Index

• Adams, J. Wesley, 3, 36n, 37n, 43n, 54
• Adams, Gen. Paul D., 404n, 441–442, 452, 453–454
• Afghanistan (see also Afghan - Soviet relations; Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute), 183
  • Bowles’ visit (1962), 216–219
  • economic situation, 659
  • Helmand Valley project, 12, 15, 218
  • India, relations with, 549
  • Iran transit route, 93, 95, 137n, 146, 169, 175, 185, 191, 193, 196, 239, 444, 445
    • U.S. acceptance of, 472–475, 476–477, 483–485
  • Kennedy - Zahir correspondence, 101–103, 109–111
  • Naim’s visit to U.S. (1962), 331–332, 334–338political situation, 327, 521, 659–660
  • U.S. aid to limit Soviet influence, 226, 238–240
  • U.S. economic assistance (see also Iran transit route above), 12–15, 43–44, 51, 76–78, 86–87, 137, 143–144, 218
    • Kabul - Kandahar road, 474–475, 484 movement of goods through closed border, 167–169, 174–178, 191–193, 195–196, 199–201, 223, 227n
  • U.S. education assistance, 13–14
  • U.S. objectives re, 475–476
  • Yusuf government, installation of, 521
  • Zahir’s visit to U.S. (1963), 484–485, 657–660, 669–671
• Afghan - Soviet relations, 17, 21, 34, 216n
  • Afghan over - dependence on Soviets, 86–87, 331
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute and, 92–94, 209, 447
  • Soviet objectives, 217, 330
  • U.S. intelligence report on, 222
  • U.S. policy, 476
  • Zahir’s assessment of, 658–659, 670–671
• Ahmed, Aziz, 20, 37, 53, 66, 232–233, 326, 661
  • Chinese representation in U.N., 207–208
  • Indian - Pakistani relations:
    • broadened contacts at all levels, proposed, 306–307
    • joint defense proposal, 256
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 285–287
  • Kashmir dispute:
    • armed attack, Pakistani concerns re, 171–173, 205–206, 256
    • Goa dispute, relation to, 171–173mediation option (1963 initiative), 649–653
    • “no war” declaration issue, 307–308
    • U.N. action on, 170
  • Kashmir negotiations:
    • Ladakh issue, 502–503, 512, 514
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 510–512
    • U.S. involvement, proposed, 487–488
    • U.S. support for, 225n
  • Pakistan Consortium, 206–207
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 92–94, 112–113
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations:
    • air link, 618
    • border situation, 256–257, 510–512
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 306
    • Ahmed’s farewell visit with Kennedy, 617–619
    • alliance issue, 323–324
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 125, 256, 257, 285–287, 308–309, 374, 376–377, 555–556
• Ahmed, Ghulam, 54, 55, 57, 694
• Ahmed, Nazir, 709, 723n
• Aid India Club, 5
• Air defense of India. See Air defense program under U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India.
• Ali, Mohammed, 369, 372, 392n, 414 death of, 494n
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 402–403
  • Kashmir dispute, 345, 346
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 347n
    • compromise formula for ending, 338–339, 345, 348
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 345, 463n
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 402–403
  • Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 344–345
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 481–482
• Ali, Salman, 171, 230, 255, 285, 306, 661
• Ali, Sayed Amjad, 441n
• Ali, Wazir, 53
• Ali Mohamed Khan, Sardar - i - Ala, 104, 167
• Alsop, Joseph, 678
• Amachree, Godfrey Kio Jaja, 231
• Anderson, Adm. George, Jr., 433–434, 564–565 Aram, Abbas, 338, 339, 348, 605, 606 Asghar Khan, Mohammed, 723n
• Austria, 39, 316
• Ayub Khan, Mohammed:
  • Afghan officials, assessment of, 331
  • Afghan political situation, 327
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 330
• India:
  • communist threat, 28
  • political situation, 304
  • regionalism problem, 69
• Indian - Chinese border dispute:
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 442, 710–711
  • Chinese objectives, 411
  • Pakistani policy, 353–355, 358–359, 369–373, 377–380
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 628–631
• Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 714–716
• Indian - Pakistani relations:
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 252–253
  • communal rioting, 30
  • Harriman mission to find common ground, 409–414, 420–421, 441–442
  • water issues, 28
• Indian - Soviet relations, 305
• international scene, assessment of, 48–49, 67–68
• Kashmir dispute, 18, 28, 50
  • Galbraith, discussions with, 158–159
  • mediation option, 195, 202
  • mediation option (1963 initiative), 577–579, 649, 663–664
  • U.N. action on, 70, 170–171, 202–203, 234–236, 251–252, 289, 303
  • U.S. leverage with India, 6–8, 47–48, 52–53, 68–70, 126, 355
• Kashmir negotiations, 214, 220, 221
  • Ayub’s attitude toward, 69, 304, 305, 461–462, 567–568failure, inevitability of, 538
  • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 441–442
  • Pakistani agreement to, 409–412
  • Pakistani initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 518–519
  • preliminary talks, 235
  • U.S. involvement, proposed, 492–493
• Nehru, assessment of, 252–253, 568
• Nehru’s assessment of, 133
• Pakistan:
  • economic situation, 30, 49–50foreign relations, 64–65
  • German military assistance, 568–569
  • military situation, 49
  • neutralist sentiments, 2
  • political situation, 61–63, 413
• Pakistan Consortium, 206n
• Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 569
  • Afghan proposal for ending dispute, 229n
  • armed conflict, potential for, 21
  • border closing, 88
  • compromise formula to end dispute, 348
  • Iranian mediation effort, 297, 301–303
  • mediation, U.S. offer re, 89n, 91, 114n
  • nmediation effort by Merchant, 116, 117, 118, 120–121, 123
  • Pakistani use of U.S. arms, 34–35, 73
  • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 302–303, 548
  • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 27, 210n, 327–331
  • U.S. leverage with Afghanistan, 71–72
• Pakistani - Chinese relations:
  • border situation, 28–29
  • Chou’s visit to Pakistan, 718
  • normalization option, 666–668, 718
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 666–668, 718–719
• Pakistani - Soviet relations, 10, 70–71
• Pakistani - U.S. relations, 179–181
  • alliance issue, 8–10, 11
  • anti - Americanism in Pakistan, 414
  • anti - colonialism issue, 11
  • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1961), 66–74
  • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1962), 326–331
  • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 628, 661–668
  • Bowles’ visit to Pakistan (1962), 221
  • Harriman’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 26–30
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 628–631
  • Johnson’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 45–50
  • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 8–9, 10, 11, 16, 24–26, 46n, 120–121, 125–126, 170–171, 201–203, 206n, 208, 234–236, 251–252, 358–359, 377–380, 420–421, 441–442, 458–459, 466–467, 492–493, 518–519
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 666–668, 718–719
  • Rusk’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 567–569
  • Taylor’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 709–717, 718–719
  • U.S. security guarantee, 29–30, 208, 630, 714
• U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 458–459, 461–463, 466–467
• U.S. economic assistance to India, 253–254
• U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 50
• U.S. military assistance to India, 74, 125, 278, 298, 305, 370, 379–380, 386, 411, 421n, 442, 568, 709–714
• U.S. military assistance to Pakistan:
  • delivery problems, 333–334
  • joint planning against communist threat, 663
  • operational planning and prepositioning, 712–713
  • tanks and submarines, 333–334
• Aziz, Abdul Hai, 87, 94, 443, 444, 445
• Bakshi, G. M., 683n, 703
• Baldwin, Marion, 702
• Ball, George W., 194n, 195n, 208, 269, 292, 561, 588, 593, 655n, 695
  • Goa dispute, 153, 157–158, 161n, 163
  • India Consortium, 38–39
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in:
    • carrier task force, 706–707
    • communications stations, 653–654
  • Indian - U.S. relations:
    • ferromanganese barter, 6
    • sugar quota in U.S. market, 5
  • Kashmir dispute, 211–212, 287
  • Kashmir negotiations, 224, 225n, 463–465
  • Pakistan Consortium, 53–57
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • settlement proposal (April 1963), 541–543
    • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 209–210
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 664–668
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 628, 631, 635–636, 637–638, 639, 661–668, 671–673, 675–678
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct. 1963), 679
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 664–668
    • U.S. security guarantee, 673
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 432
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 3–5, 33, 36
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 33, 35
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • five - year program, 707–708
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 254, 260, 311, 312
    • Pakistani position, 671–673
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan:
    • delivery problems, 333–334
    • Indian concerns re, 79–80
    • tanks and submarines, 333–334
    • three - year program, 645–648
• Ball Mission to Pakistan. SeeBall’s visit to Pakistan under Pakistani - U.S. relations.
