Allocated to French Commission for Germany

July—
Indificienter	3,400
Magylagos	3,500
Stephanie	3,525
Onda	4,750
Eros	3,800
Total	18,975

(b) under italian management

Northern Range

1. Allocated to Italy

					Metric Tons
Arrived to May 31,Report No. 2					47,245	Wheat.
					2,024	Flour.
					38	Rye flour.
					2,438	Corn meal.
					632	Beans.
Baltico	Baltimore	20/5	Torre Ann	12/6	4,901	Wheat.
Columbia	New York	26/5	Genoa	11/6	2,965	”
					953	Flour.
Bosanka	Philadelphia	22/5	Leghorn	17/6	1,166	Wheat.
					3,692	Flour.
Sofia	New York	26/5	Trieste	17/6	1,779	”
President Wilson	”	31/5	”	18/6	58	”
Contessa Adelma	Baltimore	28/5	Cantania	22/6	5,125	Wheat.
Graf Tiza Istvan	Philadelnhia	30/5	Siramisp	21/6	3,477	Flour.

Total June arrival—	Metric Tons
Wheat.	14,157
Flour	9,959

					Metric Tons
Radium	Philadelphia	8/6	Milazza	5/7	4,524	Flour.
Argentina	New York	14/6	Trieste	3/7	748	”
Francesca	”	25/6	Genoa	13/7	1,222	Wheat.
					576	Flour.

July arrival—	Metric Tons
Wheat	1,222
Flour	5,848
Total arrived—
Wheat	62,626
Flour	17,831
Rye flour	38
Cornmeal	2,438
Beans	632

On passage to arrive July

				Metric Tons
Graf Khuen Héderváry	New York	24/6	Trieste	5,553	Flour.
				190	Cornflour

On passage to arrive Augest

				Metric Tons
Aug. Foherczegno	New York	4/7	Trieste	2,970	Wheat.
				1,978	Flour
				641	Oatmeal.
				255	R. oats.
Iskra	Philadelphia	10/7		5,790	Wheat.
Belvedera	New York	10/7	Trieste	2,244	Flour.
Fiume	New Orleans	30/6	Naples	4,347	Wheat.

To arrive August—	Metric Tons
Wheat	13,107
Flour	4,222
Oatmeal	641
R. oats	255
Total on passage—
Wheat	13,107
Flour	9,775
Oatmeal	641
R. oats	255
Cornflour	190

2. Allocated to German Austria

					Metric Tons
Arrived to Mav 31. Report No. 2					4,689	Wheat.
					4,673	Flour.
Caterina Gerolomich	New York	15/5	Trieste	10/6	4,672	Wheat.
					136	C. meal.
					980	Flour.
					841	R. oats.
Szeterenyl	Baltimore	13/5	”	10/6	2,512	Flour.
					1,662	C. flour.
Adriatico	”	16/5	”	10/6	3,201	Flour.
					89	B. flour.
					543	C. flour.
					1,209	C. meal.
Maria Immacolata	”	19/5	”	16/6	4,244	Flour
					346	B. flour.
					207	O. meal.
					38	Rice flour.
					83	C. flour.
Kossuth Ferencz	”	24/6	”	22/6	4,586	Flour.
					69	C. meal.
					212	C. flour.
					1,316	C. grits.
Dubac	New Orleans	26/4	”	1/6	2,538	Wheat.
					514	Flour.
					311	C. meal.
					703	Beans.

