Index

• Adenauer, Konrad, 150
• Aeroflot, 267
• Africa, 60, 149, 437
• Agnew, Spiro, 234
• Agriculture, U.S. Department of, 348, 365
• Agrimpex, 294
• Albania (see also Albania and Albanian subheadings under other subjects), 52n
  • Austria, relations with, 54–55, 529–530
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 105, 525
  • China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 56
  • economic situation, 20, 67
  • independent course of, 5, 35, 107
  • Romania, relations with, 105, 398, 437
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 30, 34, 524
  • United States, relations with, 50, 54–55
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 105, 495, 498
• Albee, Edward, 295
• Aleksandrov (USSR journalist), 202–203
• Algeria, 206, 249
• Aluminum, 304
• Anderson, Eugenie, 113–114, 115n , 116–121, 123–124, 126, 132
• Andrews, Nicholas G., 471
• Anti-Semitism, 150, 234, 362–368, 374, 376
• Arab-Israeli War, June 1967 (Six-Day War) (seealso Middle East conflict), 497, 516n
• Arms control (see also Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty), 12, 47, 216, 219, 223, 235, 277, 333–334, 344, 359, 390
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 111, 212, 220, 243, 255, 267, 460, 512
• Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, U.S. (ACDA), 227–228
• Artola, Maj. Gen., 545
• Asian Development Bank, 70, 526n
• Atlantic Nuclear Force (see also Multilateral Force; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ), 332
• Atlantic Policy Advisory Group, 8–9
• Atlas, Liane W., 1
• Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 448
• Atoms for Peace. See Nuclear energy.
• Auschwitz, 344
• Austria (see also Austria and Austrian subheadings under other subjects), 15, 96
  • Albania, relations with, 54–55, 529–530
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 136, 527
  • Czechoslovakia, relations with, 149, 210, 527
  • Eastern Europe, relations with, 527–528, 534–535
  • European Economic Community, relations with, 526n , 530, 532–535
  • foreign policy of, 526n
  • France, relations with, 532, 537
  • Hungary, relations with, 527
  • Italy, relations with, 529–531
  • Poland, relations with, 528
  • political parties:
    • Communist Party, 92, 465
    • Socialist Party, 533
  • Romania, relations with, 527–528
  • Soviet invasion, threat of, 80, 538–540, 543
    • British position, 92–93, 541–542
    • French position, 92–93, 101, 541–542
    • U.S. position, 82, 86, 88, 90–91, 94, 98–99, 536–538, 541–542
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 532
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 537
  • U.S. draft and nationals of, 529–530
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 527–528
• Austrian State Treaty, May 1955, 92–93, 98, 532, 537, 538n , 541, 543
• Babic, Gen., 514
• Baker, John A., 147
• Balaceanu, Petre, 381, 389, 395–397, 437, 401
• Balcar, Jaromir, 286
• Balkan Pact, 97–98, 100, 437, 514–516
• Balkan region (see also individual countries), 437, 522, 524–525, 554
• Ball, George W.:
  • Czechoslovakia, 242, 244, 248, 250, 257
  • Poland, 325–327
  • Romania, 276, 403–404, 456, 458
• Barber, Arthur W., 53
• Barcs, Sandor, 295
• Barr, Brady G., 544n , 548n
• Baschiru (Romania), 401
• Bashev, Ivan K., 113–122, 125–126, 134, 139–140
• Batjer, Helene A., 178n , 183n , 245n , 280n
• Bator, Francis M., 347–349, 430
• Battle, Lucius D., 141
• Bavaria, 540
• Bayne, Gen., 94
• Beam, Jacob D., 73, 170–173, 190–192, 197–200, 210–211, 286–292
• Beaudry, Robert M., 80n , 450n , 504n
• Beigel, Edgar J., 526
• Belcher, Page, 70
• Belgium, 125, 130, 216
• Benes, Eduard, 151, 289
• Berlin, 74, 99, 428
  • Czech policy toward, 149–150
  • German Democratic Republic position, 5, 7, 69, 103
  • Soviet invasion, threat of, 80, 276
    • British position, 98
    • French position, 98, 101
    • U.S. position, 82, 86, 95, 98–99, 536–537, 541–542
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 271, 450
  • Soviet policy toward, 103, 111–112, 229–230, 243, 454–455
  • U.S.-Soviet relations over, 219, 262
• Bernat, Erno, 312–313
• Berne Copyright Union, 133
• Bessarabia, 407, 415
• Bidzinski, Zbigniew, 325
• Binder, David, 398
• Birecki (Poland), 353
• Birladeanu, Alexandru, 421, 444, 446–448
• Black Sea, 86
• Bled Treaty, Aug. 1954, 97–98, 100
• Bloomfield, Alexander, 116
• Blough, Roger, 64
• Blueye, Henrietta, 324
• Bodnaras, Emil, 381–382, 386, 415, 421
• Boeing Aircraft Corp., 175
• Bogdan, Corneliu, 440–446, 449–450, 453–455, 458, 467–468
• Bohlen, Charles E., 69–70, 193n , 227
  • Czechoslovakia, 186–187, 190, 212–213, 217, 219, 242, 263, 449–450, 515
  • Soviet invasion of Eastern Europe, threat of, 71–75
• Bosnia-Herzegovina, 486n
• Bow, Frank T., 65–66
• Brandt, Willy, 49, 203, 314, 357
• Bratislava Declaration, Aug. 1968, 232–233, 246–247, 506, 521
• Brazil, 205
• Brezhnev, Leonid I., 29n , 109–110, 148, 550
  • appointment as First Secretary, 473n
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 212
  • Soviet pressure on Dubcek government, 201–203
  • visits:
    • Czechoslovakia, Dec. 1967, 182–183, 362
    • Poland, Jan. 1968, 361
    • Romania, May 1966, 414–416
• Brezhnev, Mrs., 148
• Brezhnev Doctrine, 80, 83, 459, 467, 541
• Bridge Building. See United States, relations with under Eastern Europe and individual countries.
• Briggs, Ellis O., 204n
• British Broadcasting Company (BBC), 294, 555n
• Brosio, Manlio, 196
• Brown, Harold, 227
• Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 56
• Bucharest Declaration on European Security, July 1966, 442–443
• Buell, William A., Jr., 355
• Buffum, William B., 458, 460
• Bulgaria (see also Bulgaria and Bulgarian subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 383n
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also trade with the U.S.; United States, relations with below):
    • Claims Agreement, Sofia, July 1963, 118
    • Consular Relations Convention, Apr. 1963, 113
    • Consular Relations Convention, proposed, 121, 131, 133, 142
  • Albania, relations with, 105, 525
  • Austria, relations with, 136, 527
  • Belgium, relations with, 125, 130
  • economic situation, 1, 4, 67
  • France, relations with, 125, 130, 138, 145
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 5, 119, 125, 130, 138, 143, 145, 350
  • gold, Nazi-looted, 199
  • Greece, relations with, 126, 130, 141
  • independence of, 29, 35
  • Italy, relations with, 119, 124, 130, 145
  • Japan, relations with, 119, 130
  • liberalization, 128–129
  • military coup plot, 1965, 107, 129
  • Romania, relations with, 129
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 244, 271
  • Soviet invasion of Romania from, threat of, 86, 457
  • Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia from, threat of, 90–91
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 6, 41, 123–124, 126, 130, 138, 143, 294, 438
  • Spain, relations with, 138
  • spy trials, 113–114
  • trade with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below), 20, 132, 135
    • agricultural commodities, 76, 115–117
    • most-favored-nation status, 119, 133–135, 139–140
    • Plovdiv fair, participation in, 115, 117, 120, 132, 135n , 136, 145
    • wines, 70–71, 140, 324
  • Turkey, relations with, 126, 130, 141
  • U.N. technical aid to, 130
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 119, 124–125, 130, 136
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S.; trade with the U.S. above), 50, 117–121, 124–127, 130, 143
    • attacks on U.S. Legation, 113–114, 117, 119–120, 122
    • claims settlements, 160, 293
    • cultural exchanges, 117–118, 121, 125, 132–133, 135–136
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 127, 129, 143–144, 495, 522
• Bundy, McGeorge, 17n , 43n
  • Eastern Europe, 12
  • Hungary, 301
  • Romania, 394–395, 413
  • Yugoslavia, 475
• Burchinal, Lt. Gen. David A., 79
• Bureau of the Budget, U.S., 57, 60, 62
• Cabot, John, 329–331, 335–337
• Cambodia, 362
• Campbell, John C., 190n
• Canada, 9, 206, 440–441, 445
• Captive Nations Week, 18
• Carinthia (U.S. military attache),527
• Castro, Fidel, 149
• Catholic Church (see also Vatican), 295, 363, 373, 528
• Ceausescu, Nicolae, 104–105, 129, 322, 439, 457, 459
  • independence of Romania, 415, 436, 464–466
  • U.S.-Romanian relations, 417, 422–426, 456
  • visit to Prague, Aug. 1968, 233
• Celac, Sergiu, 399, 416, 420, 457–458
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA):
  • Czechoslovakia, 208, 213, 262, 512
  • documents:
    • “Nationalism in Eastern Europe,” 2–8
    • Special Memorandum No. 10–65, 29–43
  • Soviet economic situation, 2
  • U.S. radio broadcasting to Eastern Europe, 57–60, 62–64
• Cernik, Oldrich, 181, 188, 246, 256n , 288, 539
• Chernev (Bulgaria), 113–114
• Chervonenko, Stepan Vasilevich, 202
• Childs, Marquis, 77
• China, People’s Republic of (see also Sino-Soviet dispute; China, People’s Republic of subheadings under other subjects), 70, 550
  • independent course of, 5, 34
  • international communist meetingson, 6
  • nuclear weapons, 333
  • representation in the U.N., 529
  • Soviet Union, economic relations with, 34
  • United States, relations with, 16–17, 433–434
  • U.S. policy toward, 2, 432, 529
• China, Republic of, 206, 530
• Chou En-lai, 148, 415
• Christian, George, 216, 242
• Christiano, Joseph F., 174n
• Cierna meeting, 229, 232–233, 235
• Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), 158, 166
• Civil aviation, 46, 158, 166, 466
• Clark, Ramsey, 363
• Cleveland, Harlan, 78, 196, 275
• Clifford, Clark, 71, 77, 216, 220–225, 227–228, 242, 244, 249–251, 263, 273, 275
• Cline, Ray, 406, 408–409, 412
• Colclaser, H. Alberta, 156
• COMECON, 1, 71, 442
• Commerce, U.S. Department of, 71, 76, 115, 174n , 396–397, 406, 447–448
• Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC), 73, 76, 115–116, 135, 338, 379–380, 396–397, 482, 484, 502
• Common Market. See European Economic Community (EEC).