• Banerji, S. K., 40
• Battle, Lucius D., 36n, 38n, 120n, 128n, 139n, 181n, 234n
• Belgium, 316
• Belgrade conference (1961), 84–85
• Bell, David E., 472, 585, 699
• Berlin issue, 67, 81–82
• Bhabha, Dr., 611
• Bhoothalingam, Shri, 551n
• Bhutan, 354, 368
• Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali, 8, 45, 64, 601, 652, 661
  • Foreign Minister appointment, 494n
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 715, 716
  • Kashmir dispute, 596–599, 732
  • Kashmir negotiations, 462n, 477n, 557n, 596n
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 24n, 548–549, 605n
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations:
    • border situation, 511
    • normalization option, 679–680
    • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 695–696
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct. 1963), 679–680
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Dec., 1963), 694–696
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 695–696
    • Taylor’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 715, 716, 717
• Black, Eugene, 39, 190, 194, 202, 206, 571
• Blue, William L., 675
• Bogra, Mohammed Ali, 233
• Boland, Frederick H., 288, 289, 291
• Bottomly, Lt. Col. Heath, 30n
• Bowles, Chester B., 3, 76n, 101n, 103n, 307, 587, 609
  • Afghanistan:
    • Bowles’ visit (1962), 216–219
    • Iran transit route, 93
    • U.S. aid to limit Soviet influence, 226, 238n, 239, 240
    • U.S. economic assistance, 43–44, 218
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 216n
  • Ambassadorial appointment, 621n
  • Berlin issue, 81–82
  • China, People’s Republic of:
    • Tibet occupation, 84
    • U.S. - Indian assessment of, 82–84
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 728–729
  • Indian - U.S. relations:
    • Bowles’ visit to India (1961), 80–86
    • Bowles’ visit to India (1962), 212–213, 219n
    • Taylor’s visit to India (1963), 720, 722
  • Kashmir dispute, 213
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 624–626, 642–645, 655n
  • Kashmir negotiations, 221
  • nuclear weapons, 86
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 92–94, 120–121
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 628n
    • Bowles’ assessment of, 727–730
    • Bowles’ visit to Pakistan (1962), 221
  • United Nations, India’s role in, 85
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 564, 595, 596, 622
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 689
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • Defense Department position, 57, 96
    • five - year program, 689, 690–691
    • funding levels, 562
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 621n, 648n
• Brazil, 154
• Breisky, A. E., 272, 323, 398n
• Brewer, William D., 443, 444
• Brubeck, William H., 272, 325n, 441n, 501, 502n, 589n
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 321–323, 340–343
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 317–318
• Bruce, David K. E., 419, 543–545
• Bundy, McGeorge, 120n, 136n, 139n, 157n, 164, 166n, 181n, 190, 191n, 193n, 194n, 234n, 269, 270n, 272, 278, 280n, 325n, 352n, 376n, 377n, 405n, 441n, 461n, 501, 502n, 518n, 519n, 575n, 590n, 591n, 607n, 614n, 678, 693
  • Afghanistan, 226, 238
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 321, 340, 350, 515
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 638, 681
  • Indian - Pakistani relations, 701
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 242, 254
  • Indian - U.S. relations, 291–292
  • Kashmir dispute, 288, 296n, 297n, 731
  • Kashmir negotiations, 537, 564
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 223, 317
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 637, 638–639
    • reevaluation of U.S. policy, proposals for, 179
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 586, 589
    • U.S. - U.K. working group on, 543, 545
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 569
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 361n
    • five - year program, 690, 696–697
    • funding levels, 562
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 564
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 309
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 622
• Bundy, William P., 79, 150n, 265n, 269, 270n, 333n, 385, 394, 428, 570, 590n, 611n
  • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 636, 638
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 594, 595–596
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 449, 451, 455
• Bunker, Ellsworth, 571
• Burki, Gen., 45, 165
• Burma, 58, 322, 354, 562, 601, 721
• Byroade, Henry A., 71, 201n
  • Afghanistan:
    • Iran transit route, 137n
    • U.S. economic assistance, 12–15, 43n, 51, 86–87
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 86–87
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • Afghan position, 104–106
    • armed conflict, potential for, 20–23
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 23–24, 91, 94–96, 99–103, 104–106, 113, 114n
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 116, 120n, 122, 124, 125
    • moratorium on border closing, 167–168, 174–176, 178n, 195n, 199–201
    • Soviet policy, 22–23
• Cameron, Turner C., Jr., 243, 251n, 259n, 260n, 261n, 262n, 264n, 272n, 280n, 296n, 298, 310n, 314n, 333n, 349n, 352n, 358n, 360n, 377n, 420n, 422n, 423n, 465, 483n, 489n, 490n, 498n, 541n, 545n, 555n, 579n, 590n, 655n, 661, 694n
• Canada, 38, 39, 52, 366
• Carle, Robert J., 43n, 76n, 317n, 483n, 486n, 541n, 545n
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 60n, 222n, 257n, 263n, 363
• Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), 1, 456, 663, 715
• Ceylon, 354, 715
• Chagla, Mohammed Ali Currim, 5, 78
• Chatterjee, D. N., 80n
• Chaudhury, Lt. Gen. J. N., 162, 720
• Chavan, Yashwantrao, 382, 424, 720
• Chayes, Abram, 392, 579n
• Chen Yi, 386, 511n
• Chiang Kai - shek, 68
• Chile, 289–290
• China, People’s Republic of (see also Indian - Chinese border dispute; Pakistani - Chinese relations), 48–49, 568
  • food situation, 212
  • foreign policy, Nehru’s assessment of, 633–634
  • nuclear weapons, 131, 721
  • Soviet - Chinese relations, 31
  • Tibet occupation, 84
  • U.N. representation issue, 207–208
  • U.S. - Indian assessment of, 82–84
• Chou En - lai, 31, 386, 415, 601, 679–680, 699, 718
• Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 524n
• Cleveland, J. Harlan, 232, 233, 296n, 731n
  • Kashmir dispute, U.N. action on, 287–290
  • Kashmir negotiations, U.S. support for, 224–225
• Clifton, Gen. Chester V., 164n
• Coffin, Frank, 561, 593
• Commonwealth countries. See U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India.
• Congo, 32, 85, 198
• Coon, Carleton S., 579n
• Cottam, Howard R., 3, 36n, 37n, 55, 56–57
• Daud, Sarder Mohammed, 17, 34
  • Afghanistan:
    • Bowles’ visit (1962), 216–218
    • U.S. economic assistance, 86
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 217
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 331
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 23n
    • Afghan position, 217, 443–447
    • armed conflict, potential for, 21, 22
    • border closing, 88
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 94–96
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 116, 118
    • moratorium on border closing, 176, 227n
  • political downfall, 521
• Dayal, Rajeshwar, 32, 213, 224
• Dean, Sir Patrick, 231
• Defense, U.S. Department of (see also Joint Chiefs of Staff), 363
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in:
    • carrier task force, 681
    • communications stations, 654
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 57–58, 96–98, 150–151, 494, 697
• Dehlavi, S. K., 45, 66, 117, 201, 348, 369, 372, 391, 412, 413, 461
• Denmark, 39
• Desai, M. J., 40, 107, 128, 211, 212, 219–220, 278n, 321, 397, 415, 416, 449, 539, 554, 572, 594n, 601, 720
  • Goa dispute, 155–156
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 341
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 240–242, 246
  • Kashmir dispute, 625, 655n
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 600, 615n, 622
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 342, 350, 613n
• Desai, Morarji, 219, 283, 299, 350, 417, 424
• Development Loan Fund, (DLF), 56
• Dillon, C. Douglas, 584, 728
• Disarmament, 139–140
• Dixon, Sir Owen, 233, 512
• Duke, Angier Biddle, 657
• Dulles, John Foster, 728
• Dungan, Ralph A., 24n, 36n, 37n, 38n
  • Durand Line, 21n
• Durand Line dispute. See Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute.