Total June arrival–.	Metric Tons
Wheat	7,210
Flour	16,037
C.M.	1,725
C.F.	2,500
R.O.	841
B.F.	435
O.M.	207
Rice flour	38
C.G.	1,316
Beans	703

					Metric Tones
Dardania	New York	21/6	Trieste	15/7	4,573	Flour.
					127	C. flour.
Ellenia	Baltimore	23/6	”	18/7	826	Flour.
					55	B. flour.
				1,918		C flour.
				1,985		C. grits.
				610		C. meal.
				53		R. flour.
Bohême	”	7/6	”	5/7		Flour.
Emilia	New York	13/6	”	7/7	4,180	”
Georgia	”	14/6	”	10/7	5,229	Wheat.
					236	Flour.
Lapad	Baltimore	13/6	”	15/7	3,485	”
Izvor	Philadelphia	16/6	”	15/7	5,398	”

Arrival July—	Metric Tons
Wheat	5,229
Flour	25,027
C.F.	2,045
B.F.	55
C.G.	1,985
C.M.	610
R.F	610
Total ariival—
Wheat	17,128
Flour	45,737
C.F	4,545
B.F	490
C.G	3,301
C.M	2,335
R.F	53
Rice flour	38
Beans	703
O.M	207
R.O	841

On Passage

			Metric Tons
Istina	Baltimore	26/6	Trieste	4,061	Rye.
				171	Flour.
				37	C. flour.
				316	C. grits.
				88	C. meal.
				490	R. oats.
Erderly	New York	3/7	“	6,021	Flour.
				75	B. flour.
				504	C. meal.
Atlantico	“	8/7	“	174	Flour.
				229	B. flour.
				159	C. grits.
				811	C. meal.
				628	C flour.
				22	R. flour.
				116	O. meal.
				820	R. oats.
Perseveranza	Philadelphia	7/7	“	1,651	Rye.
				322	C. grits.
				271	C. flour.
				27	C. meal.
				1,001	R. flour.
				1,108	R. oats.
				37	O. meal.

Total on passage—	Metric Tons
Rye	6,366
Flour	5,712
C.F	936
C. G	797
C. M	1,430
R. O	2,418
B. F	304
R. F	1,023
O. M	153

Allocated to German Austria

To Load

July—	Metric Tons
Marianne	5,400
Proteo	5,900
Szent Istvan	4,000
Dubac	4,000
Federica	5,800
Total	25,100

Unallocated

July–	Metric Tons
Trieste	5,000
Africana	4,600
Szeternyi	4,100
Baron Edmondo Vay	3,900
Total	17,600
August—
Persia	5,400
Giulia	3,900
Bosanka	5,400
Pssa. Christiania	3,300
Marie Valerie	4,400
Absirta	6,200
Burma	6,500
Fedora	5,000
Kossuth Ferenez	3,400
Graf Tiza Istavan	5,100
Contessa Adelma	5,000
Gernaia	7,000
Mrav	5,600
Adriatico	5,200
Baltico	4,800
Caterina Gerolomich	6,600
Georgia	8,000
Filippo Artelli	8,300
Lapad	3,500
Bohême	6,500
Dardania	4,700
Raduim	4,500
Total	118,300
September—
Maria	4,800
Arcadia	4,700
Jadera	5,600
Total	15,100

Canada

1. Allocated to Italy

					Metric Tons
Arrived to May 31. Report No. 2					4,567	Wheat.
Mrav	Portland	6/5	Ancona	8/6	3,619	“
Trieste	“	17/5	Ganoa	1/6	5,025	Flour.
Kossuth	“	14/6	Messina	6/7	4,979	Wheat
Total					18,910

On Passage

				Metric Tons
Vindobona	Quebec	25/6	Trieste	5,469	Wheat.
				153	Flour.
Baron Fejervary	Monteral	26/6	Venice	5,051	“
Total					10,673

2. Allocated to German Austria

	Metric Tons
Arrived to May 31. Report No. 2	4,285	Wheat.

On Passage

		Metric Tons
Clumecki	St. John’s	26/6	Trieste	770	Rye
				3,835	Flour.
Total

3. Allocated to Roumania

Arrived

					Metric Tons
Gernia	Portland	23/4	Constanza	22/5	5,717	Wheat.
					1,233	Flour.
Baron Edmund Vay	“	24/4	“	3/6	3,672	Wheat.
Absirtea	“	30/4	“	3/6	4,306	“
					1,938	Flour.
Burma	“	8/5	“	4/6	6,569	Wheat.
Pssa. Christiana	“	15/5	Trieste	19/6	3,634	Flour.