• Communism (see also Communist Parties under individual countries):
  • China, People’s Republic of, view of, 10
  • Eastern European view of, 21–22, 346
  • international conferences, 6, 247, 465, 469, 507
  • role of small countries, 11–12
  • Romanian view of, 415
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 112, 247, 271
  • Soviet view of, 10, 230
  • Western European parties, 97
  • Yugoslav style, 4, 485–487, 489–491
• Computers, 446–448
• Congo, Republic of, 477
• Congress, U.S. (see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.):
  • acts of:
    • Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act (P.L. 480), 19, 48, 51, 133, 192, 339, 476–480
    • Battle Act, 1951, 48, 328, 339, 411–412
    • East-West Trade bill, 69, 73, 133–135, 170–171, 343, 417–418, 420, 425, 433
    • Export-Import Bank Authorization, 1968, 433, 503
    • Food for Peace Extension, 1966, 478–484
    • Foreign Assistance Act, 1963, 325n
    • Foreign Assistance Act, 1968, 366–367
    • Johnson Debt Default Act, 1934, 133, 328, 339
    • Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1951, 153n , 549
  • Austria, 530
  • Bulgaria, 118–119, 134
  • Cuba, 501
  • Czechoslovakia, 161, 174
    • most-favored-nation status for, 154, 186
  • Eastern Europe, 18–19
    • U.S. radio broadcasts to, 64–66
    • U.S. trade with, 25, 400
  • Fiat guarantees, 427
  • Hungary, 314
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 445
  • Poland, 330, 339, 348, 352
    • most-favored-nation status for, 338, 356, 366–367, 369–371
  • Romania, 407, 420, 433, 448
  • Vietnam conflict, 501
  • Yugoslavia, 504
    • agricultural commodities, 478–480, 483–484
• Connor, John T., 405–414
• Convention of Relations Between the Three Powers and the Federal Republic of Germany, Paris, Oct. 1954, 356
• Coordinating Committee (COCOM), 26, 406, 412
• Costalanski, Paul J., 182n , 183n
• Cotton, 115
• Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA), 3
  • Bulgarian role in, 130
  • Czech position, 149
  • Eastern European position, 5
  • Romanian role in, 4, 387–388, 409–410, 465
  • Soviet control of, 36–37, 39, 81, 106–108
  • U.S. position, 102
  • Yugoslav role in, 88
• Council of Europe, 25
• Crawford, William A., 381–389, 391, 399, 402
• Creel, Robert C., 13, 548n
• Crnobrnja, Bogdan, 497, 499–502, 504–505, 509–510, 512–513, 515–518
• Croatia, 486n , 488, 504
• Croitoru, Mihai, 446
• Crump, John E., 540
• Csala, Andrew, 315–316, 324
• Cuba, 41, 149, 314, 408, 437, 480, 500–501
• Cuban Airlines, 157n
• Czapla, Gen., 372
• Czechoslovakia (see also Slovakia; Czechoslovakia and Czech subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 383n
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also trade with the U.S.; United States, relations with below):
    • Air Transport Services Agreement, Jan. 1946, 166
    • Air Transport Services Agreement, Feb. 1969, 157–158, 166, 177, 184
    • Consular Convention, 147, 184n
    • Economic and Financial Agreement, 146
    • Extradition Treaty, 186
    • Financial Claims Agreement, 162–165, 170–174
    • Surplus Property Agreement, 178
  • anti-Semitism in, 150, 234
  • Austria, relations with, 149, 210, 527
  • China, People’s Republic, of, relations with, 6, 149
  • Cuba, relations with, 149
  • Czech dollar bonds, 178
  • democratic tradition in, 36–37
  • Dubcek government, 183–184
    • U.S. relations with, 291–292
    • Soviet pressure on, 201–203, 231–232, 273, 539
    • economic situation, 1, 67–68
    • ethnic groups:
      • Czechs, 95, 148
      • Hungarians, 321
      • Jews, 150
      • Slovaks, 95–96, 148, 188–189, 288
  • foreign aid program of, 40
  • France, relations with, 159
  • French invasion, threat of, 215
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 5
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, possible military intervention in, 215
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 148–149, 192, 253, 350
  • liberalization, 40
    • Action Program, 288, 291
    • Bulgarian position, 201
    • economic reforms, 71, 108, 128–129
    • German Democratic Republic position, 69, 189, 201
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 15
    • Hungarian position, 201
    • Polish position, 201
    • Soviet position, 201–203, 217
    • 2000 Words declaration, 202–203
    • U.S. position, 213, 287–288
  • political situation, 6, 183–186
    • British position, 181
    • Italian position, 181
    • Novotny resignation, 180–183, 185, 186n , 188, 287–288, 361
    • student demonstration, Oct. 31, 1967, 181
  • Radio Free Europe role in, 61
  • Soviet invasion:
    • Austrian position, 91, 536, 538–539
    • Belgian position, 208
    • British position, 206–208, 253, 266, 268
    • Bulgarian position, 142–145, 213, 242
    • Czech position, 185–186, 257–259, 262, 271, 278, 280–285
    • Dobrynin’s message on, 236–241, 273
    • Eastern Europe, effect on, 80–82, 102–109, 230, 262
    • French position, 206, 208, 253, 266
    • German-U.S. consultations on, 75, 195–196, 213, 253
    • Hungarian position, 105, 206, 242, 249, 321–323
    • Italian position, 208
    • NATO discussions of, 194–197, 207–209, 252–253, 267–271, 277
    • Netherlands position, 208
    • Polish role in, 242, 369–375
    • Romanian position, 205, 443–444, 446, 449–450, 458–460
    • Soviet position, 103–104, 111–112, 237–238, 250, 254–256, 259–261, 279
    • Soviet-U.S. relations, effect on, 220–228, 512
    • troop maneuvers, 193, 201, 217
    • U.N. actions regarding, 204–207, 244, 252–253, 280–282, 459–460
    • U.S. position, 74, 95–96, 193–194, 211–212, 215–219, 234, 245–249, 254–256, 272–278, 452–453, 515, 519
    • Yugoslav position, 205, 505–510, 513–514, 519, 521
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 1, 109, 148, 151, 162, 229–232, 294, 329
    • bilateral aid agreement, 6
    • trade, 159, 175
  • trade with the U.S., 20, 72–74
    • aircraft, 187
    • Brno Fair, 184, 266
    • export licensing, 76, 163
    • machinery, 146–147
    • most-favored-nation status, 146, 153–155, 164–165, 173, 176, 186, 191–192, 200, 216, 286, 290–291
  • trade with the West, 162
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 159, 173, 175–176, 191
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S.; trade with the U.S. above), 45, 50, 284, 287–292
    • arrest of U.S. citizens, 167–170
    • British position, 146
    • charter air service, 156–158, 166–167
  • CIA role in, 208, 213, 262, 512
  • claims settlement, 153, 160–161, 197–200, 376
  • cultural and scientific exchanges, 147, 176
  • Czech position, 152–153, 155, 163–165
  • extradition of Gen. Sejna, 186, 200
  • French position, 146
  • gold, Nazi-looted, 71, 73, 146, 161, 165, 170–180, 184n , 186–187, 190–192, 197–201, 286–287, 290–292, 376
  • Social Security payments to Czech residents, 178–179, 201
  • travel restrictions, 153–155, 160–161, 164–165
  • U.S. military intervention in, possible, 215
  • Vatican, relations with, 528
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 505–508
• Czechoslovak State Airlines (CSA), 156–159, 175
• David, Vaclav, 152–156, 160, 163–165, 198
• Davis, Nathaniel, Jr., 67–68, 69n
• Davis, Nathaniel, Sr., 123–127, 128n , 132, 284, 297–298, 375–377, 401, 444–446, 515–518
• Davis, Richard H., 26n , 28, 146–147, 302, 304, 420–426
• De Beaumarchais, Jacques, 100
• De Seabra, A. Jose, 458
• De Gaulle, Charles, 70, 138, 194, 270, 276, 350, 552
• De Martino, John J., 436n , 463n
• Dean, Jonathan, 163
• Debre, Michel, 93, 100–101
• Defense, U.S. Department of, 57, 406, 448, 555n
  • Eastern Europe, Soviet invasion of, 72, 75, 95, 216
  • Finnish aircraft purchases, 544, 546
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 251
• Democratic Party Convention, Chicago, 1968, 46, 221–222, 224, 226, 244
• Denmark, 205, 552
• Denney, George C., Jr., 26n , 28
• Detente (see also agreements with the U.S.; United States, relations with under Soviet Union), 40, 84, 109, 334, 338, 357, 516
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 193–194, 206, 208–209, 219, 247, 265, 277, 377, 507, 512
• Diaconescu, Georghe, 416, 426, 458
• Dirksen, Everett M., 218
• Disarmament. See Arms control.