• Dutt, Subimal, 609
• Dutt, Air Vice Marshal, 300
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 9, 408, 663
• Engineer, Air Marshal A. M., 151
• Etemadi, Nur Ahmed, 109, 167n, 174, 176–177, 199, 228, 443
• Ethiopia, 212
• Ewell, Col. Julian J., 309
• Export - Import Bank, 52
• FitzGerald, Dennis, 394
• France, 39, 52, 67, 131, 162, 366, 469, 497
  • Mirage aircraft for India, proposed, 268n
• Fulbright, J. William, 491n
• Galbraith, J. Kenneth, 19, 57, 269
• Goa dispute, 146n, 148, 150n, 152–153, 154, 155–156, 157n, 160–162
  • India:
    • Menon’s departure from office, 357, 381–382
    • military situation, 248
    • political situation, 248, 319–320
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute:
    • Chinese objectives, 382–383
    • Indian - Pakistani relations and, 383–384
    • Indian policy, 346–347
    • maximum political and military effort required of India, 400
    • military activity, 341
    • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 389
    • political effects in India, 380–382
    • press coverage, 382
    • U.S. military involvement, proposed, 397
    • U.S. policy, 343–344, 360n
    • U.S. policy objectives in South Asia and, 387–390
  • Indian - Pakistani relations:
    • Harriman mission to find common ground, 405n, 414–417
    • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 383–384
  • Indian - Soviet relations, MIG aircraft for India, 240–242, 246–247, 249, 281–284, 312–314, 320–321, 325, 326, 453, 456
  • Indian - U.S. relations:
    • Bowles’ visit to India (1962), 212–213, 219n
    • Johnson’s visit to India (1961), 42
    • Nehru’s visit to U.S. (1961), 128, 129–130, 133, 134neutrality policy of India and, 78
    • Rusk’s visit to India (1963), 571, 572–574
    • status of relationship following Goa and Kashmir debates in U.N., 291, 292–294
  • Kashmir dispute, 448–449
    • Ayub - Galbraith discussions, 158–159
    • Indian - Pakistani overall relations and, 59–60 Indian position, 133, 134
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 571, 572
    • plebiscite issue, 295–296, 297n, 547
    • U.N. action on, 164–166
    • U.S. leverage with India, 166
    • Valley joint tenancy proposal, 107–109
  • Kashmir negotiations, 423n
    • “elements” settlement proposal, 553–554
    • Galbraith - Nehru discussions, 546–548
    • Indian agreement to, 165–166
    • Indian domestic opposition to settlement, 517
    • joint statement of objectives, 478
    • partition proposal, 486
    • U.S. - Indian political bargain, Galbraith’s proposal re, 526–529, 553
    • U.S. military assistance to India and, 523
  • Nehru’s relations with, 81
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 517, 615–617
    • Nehru informed of, 460n
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 449, 451, 454, 456, 457
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 36, 37
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 36, 37
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 97–98, 151n
    • advisory personnel, 361–362
    • dual - purpose equipment, 150
    • FY 1964 amounts, 613n
    • Galbraith’s support for, 249–250
    • Indian requests, 361
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 523
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 269, 280, 281, 283–284, 310, 313
    • Menon’s departure from office and, 357
    • U.S. contingency planning, 350–351
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 79, 134, 294
• Gandhi, Indira, 304, 347
• Gatch, John N., Jr., 111n, 112n, 127n, 142n, 177n, 195n, 208n, 209n, 230, 243, 255, 272n, 285, 333n, 344n, 347n, 349n, 458n, 489n, 498n, 510, 518n, 541n, 605n
• Gaud, William S., 136, 142n, 169n, 177n, 193n, 195n, 376n, 377n, 385, 396, 428, 472, 483n, 561, 570, 657
• Geneva Conference of 1954, 130
• German Democratic Republic, 81
• Germany, Federal Republic of, 38, 52, 54, 56, 87, 469, 497
  • military assistance to Pakistan, 568–569
• Ghaffar Khan, Abdul, 20–21, 75
• Ghana, 134, 289
• Ghazi, Zalmai Mahmud, 657, 669
• Gilpatric, Roswell L. , 57–58, 96–98, 561, 593, 681, 722n
• Goa dispute, 146–150, 152–158, 160–163
  • Indian - U.S. relations and, 197–199, 214–215
  • Kashmir dispute, relation to, 171–173
  • U.S. economic assistance to India and, 187–188, 198–199
• Goodpaster, Gen. Andrew J., 394, 713, 715
• Gore-Booth, Sir Paul, 152, 554, 570, 625, 632, 645
• Graham, Frank P., 170, 234
• Grant, James P., 213, 224n, 243, 251n, 260n, 264n, 269, 270n, 272n, 278, 279, 280n, 286, 287, 334, 352n, 376n, 377n, 385, 395–396, 458n, 459n, 486n, 487, 489n, 490n, 563, 579n, 583n, 590n, 639n, 645n, 655n, 683, 684, 731n
  • India’s aggressive intentions, Pakistani aide - memoire on, 685–688
• Greece, 104
• Guinea, 72
• Gul, Bacha, 35, 106
• Gundevia, Yezdezard Dinshaw, 554, 573
• Gupta, Chandra Bhanu, 424
• Hall, William O., 220, 221
• Hamilton, Fowler, 204
• Hangen, Welles, 514
• Hannah, Norman B., 174, 175, 176, 199, 219, 228
• Harriman, W. Averell, 20n, 109, 396, 420n, 422n, 489n, 490n, 518n, 519n, 590n, 611n
  • India, visit to (1961), 30–32
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 411
  • Indian - Pakistani relations, mission to find common ground, 404, 405–418, 420–423, 426–427, 441–442
  • Indian - Soviet relations, MIG aircraft for India, 417, 418, 456
  • Kashmir dispute, 683–685
  • Kashmir negotiations, 409–412, 508, 536
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 23n, 27
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 29
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 631, 636–637, 676
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct., 1963), 679
    • Harriman’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 26–30
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 595
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 451–452, 456, 457
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 411
• Hassan, Said, 414
• Henry, David H., II, 99n
• Herter, Christian A., 728
• Hewitt, Warren E., 191n, 193n, 195n, 208n
• Hilaly, Aghampuakha, 305
• Hilliker, Grant G., 607n
• Hilsman, Roger, Jr., 394, 404n
• Holmes, Julius C., 303, 543n, 605, 606, 668
• Home, Lord Alexander Douglas, 452, 453, 456, 457
• Hood, Lord, 260
• Horgan, Rogers B., 146n, 149n, 153n, 166n, 211n, 224n, 243, 259n
• Hull, Gen. Sir Richard, 453–454, 543
• Humphrey, Hubert H., 470
• Hunt (UK), 653
• India (see also Goa dispute; Indian - Chinese border dispute; Indian - Pakistani relations; Indian - Soviet relations; Indian - U.S. relations; Kashmir dispute; Kashmir negotiations; U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India; U.S. economic assistance to India; U.S. military assistance to India):
  • Afghanistan, relations with, 549
  • Communist threat, 28
  • economic situation, 257–258
  • foreign relations, 128–130, 258
  • international economic assistance, see India Consortium
  • international stature, 182
  • Menon’s departure from office, 353, 357–358, 365, 381–382
  • military situation, 248, 426–427, 497, 720–721, 722neutrality policy, 78–79, 258, 427, 601–602
  • nuclear weapons policy, 611
  • political situation, 248, 257, 258, 304, 319–320, 365, 375, 380–382
  • regionalism problem, 69
  • Southeast Asia policy, 219–220
  • U.N. role, 85
  • U.S. intelligence report on, 257–258
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, concerns re, 79–80, 134, 294
• India Consortium, 33, 38–39, 51–52, 54–55, 316–317, 559, 604
• Indian - Chinese border dispute, 1, 31, 180, 255n, 258, 728–729
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 442, 710–711cease - fire, 403n, 415–416
  • Chinese objectives, 382–383, 411, 418, 453
  • Colombo proposals, 479n, 485
  • gradual ending, 435–436
  • Indian assessment of, 601, 609, 610
  • Indian - Pakistani relations and, 383–384
  • Indian policy, 346–347
  • maximum political and military effort required of India, 400–401
  • military activity, 340–341, 349n, 350, 364–365
  • negotiations, 321–323, 341–342, 396, 403n, 415
  • Nehru’s assessment of, 415
  • Pakistani policy, 349, 353–356, 358–359, 369–373, 377–380
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 389, 390–391, 402–403, 628–631
  • political effects in India, 365, 380–382
  • press coverage, 382
  • resumption of hostilities, U.S. study re, 515, 524–526
  • Soviet policy, 351, 365
  • timing of Chinese attack, 573
  • U.S. assessments of, 363–368, 394–395, 396, 398–399
  • U.S. military assistance to India and, 340, 342–343, 350–351, 361–362, 399, 526
  • U.S. military involvement, proposed, 397, 401–402
  • U.S. policy, 343–344, 351–353, 360, 366–368
  • U.S. policy objectives in South Asia and, 387–390
  • U.S. security commitment to India, 220
  • Western military assistance for India, 366
• Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 638
  • carrier task force, 564–565, 614–615, 641, 681–683, 691–693, 706–707, 712, 714–716, 721
  • communications stations, 565, 623–624, 653–654
• Indian - Pakistani relations (see also Kashmir dispute; Kashmir negotiations), 431
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 252–253
  • broadened contacts at all levels, proposed, 306–307
  • communal rioting, 19–20, 30
  • expulsions of Muslims from India, 703
  • future prospects, U.S. paper on, 701–706
  • Harriman mission to find common ground, 404, 405–418, 420–423, 426–427, 441–442
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 383–384
  • India’s aggressive intentions, Pakistani aide - memoire on, 685–688, 702
  • joint defense proposal, 256, 431
  • Nehru’s assessment of, 573–574
  • transportation arrangements between East and West Pakistan, 73
  • water issues, 28
• Indian - Soviet relations, 712
  • economic assistance for India, 5
  • MIG aircraft for India, 240–243, 246–247, 249, 254–255, 259–260, 278n, 281–284, 285–287, 310, 417, 418, 453, 456
    • Ayub’s assessment of, 305
    • Indian decision re, 312–314
    • negotiations re, 325–326
    • U.S. cessation of opposition, 314–316, 320–321military relations, 57
  • U.S. military assistance to India and, 726–727
• Indian - U.S. relations (see also U.S. economic assistance to India; U.S. military assistance to India), 480
  • Bowles’ visit to India (1961), 80–86
  • Bowles’ visit to India (1962), 212–213, 219nferromanganese barter, 6
  • Goa dispute and, 197–199, 214–215
  • Harriman’s visit to India (1961), 30–32
  • Indian appreciation of, 318–319
  • Johnson’s visit to India (1961), 40–43
  • Kennedy - Nehru correspondence, 32n, 39–40, 156–157, 194–195, 197–199, 211, 318–319, 352, 360, 397, 398, 403–404, 422–423, 429, 459–460, 490–491, 501, 519–520, 552, 632–635, 639–640, 655, 688
  • Krishnamachari’s visit to U.S. (1963), 594n, 599–604
  • Menon’s visit to U.S. (1961), 139–142
  • Nehru’s visit to U.S. (1961), 128–135neutrality policy of India and, 78–79public image of U.S. in India, 214
  • Radhakrishnan’s visit to U.S. (1963), 608–611
  • Rusk’s visit to India (1961), 32
  • Rusk’s visit to India (1963), 570–577status of relationship following Goa and Kashmir debates in U.N., 291–294sugar quota in U.S. market, 5
  • Taylor’s visit to India (1963), 719–722
  • U.S. courses of action, 243–245
• Indonesia, 58
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 5, 51, 52, 54, 204n, 316
• International Control Commission (ICC), 140, 141
• International Development Association (IDA), 5
• Iran, 31, 104, 212
  • Afghan transit route through. See under Afghanistan.