4. Unallocated

To Load

August—	Metric tons
Olimpo	6,500
Carolina	3,000
Total	9,500

Argentine

1. Allocated to Italy

Arrived

					Metric Tons
Baron Kemeny	Buenos Aires	9/6	P. Maurizio	12/7	3,171	Wheat.

On Passage

				Metric Tons
Sirena	Buenos Aires	17/6		1,062	Wheat
				2,971	C. N. Flour.
Jokai	La Plata	21/6	Savona	3,441	Wheat.
Alga	Rosario	27/6	Venice	4,074	“
Balaton	Buenos Aires	7/7	Naples	3,329	“
Sud	Rosario	10/7		3,743	“
Srgj	“	22/7		5,470	“
Total				24,090

2. Unallocated

To Load

July—	Metric Tons
Orjen	3,500
Epidauro	6,000
Iris	8,100
Corsinia	6,000
Magyarorczag	4,700
Leopoldina	4,800
Total	33,100

August—	Metric Tons
Maria Immacolata	4,900
Melpomene	3,600
Stella	4,000
Laguna	7,000
Total	19,500

Australia

1. Allocated to Italy

Arrived

					Metric Tons
Filippo Artelli	Wallaroo	21/4	Venice	29/6	8,315	Wheat.
Tirreno	Geelong	7/4	Naples	10/6	7,464	“
Total					15,779

2. Unallocated

To Load

July—	Metric Tons
Hungaria	5,600

August—	Metric Tons
Pilsna	4,600
Innsbruck	6,400
Total	11,000

Appendix III a. Employment of German Tonnage

[Metric Tons (Cargo)]

Exporting Country	Month of Arrival	Germany	Poland	Finland	Esthonia	North Russia	Baltic Ports, f. o.	Serbia	Constantinople, f. o.	United Kingdom	France	Italy	Unallocated	Total
Canada	June	8,338								27,639				35,977
	July					6,477				4,634	5,349			16,460
	August										5,791			5,791
		8,338				6,477				32,273	11,140			58,228
United States of America	May	28,046												28,046
	June	71,650												71,650
	July	84,213		8,485			10,907		13,763					117,368
	August	8,500		6,150			20,160		8,150				108,050	151,010
		192,409		14,635			31,067		21,913				108,050	368,074
Argentine	July	22,285												22,285
	August	60,989								10,701	17,074	27,854		119,618
	September	86,900								5,600			74,768	167,268
		170,174								16,301	17,074	27,854	74,768	306,171
Australia	September	75,240											10,890	86,130
France	July		6,958											6,958
	August		27,100		7,800			8,000						42,900
	September				13,200									13,200
			34,058		21,000			8,000						63,058
Rotterdam	July		11,189											11,189
	Grand Total	446,161	45,247	14,635	21,000	6,477	31,067	8,000	21,913	48,574	28,214	27,854	*193,708	892,850

*In addition there is unallocated tonnage to arrive in Europe after September—Argentine, 39,400; Australia, 271,200.

Appendix III b.—Employment of Austrian Tonnage

[Metric Tons (Cargo)]

Exporting Country	Month of Arrival	German Austria	Germany	Roumania	Italy	Unallocated	Total
Canada	April
	May			6,947	4,567		11,514
	June			16,535	10,635		27,170
	July	4,602			14,767		19,369
	August					7,800	7,800
		4,602		23,482	29,969	7,800	65,853
United States	April				11,970		11,970
	May	13,652			40,407		54,059
	June	30,659			24,097		54,756
	July	51,321			23,119		74,440
	August	27,240			10,133	*40,280	77,653
	September				97,700		97,700
		122,872			109,726	137,980	370,578
Argentine	July				10,645		10,645
	August		11,250		19,995	35,200	66,445
	September		23,400				23,400
			†34,650		30,640	35,200	100,490
Australia	June				8,316		8,316
	July			7,457			7,457
	September					5,600	5,600
					15,773	5,600	21,373
West Africa	August		‡17,100				17,100
Grand total		147,072	51,750	23,482	186,108	186,580	594,992

*Including 5,580 French managed Austrian from United States.