• Djilas, Milovan, 491–492
• Dobrosielski, Marian, 327
• Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., 81, 85–86, 89, 462, 541–542, 555
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 194, 212–214, 235–246, 248–249, 254–257, 259–264, 273–276, 451–455, 458–460, 510
• Dodd, Thomas J., 366
• Dominican Republic, 477
• Domino theory, 17
• Douglas Aircraft Corp., 174–175, 552
• Drozniak, Edward, 325, 327–328, 355
• Dubcek, Alexander, 105, 110, 254n , 288–289, 321
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 246–247, 250, 255–256, 278, 285, 375, 459
  • Soviet pressure on, 201–203, 231–232, 273, 539
  • U.S. view of, 184, 204
  • Yugoslav-Czech relations, 506–508
• Duckwitz, Georg F., 195
• Duda, Karel, 152, 163
  • gold, Nazi-looted, 174, 178–180, 186–187, 201
  • political situation in Czechoslovakia, 185–186
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 245, 280–282, 284–285, 460
  • U.S.-Czech relations, 146–147, 154–155, 160–161, 167–170
• Duke, Angier Biddle, 534
• Dulles, John Foster, 207, 218, 412, 512
• Eastern Europe (see also individual countries), 526n
  • Austria, relations with, 527–528, 534–535
  • cultural exchanges with the West, 46–47, 69
  • economic reform, 67–68
  • economic situation, 1–2, 382
  • foreign aid programs of, 40–41
  • German Democratic Republic isolation from, 14, 207
  • German unification, effect of, 9–11
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 15, 23, 41, 47, 49, 203, 357
  • instability in:
    • French position, 9
    • U.S. planning for, 12
  • liberalization in:
    • British position, 9
    • Canadian position, 9
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 9
    • historical background of, 29–32
    • Netherlands position, 9
    • Norwegian position, 9
    • Soviet policy, 38–41
    • U.S. position, 21–22, 151
  • Soviet economic sanctions on, 34, 72–73
  • Soviet invasion of, possible:
    • British position, 78
    • French position, 78
    • Soviet position, 462
    • U.N. diplomatic role in, 75
    • U.S. position, 22, 71–75, 77–82, 94–99, 216, 467, 511
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 80–82, 102–109, 230, 362
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 2–8
  • United States, relations with, 12, 17–21, 44, 47, 49–51, 54–55, 153–154, 425
    • civil aviation, 46
    • disaster relief, 46, 48
    • French position, 338
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, position, 24
    • intelligence gathering, 26–28
    • radio broadcasting, 56–66
    • shipping, 45–46
    • trade, 18–19, 25, 43, 53–54, 339, 353, 400, 418
    • travel, 46
  • U.S. policy, 23–26, 47–48, 69–71, 520
  • Vatican, relations with, 300
  • Western Europe, relations with, 25, 48
  • Western policy toward, 8–12, 49
• Eaton, Cyrus, Jr., 286
• Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), 1, 346, 380
• Ecumenical Council, 528
• Edelsberg, Herman, 367
• Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Conference (ENDC), 47, 390n
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 193n , 207n , 223, 236–237
• Elbrick, C. Burke, 469–470, 473–475, 478, 480–482, 497–498, 501–502, 505–508, 521–522, 525
• Espionage trials, 113, 145, 167–170
• Ethiopia, 130, 205–206
• European Economic Community (EEC), 270, 405, 549, 553
  • Austria, relations with, 526n , 530, 532–533
  • British membership in, 70, 442, 533
  • Commission on East-West Relations, 49
  • French position, 9
• European Free Trade Association (EFTA), 532–533
  • Ministerial meeting, Vienna, Nov. 1968, 553
• European security, 331–335, 341–343, 359, 442–443, 468
• European Security Conference, 342–343, 357, 552
• European Steel Community, 39
• European unity, 17, 32, 270, 521n
• Export Control Review Board, 405–413
• Export controls, 71
• Export-Import Bank, 174n
  • Bulgaria, 116, 135
  • Czechoslovakia, 70, 73, 192
  • Hungary, 70
  • Romania, 73, 396, 400–401, 403–404, 427, 431, 433
  • U.S. position, 46, 48, 51, 175, 339, 348
  • Yugoslavia, 70, 476, 503–504, 517
• Falcon missiles, 544n , 545–547
• Farbstein, Leonard, 366–367
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 484
• Feldman, Myer, 367
• Ferguson, Allen R., 156–158
• Findley, Paul, 70, 76, 339, 348, 352, 481–482
• Finland (see also Finland and Finnish subheadings under other subjects):
  • foreign policy of, 548–549
  • political parties:
    • Communist Party, 548, 551
    • Social Democrats (SKDL), 549, 551–552
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 112, 546, 552
  • Sweden, relations with, 544n , 545–546
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 552
  • U.S. aircraft sales, 544–547, 552
• Finnish-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance, 1948, 552
• Fino, Paul A., 503
• Firestone Rubber Co., 403, 413–414, 417–418, 424
• Fisher, Adrian, 227
• Fisher, Jack, 353
• Fock, Jeno, 315, 317
• Foley, Arthur D., 526, 531
• Ford Foundation, 310, 353–355, 379
• Foreign Claims Settlement Commission, 179, 190
• Foster, William C., 225, 227–228
• Fowler, Henry H., 70, 100, 273–274
• France (see also France and French subheadings under other subjects), 553
  • Communist Party, 112, 465, 514
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 112
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 533
  • United States, relations with, 25, 342, 448
• Frankel, Max, 331, 340
• Freeman, Orville L., 54, 382
• French Television Service (ORTF), 555n
• Fulbright, J. William, 199
• Fulbright agreements, 47, 51
• Galbraith, John Kenneth, 249
• Galdau children, 383
• Gaston-Marin, Gheorghe, 382, 388–393
• Geamanu, Grigore, 420
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):
  • Austria, 529–530, 532
  • Czechoslovakia, 76
  • Eastern Europe, 20, 25, 72, 76
  • Finland, 552–553
  • Hungary, 68
  • Poland, 326, 369–370, 380
  • Romania, 76, 401, 405
  • U.S. position, 549
  • Yugoslavia, 477, 479, 484, 493, 495
• General Electric Co., 445
• Geneva Accords, July 1954, 550
• Geneva Accords on Laos, July 1962, 550
• Geneva Conferences:
  • Disarmament, 216, 390
  • Southeast Asia, 360
• Georgia, 13
• Georgiev, Ivan-Asen, 50, 113n , 114
• Gerasimov, Luben, 126, 134–135, 140–143
• German Democratic Republic, 52n
  • Communist Party plenum, Feb. 1964, 7
  • Czechoslovakia, relations with, 5
  • Eastern Europe, isolation from, 14, 207
  • economic situation, 67–68
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 351–352
  • Hungary, relations with, 314
  • liberalization:
    • economic reforms, 108, 128
    • Soviet position, 218, 231
    • U.S. position, 29
  • Poland, relations with, 351–352
  • political situation, 1–2, 6–7, 35, 105
  • refugees, 230
  • renunciation of force agreements, 359
  • revolution, 1953, 107, 143
  • Soviet invasion, threat of:
    • British position, 72, 75
    • French position, 72, 75
    • German Federal Republic position, 72, 75
    • U.S. position, 74
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 271, 277–278, 507
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 5, 7, 14–15, 41, 361
  • United States, relations with, 24
• German unification, 9–11, 219
  • Eastern European fear of, 14, 34, 288
  • Polish position, 334–335, 356
  • Romanian position, 468
  • U.S. position, 24, 44, 55, 530
• Germany, Federal Republic of (see also Berlin):
  • border security, 78
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 351–352
  • Inter-Zonal Trade (IZT), 98
  • nuclear weapons, possession of, 332–333, 342, 350, 352, 548
  • political parties:
    • Christian Democratic Union (CDU), 98
    • Social Democrats, 552
  • renunciation of force agreements, 359
  • Soviet invasion of Austria, effect of, 91
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 270–271, 279
  • Soviet policy, 41, 233, 550
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 111–112, 350
  • United States, relations with, 18, 25, 249, 419
  • U.S. radio broadcasting from, 60, 64
• Gero, Erno, 30
• Gheorghiu, Iosef, 444
• Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe, 5, 42, 382, 383n , 402, 469–470