  • Pakistan, relations with, 17
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, mediation effort re, 297, 301–303, 317–318
• Iraq, 17
• Ireland, 289, 290, 291
• Italy, 316, 469, 497
• Jackson, Elmore, 498, 531, 534, 537, 596
• Jacques, Sidney B., 3
• Jaffri, M., 236, 510
• James, Sir Morrice, 414, 462–463, 577, 578, 596
• Japan, 52, 85
• Jarring, Gunnar, 231
• Jha, Chandra S., 189
• Jha, L. K., 241
• Johnson, Gen., 428
• Johnson, Charles K., 311n
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 66, 722n
  • India, visit to (1961), 40–43
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 695–696
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Dec., 1963), 694–696
    • Bowles’ assessment of, 727
    • Johnson’s intention to improve relations, 693
    • Johnson’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 45–50
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 695–696
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 696, 697n
• Johnson, U. Alexis, 79, 157n, 262n, 269, 314n, 430n, 458n, 459n, 483n, 565n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 497, 565n
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 641n, 681n
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 433–434, 521–523, 584
• Jones, G. Lewis, Jr., 2–3, 19, 20, 24n
• Josif, Harold G., 679, 731n
• Kashmir dispute (see also Kashmir negotiations), 1, 18–19, 28, 31, 50, 258, 275, 345, 346, 448–449, 602–604
  • armed attack, Pakistani concerns re, 171–173, 205–206, 256
  • Ayub - Galbraith discussions, 158–159
  • Goa dispute, relation to, 171–173
  • Indian - Pakistani overall relations and, 59–60
  • Indian position, 131–134
  • integration of Kashmir into Indian Union, proposed, 683–685, 686, 703
  • mediation option, 190, 194–195, 202, 206, 211–212
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 570–572, 577–579
    • Bowles’ assessment of, 624–626
    • Indian position, 632–635, 639–640, 655
    • Pakistani position, 596–599, 649n, 663–664
    • U.S. - Indian discussions, 642–645
    • U.S. - Pakistani discussions, 649–653
    • U.S. strategy, 655–656
  • military forces involved, 68
  • “no war” declaration issue, 307–308
  • plebiscite issue (see also U.N. action on below), 295–297, 547, 574
  • Rusk’s assessment of, 575–576sacred relic theft, 731–733
  • U.N. action on, 70, 164–167, 170–171, 189, 190, 202–203, 213, 224, 234–236, 509
    • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 251–252
    • Pakistani assessment of, 303
    • Pakistani strategy, 230–233
    • recapitulation report, 287–290
    • Security Council vote, 291
  • U.N. Military Observer Group, 704
  • U.S. leverage with India, 6–8, 47–48, 52–53, 68–70, 126, 166, 236–238, 355
  • U.S. military assistance to India and, 612, 613n
  • U.S. policy issues, 185–187
  • Valley joint tenancy proposal, 107–109
• Kashmir negotiations, 214, 220, 221, 384, 423n, 439–440
  • Ayub’s attitude toward, 69, 304, 305, 461–462, 567–568collapse of, 596n
  • “elements” settlement proposal, 534, 552, 553–554failure, consequences for U.S., 507
  • failure, inevitability of, 538–541failure, Nehru’s assessment of, 639n
  • Galbraith - Nehru discussions, 546–548
  • Indian agreement to, 165–166, 410n, 414, 416–417
  • Indian assessment of, 609–610
  • Indian domestic opposition to settlement, 517
  • Indian initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 490–491, 519–520
  • internationalization proposal, 498–499, 516
  • joint statement of objectives, 478
  • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 441–442
  • Komer’s assessment of, 468
  • Ladakh issue, 502–503, 512–513, 514
  • negotiating sessions:
    • first, 462n
    • second, 477–478
    • third, 494–495
    • fourth, 523n
    • fifth, 557n
    • sixth, 596n
  • Pakistani agreement to, 409–412
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 479, 510–512, 518
  • Pakistani initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 518–519
  • Pakistani proposals, U.S. assessment of, 489–490partition proposal, 485–486preliminary talks, 235
  • Rostow - Komer mission re, 535, 538–541
  • Rusk’s assessment of, 557
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India and, 517, 551
  • U.S. - Indian political bargain, Galbraith’s proposal re, 526–529, 530, 553
  • U.S. integrated proposal for settlement, 506–507
  • U.S. involvement, proposed, 487–488, 492–493
  • U.S. leverage in, 505–506
  • U.S. military assistance to India and, 523–524, 536, 563–564
  • U.S. strategy, 224–225, 437–438, 463–465, 470, 471–472, 495, 498–501, 504–510, 529–537, 552
  • U.S. - U.K. coordination, 423–425, 431–432, 495, 516, 529–534
• Kaul, Gen. B. M., 219, 220
• Kaysen, Carl, 205, 296n, 300n, 352n, 355n, 358n, 360n, 376n, 394, 398n, 404n, 561n
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 351–352, 363, 387
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 385
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 357–358, 374, 386
• Kelly, Maj. Gen. John, 362n
• Kennedy, Jacqueline, 213n
• Kennedy, John F., 546n, 550, 556, 575n, 694n
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 658–659
  • Afghanistan:
    • Iran transit route, 191, 193, 472, 476
    • Kennedy - Zahir correspondence, 101–103, 109–111
    • Naim’s visit to U.S. (1962), 331–332, 334–338
    • Zahir’s visit to U.S. (1963), 657–660, 669–671
  • Chinese representation in U.N., 207–208
  • Goa dispute, 156–157, 158, 163n, 197–199, 214–215
  • India, 319, 601
  • India Consortium, 38
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute:
    • Indian assessment of, 601, 609, 610
    • maximum political and military effort required of India, 400n
    • Pakistani policy, 358–359, 377
    • political effects in India, 380
    • resumption of hostilities, U.S. study re, 515, 524
    • U.S. military involvement, proposed, 397
    • U.S. policy, 351, 352–353, 360
    • U.S. status report on, 363
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 614
  • Indian - Pakistani relations:
    • communal rioting, 19–20
    • Harriman mission to find common ground, 404, 405–408, 420–423
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 314
  • Indian - U.S. relations, 30
    • Goa dispute and, 197–199, 214–215
    • Indian appreciation of, 318–319
    • Kennedy - Nehru correspondence, 32n, 39–40, 156–157, 194–195, 197–199, 211, 318–319, 352, 360, 397, 398, 403–404, 422–423, 429, 459–460, 490–491, 501, 519–520, 552, 632–635, 639–640, 655, 688
    • Krishnamachari’s visit to U.S. (1963), 601–604
    • Menon’s visit to U.S. (1961), 139–142
    • Nehru’s visit to U.S. (1961), 128–135public image of U.S. in India, 214
    • Radhakrishnan’s visit to U.S. (1963), 608–611
    • status of relationship following Goa and Kashmir debates in U.N., 291
  • Kashmir dispute, 18–19, 602–604
    • armed attack, Pakistani concerns re, 205–206
    • Indian position, 131–134
    • mediation option, 190, 194–195, 202, 206, 211–212
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 599n, 632, 639–640, 655
    • plebiscite issue, 296, 297n
    • U.N. action on, 70, 170, 190, 234–236, 251–252, 290
    • U.S. leverage with India, 68–70
  • Kashmir negotiations, 214, 439–440
    • Ayub’s desire for, 69
    • “elements” settlement proposal, 553
    • failure, inevitability of, 538
    • Indian initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 490–491, 519–520
    • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 441–442
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 479
    • Pakistani initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 518–519
    • partition proposal, 485
    • Rostow - Komer mission re, 538
    • U.S. involvement, proposed, 487–488, 492–493
    • U.S. military assistance to India and, 523–524, 536, 563–564
    • U.S. strategy, 504, 508–510, 529, 535–537
    • U.S. - U.K. coordination, 516, 529
  • Laos, 67, 129–130
  • Nassau conference (1962), 448–458
  • nuclear weapons, 130, 131, 215, 588, 638
  • Pakistan:
    • economic situation, 19
    • Iran, relations with, 17
  • Pakistan Consortium, 204, 206–207
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • border closing, 87
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 101–103, 111–112
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 114–115, 116, 120–121, 135–136
    • moratorium on border closing, 191
    • Pakistani use of U.S. arms, 72–73, 76
    • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 605–606
    • U.S. - Afghan discussions, 75–76, 331, 334–338
    • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 327–331
    • U.S. leverage with Afghanistan, 71–72
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 19, 345
  • Pakistani - Soviet relations, 18
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • anti - colonialism issue, 16–17, 25
    • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1961), 66–74
    • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1962), 326–331
    • Aziz Ahmed’s farewell visit with Kennedy, 617–619
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 631, 636, 637–638, 676, 677, 678
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct., 1963), 679–680
    • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 8–9, 10, 11, 16, 24–26, 46n, 120–121, 125–126, 170–171, 201–203, 206n, 208, 234–236, 251–252, 358–359, 377–380, 420–421, 441–442, 458–459, 466–467, 492–493, 518–519
    • U.S. intelligence facilities in Pakistan, 627
    • U.S. security guarantee, 208
  • U.N. disarmament discussions, 140
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 418
    • air defense program, 465–466, 479, 563, 564, 579, 584, 585, 586, 587, 589, 590–593, 594, 595, 596, 607–608
    • Ayub informed of, 458–459
    • Ayub’s attitude toward, 466–467
    • Nehru informed of, 459–460
    • NSC Subcommittee proposal re, 434
    • rationale for, 385, 395, 396
    • U.S. approval of, 429–430
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 452, 453–454, 456, 457
    • U.S. - U.K. communications re, 419–420, 430–432
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 33, 39, 41n, 190, 198–199
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 33, 190–191, 569
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 190
    • five - year program, 689, 690–691
    • funding levels, 562–563
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 523–524, 536, 563–564
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 259, 260–262, 264–271, 278–281, 284n, 298–301, 309, 310–312, 316n
    • Pakistani position, 74, 125, 374, 375, 376–377
  • U.S. - Soviet relations, 66–67
  • Vietnam, 140–142, 215
  • Yugoslavia, 134–135
• Kettelhut, Marvin C., 150n, 333n
• Kharas, Jamshed Gustadji, 466
• Khrushchev, Nikita S., 9, 31, 66–67, 78, 81, 131, 417, 696
• Khurshid (President of Azad Kashmir), 230, 548
• Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 79, 349n, 565n
• Knepper, William E., 398n
• Komer, Robert W., 99n, 115, 190–191, 269, 270n, 279, 280n, 300n, 325n, 403n, 405n, 428, 458n, 459n, 465, 487, 489n, 490n, 563, 575n, 593, 601, 611n, 617n, 639n
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 331
  • Afghanistan:
    • Iran transit route, 476–477
    • U.S. aid to limit Soviet influence, 226, 238–240
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 395, 435–436, 485, 524–526
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 614–615, 681–683
  • Indian - Soviet relations, MIG aircraft for India, 242–243, 254–255
  • Kashmir dispute, 164, 599n
  • Kashmir negotiations, 468
    • “elements” settlement proposal, 553–554partition proposal, 485–486
    • Rostow - Komer mission re, 535, 538n
    • U.S. strategy, 437–438, 504–505, 508, 509, 510
    • U.S. - U.K. coordination, 516
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • border closing, 87–88
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 98–99
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 116
    • moratorium on border closing, 223
    • U.S. - Afghan discussions, 331–332
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 631–632, 637, 638
    • reevaluation of U.S. policy, proposals for, 179–181
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 434–438, 563
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 689
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 569–570
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • five - year program, 689, 690–691, 696–697
    • funding levels, 562
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 254–255, 309–310
    • Pakistani position, 375
    • Special Forces training, 494
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 622–623
• Krishna Menon. SeeMenon, V.K. Krishna.
• Krishnamachari, T. T., 283, 382, 586, 587, 595
  • air defense program for India, 599–600
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 601
  • Indian neutrality policy, 601–602
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 312–314
  • Kashmir dispute, 602–604
  • Taylor’s visit to India (1963), 720
  • visit to U.S. (1963), 594n, 599–604
• Laise, Carol C., 317n, 344n, 347n, 519n, 619n, 702n
• Lakeland, Albert A., 702n, 706n
• Laos, 17, 32, 46, 48, 49, 67, 129–130, 140–141, 219–220
• Latin America, 85
• Lightning aircraft for India. See under U.S. military assistance to India.
• Lilienthal, David, 109, 190
• Lloyd, John, 343
• Lockheed company, 247
• Lord, Winston, 565n, 653n
• Lubkeman, Walter H., 733
• Ludlow, James M., 224n, 296n, 423n, 471n, 489n
• MacDonald, Malcolm, 386
• Macmillan, Harold, 67
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 453
  • Indian - Pakistani relations, 431
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 278n
  • Kashmir negotiations, 431–432, 479
  • Lightning aircraft for India, offer re, 260–262, 264–268, 270, 280–281, 298–301, 310–312, 316n
  • Nassau conference (1962), 448–458
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 465–466, 479, 590–593, 607–608
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 452–453, 456, 457
    • U.S. - U.K. communications re, 419–420, 430–432
• Maffitt, Edward P., 32
• Maiwandwal, Mohammed Hashim, 177, 334, 348
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 75–76, 111–112, 144
• Majid, Abdul, 657
• Malikyar, Abdullah, 216, 218, 657
• Manfull, Melvin L., 127n, 194n, 211n
• Mao Tse - tung, 82
• Martin, Edwin M., 54, 55, 56, 66
• Masood, M., 92, 171, 236–238, 255, 306
• McConaughy, Walter P., 209n, 269, 272, 326, 348, 409, 661
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute:
    • Pakistani policy, 349n, 353–355, 369–373
    • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 402–403, 628–631
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 716
  • Indian - Pakistani relations, Ayub’s assessment of, 252–253
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 305
  • Kashmir dispute:
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 577–579, 596–599, 649–653
    • U.N. action on, 303
    • U.S. leverage with India, 355
  • Kashmir negotiations:
    • Ayub’s attitude toward, 304, 305, 461–462
    • Pakistani proposals, U.S.
      • assessment of, 489
      • Partition proposal, 486
    • U.S. involvement, proposed, 493
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 347n
    • Iranian mediation effort, 301–303
    • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 302–303, 548–549
    • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 330
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 628, 675n, 676n
    • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 402–403, 628–631
    • Taylor’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 716
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • Ayub informed of, 461–463
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 455, 456
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 253–254
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 278, 386, 421n, 482
• McCone, John A., 394, 418, 480, 583n
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 515
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 637
    • Johnson’s intention to improve relations, 693
    • U.S. intelligence facilities in Pakistan, 627, 637
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 562
• McGhee, George C., 8, 161n, 208n, 279, 280n, 392, 472, 489n, 490n, 518n, 519n
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 272–277
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 285–287
• McMahon, Sir Arthur, 351n
• McNamara, Robert S., 269
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 350
    • resumption of hostilities, U.S. study re, 515
    • U.S. assessment of military situation, 395, 396
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 564–565, 641, 691–693
  • Kashmir negotiations, 536nuclear weapons, U.S. policy on, 588
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 677–678
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 418
    • air defense program, 521, 563, 564, 584, 585–586, 587–588
    • JCS position, 521, 433
    • rationale for, 396
    • U.S. approval of, 429
    • U.S. - U.K. working group on, 543–544
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 361n, 722
    • five - year program, 699
    • funding levels, 561–562, 563
    • Indian requests, 342
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 536
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 266
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 333, 699, 722
• McSweeney, John M., 24n
• Menon, Lakshmi, 610–611
• Menon, V. K. Krishna, 57, 97, 163, 203, 207, 214, 215, 219, 253, 411, 728
  • departure from office, 353, 357–358, 365, 381–382
  • Goa dispute, 147, 154
  • “Hindu Dulles” issue, 320
  • Indian political situation, 248, 304, 319–320
  • Indian - Soviet relations, MIG aircraft for India, 246–247, 313, 325
  • Kashmir dispute, 256, 289
  • Pakistani attitude toward, 275
  • U.N. disarmament discussions, 139–140
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 313, 361
  • visit to U.S. (1961), 139–142
  • Vietnam, 140–142
• Menshikov, Mikhail A., 81
• Merchant, Livingston T., 114–125, 126–128, 135–138
• Metcalf, Lee E., 177n
• Mexico, 149
• Meyer, Armin H., 43n, 79, 99n, 101n, 103n, 112n, 127n, 136n, 142n
• Meyers, Howard, 653n
• MIG aircraft for India. See under Indian - Soviet relations.