†” 34,650 ” ” ” ” Argentine.

‡” 17,100 ” ” ” ” ” West Africa.

Appendix IV.—Replacement by German Tonnage to Allies of National Tonnage Directed to Germany

Already Allocated

United Kingdom

From Argentine—	Metric Tons
Arensburg	5,511
*Louise Horn	5,305
*Spezia	5,515
*Claus Horn	5,805
*Wotan	5,305
*Bosphorus	5,924
Olympos	5,190
Ganelon	5,600
Total	44,155

*Diverted to Italy.

France

From Canada—	Metric Tons
Masuma	5,349
Arabia	5,791
From Argentine—
Warundi	4,639
Schwaben	6,808
Eichfeld	5,627
Total	28,214

Appendix 270

Note From the Freight Committee [Regarding the] Tonnage for Purchases of Food and Raw Materials for the Czecho-Slovakian Republic

A letter from the official buyers of the Czecho-Slovakian Republic has been received by the British Food Commissioner at Rotterdam, requesting that shipping space may be provided for the transport of 100,000 tons of Government Supplies from Argentine and India. The letter points out that free shipping is very scarce and freights so high as to cause great difficulty to the Czecho-Slovakian Food Commission and to make the import of raw materials for industrial purposes almost impossible. The suggestion presumably is that enemy tonnage should be allocated at rates based on the British Blue Book.

This matter has not been brought before the Freight Committee of the Food Section as that Committee has no authority to deal with enemy tonnage otherwise than under the Armistice arrangements.

The request of the Czecho-Slovakian Government raises a broad question of policy, as it would no doubt be inadvisable to make special arrangements for the claims of other Governments which have to obtain tonnage for essential supplies in the open market.

The matter has been unofficially discussed in Paris and is referred to the Supreme Economic Council at the request of the Director-General of Belief.

1. No copy of minutes of this meeting found in Department files; copy supplied by the British Foreign Office as enclosure to letter of June 27, 1945, to the American Ambassador in Great Britain (026. Foreign Relations (1919)/7–245).
2. See HD–62, minute 7, vol. viii, p. 411.
2. See HD–37, minute 10 and appendix H, also HD–39, minute 5, vol. vii, pp. 819, 828, and 938.
3. HD–18, minute 4, vol. vii, p. 371.
4. Modified by the addition of the word “Economic” (see Minute 296). [Footnote in the original.]
4. See HD–16, minute 5, vol. vii, p. 348.
5. Not attached to file copy of minutes.
6. G. Fr. de Martens, Nouveau recueil général de traités, conventions et autres transactions, tome xv, p. 770.
7. Foreign Relations, 1878, p. 895.
8. Subsequently modified by the Supreme Council (see Appendix 258). [Footnote in the original.]
8. See HD–16, minute 4, vol. vii, p. 345.
9. As a matter of fact, the monthly allowance of coal to Italy has been reduced from 750,000 tons to 330,000 tons. [Footnote in the original.]
9. See appendix 182, p. 349.
10. Steel and iron are also fundamental requirements for all countries. Scarce and dear coal reacts enormously on the Italian production of the same, which has never been so low as it is at present since 1915. On the other hand, supplies of cast-iron and steel are extremely difficult to obtain and Great Britain is unable to supply Italy with the minimum quantity we require from that country. [Footnote in the original.]
10. See appendix III to CF–64, vol. vi, p. 393.
11. Not attached to file copy of the minutes; see, however, minute 211 and appendix 188, pp. 348 and 358.
12. Not attached to file copy of the minutes.
12. Not attached to file copy of the minutes.
13. See HD–16, minute 6, vol. vii, p. 350.
14. Appendix 205, p. 382.