• Gierek, Edward, 361, 366, 374, 378
• Ginsburgh, Robert, 215
• Givan, Walter F., 152, 305, 399
• Glass, L.C., 421
• Glassboro (N.J.) summit, U.S.-Soviet, June 1967, 223, 235–236, 241, 263, 428–429, 500
• Glenn, Edmund S., 331
• Gligorov, Kiro, 96, 517–520, 523
• Gold, Nazi-looted:
  • British position, 172, 191, 290
  • Bulgarian claims for, 199
  • Czech claims for, 71, 73, 146, 161, 165, 170–180, 184n , 186–187, 190–192, 197–201, 286–287, 290–292, 376
  • French position, 70, 172, 290
  • Yugoslav claims for, 70, 199
• Goldberg, Arthur, 226, 416, 419, 443–444
• Goldblat (Poland), 331
• Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 375
  • economic situation in Poland, 1
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, 350
  • political situation in Poland, 7, 365–366, 372, 374, 376, 378–379
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 271, 371
  • Soviet-Polish relations, 30, 41, 105, 329, 377
  • U.S.-Polish relations, 348, 357
  • visit to France, postponement of, 373
• Gomulka Plan, 47, 336, 344
• Goodyear Rubber Co., 441, 444–445
• Gore, Albert, 286
• Governments-in-exile, 18
• Grechko, Marshal Andrei A., 397
• Greece, 88, 97, 126, 130, 141, 498, 507, 515n , 518
• Greenewalt, Crawford, 64
• Greenwald, Joseph A., 553
• Griffith, William, 56
• Gromyko, Andrei, 111, 151, 226, 343, 524
• Gronouski, John A., 53–54, 337–341, 347–353, 358, 363–366
• Group of Nine, 437
• Grozev, Gero, 123, 126–127, 134, 138
• Gruber, Karl, 531–533
• Gruening, Ernest, 348
• Haberer, Jean-Yves, 100
• Haider, Michael, 64
• Hajek, Jiri, 152, 197–200
• Hallstein Doctrine, 23
• Halusa, Arno, 540
• Harmel, Pierre C., 96, 460
• Harmel Report, 193, 268, 358–359
• Harriman, W. Averell, 209, 226–227
  • Czechoslovakia, 1, 190
  • Hungary, 1, 293, 295–296, 302n , 319
  • Romania, 389, 391–395
  • Yugoslavia, 499–500, 502, 522
• Hayes, John S., 56
• Haymerle, Heinrich, 55, 529
• Hazi (Hungary), 316–317
• Health, Education and Welfare, U.S. Department of, 142
• Helms, Richard, 56, 59, 65–66, 71, 216, 234, 242, 244, 250, 273, 275
• Henry, David H., 26n
• Henry, William, 132
• Hickenlooper, Bourke B., 503
• Hillenbrand, Martin J., 313n , 315–320
• Hinteregger, Gerald, 526
• Ho Chi Minh, 432, 434
• Hockersmith, F.D., 406, 409, 413
• Hont, Janos, 295
• Hornig, Donald F., 444, 447
• Horsey, Outerbridge, II, 159, 162–163
• House of Representatives, U.S., 59
  • Appropriations Committee, 503
  • Banking and Currency Committee, 175
  • CIA Appropriations Subcommittee, 66
  • Czechoslovakia, 164, 216
  • Subcommittee on Europe of the Foreign Affairs Committee, 213, 302
• Houston, Robert B., 113, 140
• Hughes Aircraft Co., 544n
• Humphrey, Hubert H., 71, 242, 244, 249, 275, 526n
• Hungary (see also Hungary and Hungarian subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 383n
  • Austria, relations with, 527
  • China, Peoples Republic of, relations with, 6
  • consular convention with the U.S., 293, 299, 315
  • democratic tradition in, 36–37
  • economic situation, 67–68
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 314
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 5, 314, 350
  • jamming of foreign broadcasts, 294–296
  • liberalization, 40, 108, 218
  • Mindszenty case, 295, 297, 299–300, 311, 319
  • refugees, 230, 275, 302–304, 306
  • revolution, 1956, 30, 33, 37, 107, 143, 202, 206, 207, 220, 244, 297n
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 244, 271, 321–323
  • Soviet invasion of Romania from, threat of, 85, 457
  • Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia from, threat of, 91
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 6, 294, 296–297, 303
  • trade with the U.S., 20, 301, 304
    • Budapest International Fair, 309, 316
    • meat inspection, 294, 298, 316
    • most-favored-nation status, 294, 298, 305–306, 313–315, 324
  • Transylvanian dispute with Romania, 34, 87, 322, 446
  • United States, relations with (see also trade with the U.S. above), 45, 50, 61, 71, 210, 318–320
    • attacks on U.S. Legation, 306–308
    • claims settlements, 293–294, 296, 298, 301, 310, 314, 316
    • consular problems, 293, 298–299, 301, 309–310, 315
    • cultural exchanges, 295–296, 297n , 298, 301, 309–310, 313, 315, 316
    • defection of Hungarian diplomats, 312–314
    • Hungarian emigre position, 302–304, 314
    • Legation, operation of, 296, 298, 316
    • travel restrictions, 383–384
  • Vatican, relations with, 295, 297, 300, 302, 311, 528
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 1, 322
• Husak, Gustav, 95
• Iacobescu (Romania), 404–405
• Immigration policies, 19
• India, 206, 249, 445, 484, 494
• Indonesia, 435
• Interior, U.S. Department of, 406
• International Air Transport Association (IATA), 157
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 285, 328n , 405
  • Eastern European membership in, 72, 75
  • meeting, 1970, 99
  • Yugoslav position, 99, 517, 520
• International Business Machines (IBM), 445
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 46, 156
• International Control Commission (ICC), 362
• International General Electric Company, 382
• International Media Guarantee (IMG) program, 336, 365, 378–379
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 20, 328n
  • Czechoslovakia, 70
  • Eastern Europe, 72, 75
  • Hungary, 70
  • Romania, 405
  • Yugoslavia, 70, 476, 520
• Ionita, Col. Ion, 461
• Iran, 408
• Israel, 233, 437–438, 465, 516n , 522
• Italy (see also Italy and Italian subheadings under other subjects), 97, 518
  • Austria, relations with, 529–531
  • Communist Party, 112, 465, 514
  • Soviet invasion of Austria, threat of, 88, 91
• Izmirliev, Veselin, 123, 134
• Jaffe, Irene B., 361n
• Jakobson, Max, 545
• Japan, 119, 130, 424, 435, 472
• Jaroszewicz, Piotr, 330, 357
• Jarring, Gunnar, 522
• Javits, Jacob, 226
• Jedrychowski, Stefan, 357
• Jenkins, Alton L., 354n
• Jenkins, Walter E., Jr., 53
• Jessup, Peter, 56–64
• Johnson, Griffith, 403–404
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 211n , 358, 428
  • Austria, 534–535
  • Bulgaria, 123n , 134n , 135
  • Czechoslovakia:
    • Soviet invasion of, 194, 200, 216, 218, 234, 236–246, 256, 261–265, 272–277, 452–453
    • United States, relations with, 169
  • Eastern Europe, 69–71
    • liberalization, 151
    • United States, relations with, 12, 54–55, 153–154, 165
    • U.S. policy, 47–48
    • U.S. radio broadcasting, 65–66
    • U.S. trade with, 43, 339, 353, 418
  • Hungary:
    • Mindszenty case, 299
    • United States, relations with, 301, 313, 320
  • Middle East conflict, 497
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 282
  • Poland, 330, 347–348, 355n , 362, 366–368, 375
  • Romania, 381, 394, 397, 423, 430–435, 447, 455, 458–459
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 214, 223, 225, 307–308, 474
  • speeches:
    • Oct. 7, 1966, 193
    • Aug. 30, 1968, 85
  • Vietnam conflict, 121, 141, 501
  • visit to the Soviet Union, 239–241, 243–245
  • Yugoslavia, 476, 518–523
• Johnson, Tom, 216, 220, 234, 242, 248n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) , 78–79, 227–228, 249
• Jones, Owen T., 299n , 301n
• Jordan, 516n
• Jordan, Charles, 200
• Jozan, Sandor, 312–313
• Kadar, Janos, 41, 203, 296, 535
  • jamming of foreign broadcasts, 295
  • Soviet-Hungarian relations, 303
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 105, 271, 321
  • U.S.-Hungarian relations, 310, 318–320
• Kafka, Franz, 32
• Kaganovich, Lazar M., 362
• Kahn, Herman, 554–555
• Kaiser, Herbert, 156, 325, 344, 354n
• Kallai, Gyula, 318
• Kaplan, George R., 446, 448–449, 453n , 458
• Karasek, Franz, 526, 528
• Kardelj, Edvard, 473–475
• Karjalainen, Ahti, 549, 551–552, 554
• Karlik (Czechoslovakia), 175
• Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 59, 174n , 196n , 443n , 555
  • Czechoslovakia, 190, 193n , 196
  • Poland, 347–348, 363–364, 366–369
  • Romania, 430, 433
  • Soviet invasion of Eastern Europe, threat of, 72, 79–80, 94–97, 99, 462