• Millikan, Max, 33
• Mirage aircraft for India, proposed, 268n
• Mohammed, Ali, 104, 657
• Morse, Wayne, 729
• Mountbatten, Lord Louis, 543, 570n
• Murray, R. J., 645n
• Musa, Gen. Mohammad, 661, 716, 723n
• Naas, Charles W., 177n, 191n, 195n, 236, 243, 323n, 377n, 391n, 541n, 555n, 617n, 619n, 685n, 701n, 702n
• Nadar, Kamaraj, 424
• Naim, Prince Mohammed, 443n
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 86–87
  • Afghanistan:
    • Bowles’ visit (1962), 216n
    • Iran transit route, 137n, 175
    • U.S. economic assistance, 12, 15n, 43n, 86–87
    • Zahir’s visit to U.S. (1963), 485n
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 331
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • Afghan proposal for ending dispute, 227–229
    • armed conflict, potential for, 20, 23
    • compromise formula for ending dispute, 338–340, 348
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 91, 94
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 116, 118, 122, 125
    • moratorium on border closing, 167–168, 174–176, 178n, 199–201
    • U.S. - Afghan discussions, 331–332, 334–338
    • visit to U.S. (1962), 331–332, 334–338
• Nassau conference (1962), 448–458
• Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 17, 139
• National Intelligence Estimates:
  • NIE 31-62, 257–258
  • NIE 37-62, 222
• National Security Council, 480
  • Executive Committee meetings, 418, 438n
  • meetings:
    • 514th, 583–588
    • 516th, 627
  • Subcommittee on South Asia, 428, 429, 434–438, 468–470, 494–497
• Nawazish, Brig., 661
• Ne Win, 601
• Nehru, Braj Kumar, 128, 139, 501, 601, 608
  • Goa dispute, 149–150, 154, 156, 161n, 162, 163, 214–215
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 352–353
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 706–707
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 726–727
  • Indian - U.S. relations:
    • ferromanganese barter, 6
    • Goa dispute and, 214–215
    • public image of U.S. in India, 214
    • sugar quota in U.S. market, 5
  • Kashmir dispute:
    • integration of Kashmir into Indian Union, proposed, 683–685
    • mediation option, 211–212
  • Kashmir negotiations, 214, 439–440
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 3–5, 36
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • exchange of diplomatic notes re, 384
    • five - year program, 707–708
    • Indian - Soviet relations and, 726–727
• Nehru, Jawaharlal, 219, 378, 441
  • Ayub, assessment of, 133
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 252–253, 568
  • Berlin issue, 81–82
  • China, People’s Republic of, 82–84
    • foreign policy, Nehru’s assessment of, 633–634
    • Tibet occupation, 84
  • Galbraith’s relations with, 81
  • Goa dispute, 149, 152n, 154, 155, 157n, 160–161, 163n, 197–199
  • India:
    • foreign relations, 128–130
    • political situation, 248, 319
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 31
  • cease - fire, 415–416
  • Indian policy, 346–347
  • military activity, 341
  • negotiations, 321–322, 342, 415
  • Nehru’s assessment of, 415
  • political effects in India, 365, 381
  • press coverage, 382
  • U.S. military involvement, proposed, 397
  • U.S. policy, 360
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 707, 721
  • Indian - Pakistani relations:
    • Harriman mission to find common ground, 414–417, 422–423
    • joint defense proposal, 256
    • Nehru’s assessment of, 573–574
    • water issues, 28
  • Indian - Soviet relations, MIG aircraft for India, 246, 278n, 281–284, 313, 325, 417, 418
  • Indian - U.S. relations:
    • Bowles’ visit to India (1961), 80–86
    • Bowles’ visit to India (1962), 212–213, 219n
    • Goa dispute and, 197–199
    • Harriman’s visit to India (1961), 30–32
    • Indian appreciation of, 318–319
    • Johnson’s visit to India (1961), 40–43
    • Kennedy - Nehru correspondence, 32n, 39–40, 156–157, 194–195, 197–199, 211, 318–319, 352, 360, 397, 398, 403–404, 422–423, 429, 459–460, 490–491, 501, 519–520, 552, 632–635, 639–640, 655, 688
    • Nehru’s visit to U.S. (1961), 128–135
    • Rusk’s visit to India (1961), 32
    • Rusk’s visit to India (1963), 570–574
    • status of relationship following Goa and Kashmir debates in U.N., 291, 294
    • Taylor’s visit to India (1963), 720, 721
  • international scene, assessment of, 31–32, 42–43, 129, 134–135
  • Kashmir dispute, 18, 31
    • Indian position, 131–134
    • integration of Kashmir into Indian Union, proposed, 703
    • mediation option, 194
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 570–571, 632–635, 639, 642–645, 655
    • plebiscite issue, 547, 574
    • sacred relic theft, 731
    • U.N. action on, 164–166, 213, 291
    • U.S. leverage with India, 7–8
    • Valley joint tenancy proposal, 107–109
  • Kashmir negotiations, 214, 220, 423n
    • “elements” settlement proposal, 552, 553–554
    • failure, inevitability of, 538
    • failure, Nehru’s assessment of, 639n
    • Galbraith - Nehru discussions, 546–548
    • Indian agreement to, 165–166, 410n, 414, 416–417
    • Indian initiative in talks, U.S.
      • requests for, 490–491, 519–520
    • preliminary talks, 235
  • nuclear weapons, 86, 130, 131
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 29
  • Soviet - Chinese relations, assessment of, 31
  • United Nations, India’s role in, 85
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 459–460, 615
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 36n, 39–40, 41n
    • Goa dispute and, 198–199
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 361, 482
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 283–284
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 134, 294
• Nehru, R. K., 40, 212, 572
• Nepal, 188–189, 258, 354, 368
• Netherlands, 316
• Newlin, Michael, 224n
• Ngo Dinh Diem, 140
• Nimmo, Gen., 704
• Nitze, Paul H., 394, 404n, 416, 453, 455, 563
• Nkrumah, Kwame, 134, 232
• Nogueira, Alberto Franco, 149n, 154
• Norway, 39
• Nu, U, 82, 84
• Nuclear weapons, 67, 86, 130–131, 215
  • Chinese policy, 131, 721
  • Indian policy, 611
  • U.S. policy, 588, 638
• O’Donnell, Kenneth, 115
• Ormsby - Gore, David, 254
• Padelford, Edward A., 150n
• Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza, Shah of Iran, 17, 31, 606
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, mediation effort re, 297, 302, 317–318
• Pakistan (see also Indian - Pakistani relations; Kashmir dispute; Kashmir negotiations; Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute; Pakistani - Chinese relations; Pakistani - Soviet relations; Pakistani - U.S. relations; U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan; U.S. military assistance to Pakistan):
  • Chinese representation in U.N., 207–208
  • economic situation, 19, 30, 49–50, 63–64
  • foreign relations, 64–65
  • German military assistance, 568–569
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 349, 353–356, 358–359, 369–373, 377–380
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 285–287
  • international economic assistance, see Pakistan Consortium
  • Iran, relations with, 17
  • military situation, 49
  • neutralist sentiments, 2–3, 23
  • political situation, 61–63, 276, 413
  • U.S. intelligence report on, 60–65
  • U.S. military assistance to India, concerns re, 74, 125, 151, 186–187, 256, 257, 263, 275, 285–287, 305, 308–309, 370, 374, 375, 376–377, 379–380, 386, 391–394, 411, 421n, 442, 481–482, 555–556, 568, 671–673, 687–688
• Pakistan Consortium, 33, 53–57, 188, 190–191, 204, 206–207, 276, 560, 564, 569–570
• Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 1, 17, 275, 569
  • Afghan position, 104–106, 109–112, 217, 443–447
  • Afghan proposal for ending dispute, 227–229
  • Afghan - Soviet relations and, 92–94, 209, 447
  • armed conflict, potential for, 20–23
  • border closing, 87–88, 91–92
  • compromise formula for ending dispute, 338–340, 345, 347–348
  • Iranian mediation effort, 297, 301–303, 317–318
  • mediation, U.S. offer re, 23–24, 89–96, 98–106, 109–114, 184
    • withdrawal of offer, 486–487
  • mediation by Saudis, proposed, 144, 146
  • nmediation effort by Merchant, 114–125, 126–128, 135–138
  • military forces involved, 68
  • moratorium on border closing, 167–169, 174–178, 191–193, 195–196, 199–201, 223, 227n
  • Pakistani use of U.S. arms, 24n, 34–35, 72–73, 76
  • periodic border openings, proposed, 443n, 445
  • Powindah problem, 142n, 144n
  • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 302–303, 541–543, 545–546, 548–549, 605–606
  • Soviet policy, 22–23
  • U.S. - Afghan discussions, 75–76, 331–332, 334–338
  • U.S. courses of action following failure of mediation, 142–146
  • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 27, 209–210, 327–331
  • U.S. leverage with Afghanistan, 71–72
  • U.S. national security concerns, 113
  • Zahir’s assessment of, 657–658, 669–670
• Pakistani - Chinese relations, 19
  • air link, 618
  • border situation, 28–29, 256–257, 276, 345, 463n, 510–512
  • Chou’s visit to Pakistan, 699, 718
  • Kashmir negotiations and, 479, 510–512, 518
  • normalization option, 664–668, 679–680, 718
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 664–668, 695–696, 718–719
• Pakistani - Soviet relations, 10, 64
  • oil exploration, 2, 18
  • Soviet threat to Pakistan, 70–71
• Pakistani - U.S. relations (see also U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan; U.S. military assistance to Pakistan), 306, 480
  • A. Ahmed’s farewell visit with Kennedy, 617–619
  • alliance issue, 8–10, 11, 182–183, 323–324
  • anti - Americanism in Pakistan, 414
  • anti - colonialism issue, 11, 16–17, 25
  • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1961), 66–74
  • Ayub’s visit to U.S. (1962), 326–331
  • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 628
    • Ayub’s meeting with Ball, 661–668
    • Ball’s assessment of, 671–673
    • planning re, 631–632, 635–639
    • post - visit assessment by U.S. officials, 675–678
  • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct. 1963), 679–680
  • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Dec. 1963), 694–696
  • Bowles’ assessment of, 727–730
  • Bowles’ visit to Pakistan (1962), 221
  • Harriman’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 26–30
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 389, 390–391, 402–403, 628–631
  • Johnson’s intention to improve relations, 693
  • Johnson’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 45–50
  • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 8–9, 10, 11, 16, 24–26, 46n, 120–121, 125–126, 170–171, 201–203, 206n, 208, 234–236, 251–252, 358–359, 377–380, 420–421, 441–442, 458–459, 466–467, 492–493, 518–519
  • McGhee’s report on, 272–277
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 664–668, 695–696, 718–719
  • Pakistani objectives, 273
  • reevaluation of U.S. policy, proposals for, 179–181, 277
  • Rusk’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 567–569, 575–577
  • Taylor’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 709–717, 718–719
  • U.S. courses of action, 243–245
  • U.S. intelligence facilities in Pakistan, 627, 631, 637
  • U.S. intelligence report on, 65
  • U.S. objectives, 273
  • U.S. security guarantee, 29–30, 208, 630, 673, 714
• Patil, S. K., 246, 424
• Peabody, Endicott, 384
• Peace Corps, 50
• Phoumi, Gen. Nosavan, 141
• Pickard, Cyril S., 448, 455, 571, 577
• Plimpton, Francis T.E., 230
• Polk, William R., 142n
• Portugal, Goa dispute and, 146–150, 152–158, 160–163
• Powindah tribe, 142n, 144n
• Pushtunistan dispute. See Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute.