  • Yugoslavia, 479–480, 503–504, 521–523
• Katzenbach Report, 56, 58–59, 62–65
• Katz, Julius C., 526
• Kazan, V.J., 167–170
• Kecskemethy, Joseph G., 312n
• Kekkonen, Urho, 548–552
• Kennan, George F., 18n
• Kennedy, John F., 28, 223, 330, 336, 381–382, 392, 428, 537, 549
• Kennedy, Robert F., 25, 54, 225
• Kennedy Round. See General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
• Khrushchev, Nikita S., 392–393
  • Berlin, 149–150, 223, 243, 537
  • Eastern Europe, 25, 109
  • fall from power of, 29, 33, 41–42, 148, 207, 549
    • Albanian position, 148
    • Czech position, 148, 329
    • Polish position, 329, 336
    • Yugoslav position, 148, 473–475
  • Germany, Democratic Republic of, 14
  • Hungary, 303
  • Romanian view of, 13
  • socialism, concept of, 4, 229
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 223, 225
  • United Nations, 151
  • visits:
    • Czechoslovakia, Aug.–Sept. 1964, 148
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, proposed, 150, 336
    • Hungary, Mar.–Apr. 1964, 297
    • Romania, Aug. 1963, 4–5
    • Warsaw, 1956, 362
    • Yugoslavia, June 1955, 4n
    • Yugoslavia, Aug.–Sept. 1963, 4
  • Yugoslav-Soviet relations, 30, 469
• Khrushchev, Nina, 148
• Kiesinger, Kurt G., 194, 267, 268n , 271, 314, 357, 495
• King, Martin Luther, Jr., 534n
• Kirilenko, Andrei P., 202
• Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 547
• Klaus, Josef, 92, 526–528, 532, 534–538
• Klebenov, Eugene, 553
• Klein, David, 404, 413–414
• Klestil, Thomas, 526
• Klusak, Milan, 163
• Kmiecik (Polish jornalist), 351
• Knappstein, Heinrich, 13
• Knox, M. Gordon, 544
• Koenig, Cardinal, 528
• Kohler, Foy D., 56, 64, 355–357
• Kolakowski, Prof., 346
• Kolder, Drahomir, 181, 188
• Korea, 207, 435
• Korean war, 16, 428
• Korhonen (Finnish businessman), 552
• Kosygin, Aleksei N., 29n , 201, 220–226, 228, 236, 241, 247, 263, 283, 285, 428
  • appointment as Chairman, 473n
  • Poland, 361
  • Romania, 415, 429, 433
  • U.S.-Soviet relations, 452
  • visit to Finland, June 1966, 550–552
• Kotschnig, Walter M., 531
• Koucky (Czechoslovakia), 148, 202
• Kovalev, Sergei, 80n
• Krajger, Boris, 481–482
• Kranich, Robert H., 531
• Kreisky, Bruno, 528
• Kriegel (Czechoslovakia), 202
• Krimer, William, 526
• Kutev Ensemble, 125
• Kuznetsov, Vasiliy, 377, 539
• Lange, Oscar, 68
• Laos, 327, 362
• Larsen, Roy, 64
• Latin America, 437
• Leddy, John M., 80, 94, 96–101, 140–142, 193n , 252n , 261n , 280n
  • Austria, 526–527, 531–533
  • Czechoslovakia, 161, 178–180, 201, 245, 275
  • Finland, 553–555
  • Hungary, 313–314, 323–324
  • Poland, 369–371
  • Romania, 440–442, 450, 453–455
  • Yugoslavia, 502, 504–505
• Lemberger, Ernst, 526, 531, 540
• Lemnitzer, Bill, 215
• Lenart, Jozef, 181
• Leprette, Jacques, 100
• Lesh, Donald R., 94
• Linder, Harold, 403–404, 503–504
• Lipatti, Valentin, 405
• Lipscomb, Glenard P., 65–66
• Lisle, Raymond E., 183n , 190n , 280n , 312n , 369n , 426, 443n , 515n
  • Austria, 526, 528
  • Hungary, 315, 323–324
• Lomsky, Bohumir, 150
• Lowenstein, James, 463
• Lucet, Charles, 100
• MacArthur, Douglas, II, 92, 531, 533, 536–539
• Macedonia, 144, 486n , 495, 522
• Macomber, William, 504
• Macovescu, George, 389, 441
• Magnuson, Warren, 135–136
• Mahon, George H., 62–63, 65–66
• Majsajdr, Jiri, 156
• Malenkov, Georgi M., 42, 362
• Malita, Mircea, 383, 401–402, 416, 426, 458
• Manescu, Corneliu, 276, 435
  • foreign policy of Romania, 385–386, 445, 466
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 443–444, 459–460
  • Soviet invasion of Romania, 453–454, 456–458
  • U.S.-Romanian relations, 381–385, 396, 399–402, 416–419
• Manila Conference, Oct. 1966, 137
• Mann, Thomas C., 403, 413–414, 475–478
• Mansfield, Michael, 348
• Mao Tse-tung, 357, 437
• Margrave, Robert N., 547
• Marks, Leonard, 56, 242, 274
• Martin, Doyle V., 364
• Martin, Graham, 79
• Maunula, Lt. Gen., 545
• Maurer, Gheorghe, 407
• Maurer, Ion Gheorghe, 3n , 385–386, 420, 422, 426–435, 456–457, 528
• McAfee, William, 26n
• McCloskey, Robert, 208, 331
• McCone, John A., 17
• McGhee, George C., 195–196
• McKisson, Robert M., 302, 312–313, 531
• McNamara, Robert S., 12n , 26, 28
  • Eastern Europe:
    • U.S. radio broadcasting to, 63–64
    • U.S. trade with, 53–54
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 99
  • Romania, 405, 410
  • visits:
    • Moscow, 1968, 225, 285
    • Romania, June 1968, 76
• McSweeney, John M., 134–139
• Meeker, Leonard, 190n
• Mennin, Peter, 132
• Mermolja, Mirko, 518
• Mexico, 445
• Michalowski, Jerzy, 355–360, 364–366, 375–377
• Micunovic, Veljko, 471–473, 478, 483–484
• Middle East conflict, 88, 206–207, 209, 219–220, 224, 234, 264, 277, 288, 314
  • Austrian position, 543
  • Romanian position, 431, 436, 438
  • Six-Day War, 497, 516n
  • Soviet position, 437
  • U.S. position, 512, 519
  • Yugoslav position, 497–498, 516–518, 521–522, 524
• Mijal, Kazimiesz, 329
• Mikoyan, Anastas I., 548
• Miller, Dudley W., 483n
• Miller, J. Irwin, 43
• Mindszenty, Joseph Cardinal, 295, 297, 299–300, 311, 319, 528
• Moczar, Mieczyslaw, 365–366, 374, 376, 378
• Mod, Peter, 293, 295–296
• Modrzewski, Franciszek, 325–327
• Moffat, Jay P., 280n
• Moghioros, Alexandru, 381
• Moldavia, 85
• Molotov, Vyachaslav M., 362
• Mondale, Walter F., 76
• Mongolia, 529–530
• Montenegro, 486n
• Morgan, Edward P., 132
• Morgan, Thomas E., 226
• Multilateral Force (MLF) (see also North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 331–334, 402, 548
• Munich Agreement, 199
• Munkki, Olavi, 548, 551–555
• Murin, Martin, 156–158
• Muromcew, Cyril, 341
• Myerson, Jacob N., 196n , 252n
• Nagy, Ferenc, 42, 302–303, 315
• Nagy, Janos, 323–324
• Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 514, 516, 522
• Nastasescu, Stefan, 426, 430
• Naszkowski (Poland), 358
• National Broadcasting Company (NBC), 114
• National Intelligence Estimates:
  • NIE 12–64, 21–22, 29
  • NIE 11–14–65, 52n
  • NIE 12–65, 52–53
  • NIE 15–67, 485–496
  • NIE 12–68, 102–112
• National Security Action Memoranda (NSAM):
  • No. 304, 12, 23, 43, 128, 133
  • No. 352, 54–55
• National Security Council (NSC):
  • Intelligence Directive No. 2, 28
  • meetings:
    • 474th, 28n
    • 590th, 272–278
    • Apr. 24, 1968, 69–71
    • Emergency, Aug. 20, 1968, 242–245, 248, 273
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 265–272
• Netherlands, 9
• Neubert, Joseph W., 440
• Nikezic, Marko, 481, 497–498
• Niles, Thomas, 311, 341
• Nitze, Paul H., 56, 64
• Nixon, Richard M., 63, 234, 554
• North Atlantic Council (NAC), 26, 89, 252, 270
  • meetings:
    • Brussels, 1966, 552
    • Brussels, 1967, 359
    • Reykjavik, June 1968, 209, 235, 268, 270, 277, 511
  • Brussels, Nov. 1968, 467, 542, 553–554
• North Atlantic Treaty, Article V, 98
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 53, 193, 220, 264
  • Atlantic Nuclear Force (ANC), 332
  • Austrian position, 529, 531
  • French position, 70, 268, 270
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, role in, 9, 330
  • Greek membership in, 141
  • Harmel Report, 193, 268, 358–359
  • Italian position, 268–269
  • Multilateral Force (MLF), 331–334, 402, 548
  • Nuclear Planning Group, 267–268
  • Polish position, 330
  • resolution of Dec. 1967, 207–208
  • role outside Europe of, 16
  • Romanian position, 398, 424
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 194–197, 207–209, 212, 215, 252–253, 266–271, 274, 277, 279, 281, 452
  • Soviet invasion of Eastern Europe, threat of, 79, 81–90, 467, 511
  • Soviet position, 555
  • U.S.-Eastern European relations, 20
  • U.S. force readiness, 95, 269
  • Warsaw Pact:
    • Nonagression Pact with, 294
    • nuclear weapons talks with, 402
    • readiness of, 107, 109, 269
• Northrup Aircraft Co., 544n
• Norway, 9, 544, 548, 552
• Novotny, Anton, 6, 41, 68, 202n , 283
  • economic situation in Czechoslovakia, 68
  • political situation in Czechoslovakia, 6
  • removal from Presidency, 180–183, 185, 186n , 188, 287–288, 361
  • Soviet-Czech relations, 109, 148, 329
• Nuclear energy, 69, 243–244, 255, 267, 330, 336, 392, 396, 441, 445, 447–448
• Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (see also Arms control; Nuclear weapons ), 84, 206, 209, 219, 248, 269–270, 280–282, 352
  • Finnish position, 554
  • Romanian position, 433, 441, 445–446
  • Soviet position, 554
  • U.S. position, 428, 433, 441–442, 500, 519, 554
• Nuclear Planning Group (NPG), 267–268
• Nuclear war, 139, 281, 319, 393
• Nuclear weapons (see also Arms control; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty), 333–334, 402
• Obst, Harry, 526, 534
• Ochab, Edward,
• Oder-Neisse Line (see also Poland), 334, 346, 350–351, 360, 378, 380
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 25, 380
• O’Shaughnessy, Elim, 307, 311
• Owen, Henry, 343–346
• Paasio, Rafael, 549
• Pacararu, Francis, 398
• Pakistan, 206, 249, 477
• Palestinians, 200n
• Pan-American Airlines, 156–157, 158n , 159, 166–167
• Pan-Slavism, 289
• Paraguay, 205
• Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, 133
• Pavicevic, Miso, 505–508, 521–525
• Pedersen, Richard F., 426
• Pell, Claiborne H., 286
• Percival, LeRoy F., 526
• Peter, Janos, 303, 305–306, 311, 315–317, 320
• Peter, King of Yugoslavia, 504–505
• Petrescu, Lucian, 386
• Petrow, Chris G., 178
• Phelps, Homer R., Jr., 174n
• Philippines, 435
• Phillips Petroleum Co., 417
• Podgorny, Nikolai Viktorovich, 4–5, 247, 361
• Poland (see also Poland and Polish subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 383n
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below):
    • Claims Settlement Agreement, Apr. 1960, 356
    • Consular agreement, 335–336, 353, 379
    • P.L. 480 agreements, 325–326, 328, 330, 336
  • agriculture in, 326
  • anti-Semitism in, 234, 362–368, 374, 376
  • Austria, relations with, 528
  • China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 6, 329, 336
  • democratic tradition in, 36–37
  • economic situation, 1, 67–68
  • foreign aid program of, 40
  • France, relations with, 373
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 351–352
  • Germany Federal Republic of, relations with, 5, 15, 49, 331–333, 335, 344–345, 350–351, 359–360, 373
    • French position, 334
    • Oder-Neisse line, 334, 346, 350–351, 360, 378, 380
  • liberalization, 15
    • economic reforms, 108, 128
    • Soviet position, 218, 231
    • U.S. position, 207, 372–373
  • military situation, 372
  • political situation, 7, 365–366, 372, 374, 376, 378–379
    • events of Oct. 1956, 107, 143, 189
  • refugees, 230
  • security concerns of, 343–346
  • Soviet invasion, threat of, 74
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 244, 271, 277, 369–375
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 3, 30, 41, 105, 329, 336, 361–362, 377, 389
  • tourism, 327–328
  • trade with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below), 19, 48, 72
    • export licensing, 76
    • meat inspection, 365
    • most-favored-nation status, 314, 325–327, 330, 338–339, 356, 365–371, 376, 378–379, 393
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S.; trade with the U.S. above), 50–51, 71, 210, 331, 335–337, 407
    • attack on Polish ship in Miami, 377
    • claims settlements, 160, 293, 298, 327, 338–339, 356
    • cultural and scientific exchanges, 47, 353–355, 379
    • expulsion of diplomatic staff, 337–341
    • fairs and exhibitions, 358, 379
    • intelligence gathering, 26–27
    • International Media Guarantee (IMG) program, 336, 365, 378–379
    • Polish debt repayment, 347–349, 352–353
  • Vatican, relations with, 528
  • Western Europe, relations with, 373–374
• Polyansky, Dmitriy Stepanovich, 551
• Popov, Lyubomir, 121–122, 125
• Popovic, Vlado, 513–515
• Popper, David H., 526
• Portugal, 60, 64
• Presburger, Josip, 471, 478
• Pribyl, Jaromir, 167, 286
• Pucinski, Roman, 63
• Pungan, Vasile, 399, 401
• Quadripartite Group, 26, 49, 75
• Radio Free Europe (RFE), 56–66, 77–78, 129, 195, 294–295, 314
• Radio in the American Sector (RIAS), 195
• Radio Liberty, 56–66, 195
• Radio Study Group (RSG), 57
• Radvanyi, Janos, 293–296, 305–308, 311–313
• Rakosi, Matyas, 30, 42
• Rakowski, Mieczyslaw, 329
• Rankovic, Aleksandar, 486, 488, 490–492
• Rapacki, Adam, 330–335, 340–344
• Rayburn, Sam, 240
• Read, Benjamin H., 43n , 252–253, 446n , 505n
• Reagan, Ronald W., 504–505
• Refugees, 18, 74, 206, 230, 274–275, 302–304, 306, 362–364
• Renunciation of force declarations, 359
• Reston, James, 65
• Roberts, Kenneth, 53
• Rockefeller Foundation, 472–473
• Romania (see also Romania and Romanian subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 96, 510
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below):
    • Atomic Energy Agreement, 1968, 466
    • Civil Aviation Agreement, proposed, 466
    • Consular Convention, 383, 394, 399
    • Cultural Agreement, 1968, 466
    • IREX Agreement, 466
  • Albania, relations with, 105, 398, 437
  • Austria, relations with, 527–528
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 129
  • Canada, relations with, 440–441, 445
  • China, People’s Republic, relations with, 3, 6, 385–386, 398, 408–409, 415, 437–438, 466
  • Cuba, relations with, 437
  • ethnic groups, 464
  • foreign policy of, 385–386, 389–391, 420, 423–424, 436–440, 445–446, 464–466
  • France, relations with, 424
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 5, 349–350, 360, 418–419, 423, 436, 465
  • Hungary, relations with, Transylvanian dispute, 322, 446
  • independent course of, 1, 31, 107, 303, 391–392, 415, 436, 467
    • Khrushchev ouster, effect of, 42
    • U.S. position, 15, 29, 35–36, 387–389, 404–405, 464–466
  • Italy, relations with, 424
  • Japan, relations with, 424
  • political situation, 436–437, 463–464
  • pro-Western direction of, 40
  • Radio Free Europe role in, 61
  • Soviet invasion, threat of of, 71, 74, 270, 463, 554
    • Austrian position, 91, 536, 538
    • French position, 101
    • Romanian position, 456–457
    • Soviet position, 275–276, 451–452, 458, 461–462
    • U.S. position, 74, 83–87, 96, 99, 102, 256, 261–264, 272, 278–279, 450, 453–454, 459, 511–512, 541
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, threat of, 80–82, 244, 250, 458–460
  • Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia from, threat of, 90
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 34, 87, 103–105, 294, 398, 450
    • attacks on Khrushchev, 13
    • Bessarabia dispute, 407, 415
    • economic relations, 6, 86, 436
    • Romanian-Soviet trade protocol, 1968, 436
    • Soviet-Romanian Friendship Treaty, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, 437–439
    • technical exchanges, 409
    • U.S. position, 391–393, 467
  • trade with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below), 20, 45, 72–73, 291, 405, 419, 423–424
    • agricultural products, 76, 396–397, 399–400
    • computers, 446–448
    • export licensing, 76, 388–389
    • glass plant, 431, 433
    • industrial equipment, 4–6, 393–394, 396
    • most-favored-nation status, 51, 119, 393, 395–397, 400–401, 407, 418, 420
    • nuclear power equipment, purchase of, 69, 392, 396, 441, 445, 447–448
    • petroleum products and equipment, 400, 403–404, 406–414, 416–418
    • synthetic rubber plants, 382, 400, 403–404, 441, 444–445
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S.; trade with the U.S. above), 210, 266, 385, 422, 426–429, 456, 465–466
    • claims settlements, 160, 293, 395
    • consular and diplomatic issues, 382–383, 394
    • cultural and scientific exchanges, 47, 381, 394, 399, 425, 431, 448
  • Vatican, relations with, 528
  • Vietnam Democratic Republic, relations with, 415–416
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 398, 437, 469–470, 495
• Rostow, Eugene V., 235
• Rostow, Walt W., 55–56, 65n , 211n , 505n , 515n , 518n , 534n
  • Czechoslovakia, 193–194, 206–210, 215–216, 236, 238–240, 242–244, 252, 273
  • economic reform, 67
  • Poland, 362–364, 366–368
  • Yugoslavia, 503–504, 517
• Rumania. See Romania.