• Qadir, Mansur, 45, 66, 71, 72, 73, 74, 117, 120n, 138n, 230
• Quinn, Lt. Gen., 661, 675, 676–677, 678
• Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli, 278n, 571, 608–611
• Rafiq (Afghanistan), 443, 444
• Rahman Khan, Vice Adm., 723n
• Read, Benjamin H., 591n, 701–702, 731–733
• Reddy, Sanjiva, 203, 424
• Rewinkel, Milton G., 259n, 260n, 264n, 298
• Rishtiya, M. Q., 605n
• Rishtiya, Sayyid Kasem, 657
• Roberts, Chalmers, 517
• Robinson, Col., 653n
• Rostow, Walt W., 66, 79, 98n, 128, 134, 164n
  • Kashmir negotiations, 535, 538–541
• Rountree, William M., 45, 66, 70, 164n, 203, 209n
  • Kashmir dispute, 6–8, 52–53, 158–159
  • Pakistan, neutralist sentiments in, 2–3
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 138n, 142n
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 89n, 91, 103, 113–114
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 117, 119, 125, 128
    • Pakistani use of U.S. arms, 24n, 34–35
    • U.S. courses of action following failure of mediation, 146n
    • U.S. initiatives with Pakistanis, 209–210
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • alliance issue, 8–10
    • Harriman’s visit to Pakistan (1961), 26–30
    • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 8–9, 10, 11
  • U.S. military assistance to India, 150, 151n
• Rousek, Col. Charles, 57n
• Rowan, Carl T., 40
• Rusk, Dean, 66, 72, 181n, 252, 333n, 441n
  • Afghanistan:
    • Iran transit route, 169, 193, 196, 472, 483–485
    • U.S. aid to limit Soviet influence, 238n
    • U.S. economic assistance, 51, 76–78, 143–144
    • Zahir’s visit to U.S. (1963), 484–485, 669n
  • Goa dispute, 149–150, 153–154, 161, 162, 163
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 347
    • maximum political and military effort required of India, 400–401
    • negotiations, 396
    • Pakistani policy, 349, 353–356, 358–359, 380
    • Pakistani - U.S. relations and, 390–391
    • resumption of hostilities, U.S. study re, 515
    • timing of Chinese attack, 573
    • U.S. assessment of military situation, 394–395, 398–399
    • U.S. military involvement, proposed, 401–402
    • U.S. policy, 352–353, 360
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 638
    • carrier task force, 564, 681, 692, 693
  • Indian - Pakistani relations:
    • broadened contacts at all levels, proposed, 306–307
    • Harriman mission to find common ground, 405–408, 426–427
    • India’s aggressive intentions, Pakistani aide - memoire on, 685
    • joint defense proposal, 256
  • Indian - Soviet relations:
    • MIG aircraft for India, 259–260, 314–316
    • U.S. military assistance to India and, 726–727
  • Indian - U.S. relations, 30
    • Kennedy - Nehru correspondence, 404, 423
    • Krishnamachari’s visit to U.S. (1963), 599–600
    • Nehru’s visit to U.S. (1961), 128, 130, 131
    • neutrality policy of India and, 78–79
    • Radhakrishnan’s visit to U.S. (1963), 608–611
    • Rusk’s visit to India (1961), 32
    • Rusk’s visit to India (1963), 570–577
  • Kashmir dispute, 345
    • armed attack, Pakistani concerns re, 171–173
    • Goa dispute, relation to, 171–173
    • integration of Kashmir into Indian Union, proposed, 683–685
    • mediation option, 194–195
    • mediation option (1963 initiative), 570–572, 626n, 640, 655–656
    • “no war” declaration issue, 307–308
    • plebiscite issue, 296–297
    • Rusk’s assessment of, 575–576
    • U.N. action on, 70, 166–167, 230–233
  • Kashmir negotiations:
    • Indian initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 491, 520
    • internationalization proposal, 498–499
    • Ladakh issue, 502, 512–513, 514
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 510–512
    • Pakistani initiative in talks, U.S. requests for, 519
    • Pakistani proposals, U.S. assessment of, 489–490
    • Rusk’s assessment of, 557
    • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India and, 551
    • U.S. military assistance to India and, 564
    • U.S. strategy, 471–472, 498–501, 505–508, 509, 510, 529–530, 535, 536–537, 552
    • U.S. - U.K. coordination, 423–425, 529–530
  • nuclear weapons, 130, 131, 638
  • Pakistan, neutralist sentiment in, 2
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 569
    • compromise formula for ending dispute, 338–340, 345, 347–348
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 89–90, 99–104, 112–114, 486–487
    • mediation by Saudis, proposed, 144
    • mediation effort by Merchant, 126, 127–128, 135–138
    • moratorium on border closing, 169, 177–178, 191–193, 195–196, 199
    • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 545–546, 606
    • U.S. courses of action following failure of mediation, 142–146
    • U.S. national security concerns, 113
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 510–512
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 306
    • alliance issue, 323–324
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 636, 637, 638, 676, 677, 678
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Oct. 1963), 679–680
    • Bhutto’s visit to U.S. (Dec. 1963), 694–696
    • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 390–391
    • Kennedy - Ayub correspondence, 24–26, 421
    • Rusk’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 567–569, 575–577
    • U.S. intelligence facilities in Pakistan, 627
  • Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, 344–345
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 466, 479, 550, 558, 563, 564, 579–583, 584–585, 586–587, 588, 589, 591, 593–595, 596, 599–600, 608, 612
    • Ayub informed of, 459
    • defense planning, 551
    • defense production, 550–551, 558–559
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 551
    • Nehru informed of, 460
    • U.S. approval of, 428, 429
    • U.S. - U.K. communications re, 420
  • U.S. economic assistance to India, 36, 37, 559–560
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 36, 37, 560
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • defense production, 612
    • dual - purpose equipment, 150–151
    • five - year program, 697–701
    • funding levels, 561, 563
    • FY 1964, 611–613
    • guiding principles, 576–577
    • Indian - Soviet relations and, 726–727
    • Kashmir negotiations and, 564
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 259–262, 265, 271, 299, 301, 308–309
    • long - range assistance, 559
    • Pakistani position, 151, 256, 257, 376–377, 391–394, 481, 555–556
    • transport assistance, 399
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 80n
    • five - year program, 698–701
    • three - year program, 619–621
• Sabri, Ali, 601
• Salazar, Antonio, 161
• Sandys, Duncan, 278n, 283, 417, 536
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 453
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 456
  • Harriman mission to India and Pakistan, 409–412
  • Kashmir dispute, 570, 571, 572, 578
  • Kashmir negotiations, 409–412
  • Lightning aircraft for India, offer re, 265, 298
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 558
    • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 449–451, 452, 453, 455–456
    • U.S. - U.K. working group on, 543–544
• Saudi Arabia, 144, 146n
• Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 164n
• Schneider, David T., 423n, 426n, 428n, 459n, 463n, 471n, 490n, 498n, 508, 519n, 599n, 611n, 639n, 645n, 655n, 683n, 726n, 731n
• Schwab, Capt. E. L., 691n
• Sen, A. K., 424
• Sen, P. C., 424
• Shafqat (Pakistan), 577
• Shah of Iran. See Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza .
• Shahi, Gen. (Pakistan), 577, 628
• Shastri, Lal Bahadur, 424
• Sheldon, Huntington, 394
• Shepard, Capt. Tazewell T., Jr., 546n
• Sherzad (Afghanistan), 216n
• Shoaib, Mohammed, 8, 11, 49, 50, 66
  • India Consortium, 54–55
  • Indian - Pakistani relations, 19–20
  • Kashmir dispute, 18–19
  • Pakistan:
    • economic situation, 19
    • Iran, relations with, 17
  • Pakistan Consortium, 53–57
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 19
  • Pakistani - Soviet relations, 18
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations, 16–20
  • U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 56–57
• Sikkim, 354, 368
• Singh, Swaran, 462n, 463n, 477n, 577n, 596n
• Sino - Indian border dispute. See Indian - Chinese border dispute.