• Ruser, Claus W., 94, 100
• Rusk, Dean, 265n
  • Albania, 55–56
  • Austria, 526n , 529–531, 535
  • Bulgarian-U.S. relations, 118–119, 121–122, 139–140
  • Czechoslavakia:
    • arrest of U.S. citizens, 167
    • Soviet invasion of, 193, 212–214, 216–228, 234, 238–239, 242–246, 248–250, 253–256, 261–264, 273–277, 443, 452–453
    • U.N. action regarding, 206, 280–282, 283n , 459–460
    • United States, relations with, 152–156, 160–161, 163–165, 167, 198, 200, 211
  • Eastern Europe, 69–71, 100–101
    • intelligence-gathering in, 26–28
    • radio broadcasting to, 56, 63–64, 66
    • United States, relations with, 12, 54–55
    • U.S. policy, 47
  • Finland, 544, 548–550, 554–555
  • Hungary, 301, 305–306, 311
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 282
  • Poland, 327–328, 330, 341–343, 347
  • Romania:
    • Soviet invasion, threat of, 86, 276, 450–455, 458, 462
    • Soviet Union, relations with, 13, 450, 467
    • United States, relations with, 381–384, 385n , 395–397, 399–402, 405–412, 416–420, 430–431, 433, 441n , 446–448
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 81
  • Yugoslavia, 471–473, 483–484, 501, 509–513
• Russell, Richard, 62–63, 65–66
• Ruzek, Miroslaz, 147, 162
• Sahm (FRG), 195
• Salant, Richard, 56
• Sandru (Romania), 455
• Sarafov, Dr., 145
• Scandinavia, 550
• Schiffman, Irving I., 160, 167
• Schnittker, John A., 479–480
• Schorr, Daniel, 132
• Schultze, Charles L., 54, 57, 62–63
• Seaborg, Glenn T., 448
• Seebohm, Hans Cristoph, 14
• Sejna, Maj. Gen. Jan, 186, 200
• Senate, U.S., 59, 226, 277, 311, 366, 427n
  • Foreign Relations Committee, 77, 305, 328, 400, 463
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 554
  • Subcommittee on International Finance, 73
• Senegal, 206
• Senior Interdepartmental Group meeting, Oct. 4, 1968, 80, 94–100
• Serbia, 486n
• Sharek, Carl, 294
• Shelepin, Aleksandr N., 148
• Shlaudeman, Harry W., 446n
• Shriver, Sargent, 253
• Sik, Ota, 68
• Silk, 126
• Sindermann, Horst, 5n
• Sino-Soviet dispute:
  • Czech position, 40, 148–150
  • Eastern European position, 4, 33
  • Finnish position, 550
  • German Democratic Republic position, 4, 40
  • Polish position, 40, 42, 329
  • Romanian position, 3–4, 31, 40, 42, 385–388, 390, 415, 466
  • Soviet position, 551
  • U.S. position, 15, 393
  • Yugoslav position, 474–475
• Sisco, Joseph, 147, 426, 458
• Six-Day War (see also Middle East conflict), 497, 516n
• Slovakia, 291, 300, 321
• Slovenia, 486n , 488–490
• Smith, Abbot, 43
• Smith, Bromley, 265n , 404n
• Smith, R.J., 17–21
• Smrkovsky, Josef, 201, 210, 246
• Snejdarek (Czechoslovakia), 210
• Snodgrass, William, 132
• Solomon, Anthony M., 166, 190n , 416–419
• Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, 147, 182n , 361n
• Soukop, Frantisek, 152
• Soukop, Miroslav, 163
• Southeast Asia, 13–14, 264, 331n , 336, 362
  • U.S. involvement in, 16–17, 120, 342, 428
• Southwest Africa, 529, 531
• Soviet Union (see also Detente; Sino-Soviet dispute; Soviet Union and Soviet subheadings under other subjects):
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also United States, relations with below):
    • astronaut treaty, 277
    • Atlantic Fisheries Agreement, 267
    • Civil Air Agreement, 219
    • Consular Agreement, 219, 248, 353
    • Space Treaty, 219, 248, 428
  • China, People’s Republic, economic relations with, 34
  • dissent within, 110–111, 212, 218, 231, 542
  • Eastern Europe, relations with, 2–8, 21–22
  • economic situation, 2, 67
  • ethnic groups, 96, 218, 231, 542
    • Jews, 150, 363
    • Ukrainians, 110
  • France, relations with, 101, 112, 465, 514
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 5, 7, 14–15
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 111–112, 350
  • gold, 70
  • liberalization, economic, 128
  • naval forces in the Mediterranean, 270
  • political situation, 29, 102–103, 329
  • regional development banks, 70
  • trade with the U.S., 16
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S. above), 16, 26, 44, 51, 111, 211, 214, 236–241, 512
    • anti-U.S. demonstrations, 307–308
    • cultural and scientific exchanges, 450, 452
    • intelligence gathering, 26–28
    • jamming of radio broadcasts, 257
    • solar eclipse experiments, 267
    • Soviet invasions of Eastern Europe, threat of, 84, 206, 220–228, 266, 285, 460, 519
    • summit at Glassboro, N.J., June 1967, 223, 235–236, 241, 263, 428–429, 500
    • Yugoslav position, 474
  • U.S. policy toward, 18
• Spain, 60, 64, 138
• Sparkman, John, 73
• Special Committee on U.S. Trade Relations with Eastern European Countries and the Soviet Union, 43
• Special National Intelligence Estimates:
  • SNIE 11–14–68, 108n
  • SNIE 11–17–68, 108n
• Spielman, Herbert, 526
• Springsteen, George S., 325, 403, 504–505
• Squire, Christopher A., 293, 295, 302, 306
• Stabler, Wells, 531
• Stalin, Joseph, 30, 33, 106, 357, 485
• Stalinism, 230–231, 278, 301
• Stanton, Frank, 64
• Steinbeck, John, 295
• Stewart, Michael, 93, 96, 454, 460
• Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 174, 185–187, 196n , 312n , 358–360, 364–365, 377–380, 416, 430, 440, 531, 551–552
• Stoica, Chivu, 420–421
• Strachey, John, 24, 26
• Strauss, Franz Josef, 13–17
• Strougal, Lubomir, 288
• Strulak, Tadeusz, 341
• Styles, Michael H., 156, 166n
• Suez crisis, 193n
• Sulzberger, Arthur, 132
• Summit, U.S.-Soviet, Glassboro, N.J., June 1967, 223, 235–236, 241, 263, 428–429, 500
• Sumonja, Gen., 514
• Suslov, Mikhail A., 212
• Svoboda, Gen. Ludvik, 150, 181, 232, 246, 256, 280, 539
• Swank, Emery C., 246–247
• Sweden, 333, 544n , 545–548
• Switzerland, 333, 553
• Symington, James, 430
• Symington, Stuart, 226
• Syria, 516n
• Szabo, Laszlo, 313
• Szewczyk, Zdzislaw, 358–360
• Szilagyi, Bela, 297, 299, 313–314, 316–317, 320, 323
• Szluka, Endre, 306
• Tanguy, Charles R., 100
• Tarabanov, Milko, 140
• Taylor, Adm., 94
• Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 216
• Temple, Larry E., 273
• Thant, U, 205
• Thau, T.L., 406, 413
• Thompson, Llewellyn E., 26n , 61, 261n , 550
  • Romania, 451
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 206, 211–212, 227, 229–232, 241, 246, 248, 254, 257, 259–260, 263, 274, 277–279
• Thompson, Tyler, 551
• 303 Committee, 57, 62–63
• Tihany, Leslie C., 323, 467n
• Tims, Richard W., 308n , 327
• Tito, Josip Broz, 88–89, 471
  • Bulgaria-Yugoslav relations, 127, 129–130
  • Eastern European view of, 2
  • Middle East conflict, 497
  • nationalities problem, 488–489
  • political situation in Yugoslavia, 489–492
  • succession problem, 485, 495–496
  • Romanian-Yugoslav relations, 437, 469–470
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 104–105, 513–514, 521
  • Soviet-Yugoslav relations, 41, 469, 499
  • United States, relations with, 479, 520
  • U.S. military aid to Yugoslavia, 450, 514
  • visits:
    • Moscow, June–July 1965, 477
    • Moscow, Apr. 1968, 523
    • Prague, Aug. 1968, 233, 505–508
  • Yugoslav Communism, 486–487
• Titus, Ross, 551
• Tobacco, 116, 119, 132, 140
• Tompe, Istvan, 295–296
• Toncic-Sorinj, Lujo, 55–56, 529–531
• Toon, Malcolm, 94–95, 99, 284–285, 462, 467n
• Toumanoff, Vladimir I., 77n
• Toumayan, Alec G., 100, 426
• Toure, Sekou, 130
• Tower, John, 503
• Trade unions, 189
• Trampczynski, Witold, 352–353
• Transylvania, 34, 87, 322, 446
• Travel restrictions, 153–155, 160–161, 164–165, 383–384
• Traykov, Georgi, 134–135
• Treasury, U.S. Department of the, 348
• Treasury Circular 655, 173, 178–179
• Treaty of Bled, 1954, 515n
• Trezise, Philip H., 389, 406
• Trhlik (Czechoslovakia), 197, 286
• Tripartite Commission, 146, 165
• Truehart, William C., 57
• Truman, Harry S., 153n
• Tuch, Hans N., 123, 128n , 134
• Turkey, 97, 126, 130, 141, 515n
• Tyler, William R., 302, 306–308, 328, 401n , 402, 547
• Tyrol dispute, 529–531
• Udall, Stewart, 406–410, 412
• Ukraine, 85, 110
• Ulbricht, Walter, 42, 357
  • Berlin, 262
  • German Democratic Republic isolation, 14, 207
  • political situation in German Democratic Republic, 7, 105
  • Soviet-German Democratic Republic relations, 41, 361
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 254, 278, 449, 506
  • unpopularity of, 2
• U.N. Charter, 207, 281, 511, 524
  • Article I, 10
  • Article II, 10
  • Article XIX, 133, 151, 402
• U.N. Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), 1
• U.N. Development Programme (UNDP), 379
• U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 379
• United Arab Republic (UAR), 39, 130, 472, 494, 514, 516
• United Kingdom (see also United Kingdom and British subheadings under other subjects), 25, 533
• United Nations (see also United Nation and U.N. headings and subheadings under other subjects):
  • Austria as UNOID site, 529–530
  • financing of:
    • Czech position, 151–152
    • French position, 151
    • Soviet position, 148
    • U.S position, 148, 402
  • General Assembly, 47, 96–97, 111, 381, 390, 435, 524
    • 19th Session, 152, 160n , 305, 331
    • 21st Session, 55, 163, 416
    • 22d Session, 139n
    • 23d Session, 458
    • Chinese representation issue, 529
    • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 442, 445
    • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 204–206, 243, 249, 280–281, 283, 459–460
  • Hungarian representation in, 319
  • Security Council:
    • peacekeeping powers, 151
    • Security Assurances, 445
    • Soviet invasion of Austria, 93
    • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 204–206, 220, 245, 250, 257, 266, 283n
    • Soviet invasion of Romania, threat of, 85
  • Soviet invasion of Yugoslavia, threat of, 90
• Universal Oil Products Co., 403, 413
• Uranium, 304, 392
• U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 57–58, 60–61, 243, 309
• U.S. Information Service (USIS), 338
• Vachkov (Bulgaria), 116, 118
• Vaculik, Ludvik, 202
• Vance, Cyrus, 226, 234, 405–406, 408–412
• Varga, Bela, 302–304
• Varga, Istvan, 294
• Vassilev, Vesselin, 140
• Vatican, 295, 297, 300, 302, 311, 528
• Vaurs, Roger, 100
• Vedeler, Harold C., 26n , 115n , 293–296, 302, 304, 401n
• Vejvoda, Milos, 147–152
• Velebit, Vladimir, 1–2
• Vesely, Alois, 156
• Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 17, 138–139, 141, 415–416, 432, 480, 501, 516
  • Czech military aid to, 192, 245, 286, 289, 511
  • Romanian petroleum sales to, 406, 408, 411, 413
• Vietnam, Republic of, 2, 62, 138–139, 432, 500
• Vietnam conflict, 88, 216, 234, 278, 290, 352, 425
  • Austrian position, 528–529
  • Bulgarian position, 120–121, 124, 131, 133, 136–139, 141
  • China, People’s Republic of, position, 360
  • Czech position, 163, 185, 198, 211, 249
  • Hungarian position, 309–310, 314, 317, 320, 323
  • Polish position, 337n , 341, 349, 354–355, 358, 360, 362, 370, 376, 379
  • Romanian position, 407, 414, 420–422, 428, 430–431, 440, 528
  • Soviet position, 549–550
  • Soviet-U.S. relations over, 206, 209, 219–220, 224, 248, 277
  • U.N. role in, 360
  • U.S. bombing campaign, 376, 421, 477
  • U.S. position, 226, 431–434, 500, 512, 519, 550
  • Yugoslav position, 477–478, 483, 501, 516, 522
• Voice of America (VOA), 57–63, 77–78, 211, 378–379
  • Bulgarian broadcasts, 133, 138, 142
  • Czech broadcasts, 152, 177
  • Hungarian broadcasts, 294–296
• Von Hassel, Kai-Uwe, 552
• Vransky, Prauel, 156
• Wailes, Edward T., 198n
• Waldheim, Kurt, 55, 529–531, 538–543
• Walsh, John P., 265n
• Warker, Peter F., 115n , 395, 403
• Warren, Earl, 497, 502
• Warsaw Pact:
  • Albania, invasion of, threat of, 524–525
  • Berlin, attack on, threat of, 95
  • Czech position, 53, 215, 218–219, 234, 255, 262
  • Eastern European role in, 5, 52–53, 102, 107–108
  • exercises near Czech border, 193, 201, 249, 251
  • German Democratic Republic position, 53, 254
  • liberalization, effect of, 39
  • meetings:
    • Foreign Ministers, Warsaw, Feb. 1967, 349–350, 357
    • German Democratic Republic, Oct. 1967, 439
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization and:
    • Nonagression Pact with, 294
    • nuclear weapons talks with, 402
    • Pact readiness compared with, 107, 109, 269
  • Polish position, 53
  • Romanian position, 37–38, 53, 397–398, 415–416, 424, 439, 461–462, 464–465
  • Soviet position, 22, 53, 81, 106, 244, 252, 439, 464
  • U.N. involvement in conflicts in, 204
  • U.S. position, 37–39, 83, 264, 266, 452, 511, 548
  • Yugoslav position, 88, 508
  • Yugoslavia, invasion of, threat of, 90
• Watson, Barbara, 79
• West Berlin. See Berlin .
• Western Europe (see also European Economic Community (EEC)):
  • defense of, 267–271
  • Eastern Europe, relations with, 25, 48
  • integration of, 345–346
  • security of, 331–335, 341–343, 357, 359, 442–443, 468, 552
  • trade with the Soviet bloc, 16, 277, 393, 495n
  • unity, 17, 32, 270, 521n
• Western European Union (WEU), 270, 521n
• Wharton, George, 156–158
• Wheat, 115, 162
• Wheeler, Gen. Earle, 94, 98, 216, 228, 242, 244–245, 250–252, 276
• White, Merrill A., 121
• Wilson, James Harold, 194, 332
• Wilson, Orme, Jr., 499, 504n , 509
• Winiewicz, Jozef, 330–331, 340–343, 349–353
• Wirtz, Willard, 249
• Wood, Gen. Robert J., 99
• World Bank. See International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD).
• World War III, 83, 85–86, 248
• Wright, Robert B., 302, 403
• Wyman, Thomas G., 406
• Yakubovskiy, Gen. Ivan Ignatevich, 81
• Yost, Charles W., 483n
• Young, Milton, 65–66
• Yugoslavia (see also Yugoslavia and Yugoslav subheadings under other subjects), 52n , 96
  • agreements with the U.S. (see also trade with the U.S.; United States, relations with below):
    • Agricultural Commodities Agreements, 473, 476
    • Claims Agreement, Nov. 1964, 473
    • Cotton Textile Agreement, Sept. 1967, 501–502
    • Educational Exchange Agreement, Nov. 1964, 473
  • agriculture, 472–473
  • Albania, relations with, 105, 495, 498
  • Austria, relations with, 527–528
  • Balkan Pact, 97–98, 514–516
  • British economic aid to, 476
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 127, 129–130, 143–144, 495, 522
  • China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 477
  • Communist Party (LCY), 485–487, 489–491
  • Czechoslovakia, relations with, 505–508
  • economic situation, 67, 492–493, 525
  • ethnic groups:
    • Croats, 487–488, 517
    • Macedonians, 487
    • Serbs, 487–488, 490, 517
    • Slovenes, 487–490
  • foreign policy of, 494–495
  • French economic aid to, 476
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 495, 500
  • Greece, relations with, 498
  • Hungary, relations with, 1, 322
  • independent course of, 5, 29, 30, 34, 250, 485, 492–495, 514, 523
  • India, relations with, 494
  • Italy, relations with, 476, 518
  • political situation, 489–492
  • Romania, relations with, 398, 437, 469–470, 495
  • socialism in, 4
  • Soviet invasion, threat of, 86–90, 92, 270, 275, 525, 554
    • Austrian position, 91, 536, 538, 540
    • French position, 101
    • U.S. position, 96–99, 102, 272, 279, 511–512, 541
  • Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, effect of, 80–82, 459
  • Soviet invasion of Romania, threat of, effect of, 84
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 30, 41, 103–105, 494, 499, 513, 523–524
    • international communist meetings, 469
    • Soviet economic sanctions, 34, 514
  • succession problem, 485, 495–496
  • trade, 492
  • trade with the U.S. (see also agreements with the U.S. above: United States, relations with below), 19, 479, 520
    • most-favored-nation status, 325n , 393, 472
    • textiles, 472, 501–502
  • United Arab Republic, relations with, 494, 514, 516
  • United States, relations with (see also agreements with the U.S.; trade with the U.S. above), 51, 96, 210, 407, 500, 504–505, 509, 513, 522–523
    • anti-U.S. demonstrations, 483
    • bombings of Yugoslav diplomatic missions, 483–484
    • claims settlements, 160, 471
    • cultural and scientific exchanges, 47, 472–473, 502
    • gold, Nazi-looted, 70, 199
    • U.S. economic aid to, 90, 475–478, 483–484, 517
    • U.S. military aid to, 90, 450, 514, 517
  • Vatican, relations with, 528
• Zablocki, Clement J., 63, 376
• Zambrowski, Roman, 7
• Zechenyi, Yorgys, 300
• Zhegalin, Ivan Kuzmich, 386
• Zhivkov, Todor:
  • political situation in Bulgaria, 6
  • Soviet-Bulgarian relations, 41, 105, 130
  • U.S.-Bulgarian relations, 123–127, 129, 134, 135n , 136–139
  • visit to Turkey, 1968, 141
• Zhivkov, Zhivko, 144
• Ziak (Czechoslovakia), 203
• Zundritsch, Otto, 531