• Sisco, Joseph J., 157n, 166n
• Slater, Warren E., 300n
• Smith, Bromley, 101n, 103n, 195n, 208n, 209n, 211n, 260n, 261n, 264n, 298, 347n, 419n, 422n, 430n, 483n, 546n, 588, 627
• Smith, Horace, 45
• Smith, Stephen, 40, 45
• Sneider, Richard, 369, 461, 596, 628, 661
• Snelling, Sir Arthur, 543n, 544, 545
• Souphanouvong, Prince, 141
• South Asia, U.S. overall policy re, 181–189
• Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 1, 49, 67, 71, 344–345, 456, 715
• Souvanna Phouma, 140–141
• Soviet Union (see also Afghan - Soviet relations; Indian - Soviet relations; Pakistani - Soviet relations), 1, 32
  • Chinese - Soviet relations, 31
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 322, 351, 365 Kashmir dispute, 173, 290, 291
  • nuclear weapons, 130–131
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 22–23
  • U.S. - Soviet relations, 66–67
• Special National Intelligence Estimates:
  • SNIE 31/32–62, 263
  • SNIE 32–61, 60–65
• Spengler, William F., 125
• Spielman, Henry W., 92, 99n, 166n Staley, Carroll, 469
• Starrs, Francis R., Jr., 153n
• Steeves, John M., 201n, 239, 472, 483n, 657
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • Afghan position, 443–447
    • Afghan proposal for ending dispute, 227–229
    • moratorium on border closing, 227n
    • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 606
• Stevenson, Adlai E., 247, 418
  • Goa dispute, 149, 162, 173
  • Kashmir dispute, 230, 231, 289
• Stoessel, Walter J., 24n
• Suhrawardi, 447
• Sullivan, William, 394
• Swank, Emory, 191n
• Sweden, 39
• Symington, Stuart, 396
• Syria, 17, 139
• Talbot, Phillips, 36n, 37n, 51n, 66, 70, 76, 87, 89n, 99n, 107, 111, 128, 136, 139, 146, 150n, 157n, 163n, 166n, 169n, 171, 177n, 191, 193n, 194n, 195n, 205, 206, 208n, 209n, 211n, 232, 233, 243, 255, 261n, 262n, 296n, 300n, 306, 314n, 323n, 326, 333n, 344n, 347n, 349n, 353, 355n, 358n, 360n, 374, 376n, 377n, 390n, 391n, 396, 398n, 400n, 403n, 405n, 420n, 422n, 423n, 426n, 439, 448, 455, 458n, 459n, 463n, 471n, 472, 483n, 498, 512, 514, 518n, 519n, 541n, 545n, 572, 599n, 601, 605n, 609, 611n, 617n, 619n, 657, 701n, 706n, 726n
  • Goa dispute, 149–150, 153–155
  • Indian - Soviet relations, 727
  • Kashmir dispute:
    • U.N. action on, 164, 287–290
    • U.S. leverage with India, 236–238
  • Kashmir negotiations, U.S. strategy re, 224–225, 508–509, 510, 535, 536, 537
  • NSC Subcommittee on South Asia, 428, 468–470, 494–497
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute, 90–92
  • Pakistani - U.S. relations:
    • Ball’s visit to Pakistan (1963), 636, 637, 638, 639
    • Pakistani - Chinese relations and, 695–696
    • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 595
    • U.S. intelligence facilities in Pakistan, 627
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • exchange of diplomatic notes re, 384
    • Indian - Soviet relations and, 727
• Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D.:
  • India, visit to (1963), 719–722
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 641, 691, 707, 712, 715, 721
  • Pakistan, visit to (1963), 709–717, 718–719
  • Pakistani - Chinese relations, 718–719
  • U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India:
    • air defense program, 521–523, 584, 587
    • U.S. - U.K. working group on, 544
  • U.S. military assistance to India:
    • advisory personnel, 362n
    • five - year program, 723–725
    • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 309
    • Taylor - Ayub discussion re, 709–714
  • U.S. military assistance to Pakistan:
    • five - year program, 725–726
    • operational planning and prepositioning, 712–713
• Thailand, 49, 71
• Thant, U, 161
• Tibet, 84
• Timmons, Benson E.L., 157, 211, 570, 622
• Tin Pe, 601
• Tito, Marshal, 84, 134–135
• Toure, Sekou, 72
• Turkey, 104, 162, 366
• Tyler, William R., 157n
• United Arab Republic, 289
• United Kingdom (see also U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to Pakistan; Lightning aircraft from U.K. under U.S. military assistance to India), 32, 52
  • economic assistance to India, 38
  • economic assistance to Pakistan, 54
  • Goa dispute, 152, 154, 162
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute, 366
  • Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in, 565, 623–624, 653–654
  • Kashmir dispute, U.N. action on, 289, 290, 291
  • Kashmir negotiations, U.S. - U.K. coordination re, 423–425, 431–432, 495, 516, 529–534
  • Laos policy, 67
• United Nations (see also under Kashmir dispute):
  • Chinese representation issue, 207–208
  • disarmament discussions, 139–140
  • Goa dispute, 153, 154–155, 161, 162, 173, 198
  • India’s role, 85
• U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India, 418
  • air defense program, 428, 436–437, 449, 450, 451, 456, 465–466, 469, 479, 496, 517, 544, 550, 558, 563, 564, 599–600, 612
    • defense commitment issue, 579–596, 607–608
    • Indian acceptance of, 622
    • JCS reports on, 433–434, 521–523
    • presentation of proposal to Nehru, 615–617
  • Ayub informed of, 458–459, 461–463
  • Ayub’s attitude toward, 466–467
  • Commonwealth contributions, 469, 496–497
  • defense planning, 551
  • defense production, 550–551, 558–559
  • Kashmir negotiations and, 517, 551
  • Nehru informed of, 459–460
  • NSC Subcommittee proposal, 434–438
  • rationale for, 385, 395–396
  • U.K. contributions, 496
  • U.S. approval of, 428, 429–430
  • U.S. - U.K. agreement on, 448–458
  • U.S. - U.K. communications re, 419–420, 430–432
  • U.S. - U.K. working group on, 543–545
• U.S. economic assistance to India, 41n, 190
  • Ayub’s assessment of, 253–254
  • Bokaro steel mill, 560, 689
  • commitment of funds, 33, 36, 37, 52, 317
  • Congressional approval, 470
  • FY 1964 amounts, 559–560
  • Goa dispute and, 187–188, 198–199
  • Indian gratitude, 39–40
  • Indian proposals, 3–5
• U.S. economic assistance to Pakistan, 276
  • commitment of funds, 33, 36, 37, 55, 56, 188, 190–191
  • FY 1964 amounts, 560, 569–570
  • grant aid, 56–57
  • water logging program, 50
• U.S. military assistance to India (see also U.S. - Commonwealth military assistance to India), 190, 495–496
  • advisory personnel, 361–362
  • Congressional involvement, 470, 491n
  • Defense Department position, 57–58, 96–98
  • defense production, 469, 496, 612
  • deliveries of equipment, 366, 374, 469–470
  • dual - purpose equipment, 150–151
  • exchange of diplomatic notes re, 384
  • five - year program, 689, 690–691, 696–701, 707–708, 723–725
  • funding levels, 561–563
  • FY 1964 amounts, 611–613, 636
  • Galbraith’s support for, 249–250
  • guiding principles, 576–577
  • Indian - Chinese border dispute and, 340, 342–343, 350–351, 361–362, 399, 526
  • Indian requests, 342–343, 361
  • Indian - Soviet relations and, 726–727
  • Kashmir dispute and, 612, 613n
  • Kashmir negotiations and, 523–524, 536, 563–564
  • Lightning aircraft from U.K., offer re, 254–255, 278–280, 283–284, 309–310
    • Indian rejection of, 313, 316n
    • Pakistani concerns, 263, 285–287, 305, 308–309
    • U.S. - U.K. communications re, 259–262, 264–271, 280–281, 298–301, 310–312, 316n
  • long - range assistance, 559
  • major military items, 188
  • Menon’s departure from office and, 357–358
  • Pakistani position, 74, 125, 151, 186–187, 256, 257, 275, 370, 374, 375, 376–377, 379–380, 386, 391–394, 411, 421n, 442, 481–482, 555–556, 568, 671–673, 687–688
  • Special Forces training, 494
  • Taylor - Ayub discussion re, 709–714
  • transport assistance, 399
  • U.S. contingency planning, 350–351
  • U.S. intelligence report on, 263
• U.S. military assistance to Pakistan, 276
  • delivery problems, 333–334
  • five - year program, 698–701, 725–726
  • FY 1964 amounts, 636
  • Indian concerns, 79–80, 134, 294
  • joint planning against communist threat, 663
  • operational planning and prepositioning, 712–713
  • tanks and submarines, 333–334
  • three - year program, 619–621, 622–623, 645–648
• U.S. military presence in Indian Ocean. See Indian Ocean, U.S. military presence in.
• Veliotes, Nicholas A., 120n
• Venezuela, 289–290
• Vietnam, 67, 71, 129, 130, 140–142, 215, 219–220
• Weil, T. Eliot, 2n, 6, 43n, 89n, 90n, 101n, 103n, 112n, 127n, 150n, 166n, 171, 191n, 193n
  • Goa dispute, 146–148
• Weiner, Benjamin, 318n, 419n
• World Bank. See International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
• Wriggins, W. Howard, 243
• Wright, Edwin, 657, 669
• Yugoslavia, 72, 134–135
• Yusuf, Mohammed, 216, 218, 521, 541
• Zafrulla Khan, Sir Mohammed, 170, 189, 224, 230–233, 288
• Zahir Shah, Mohammed, King of Afghanistan, 17
  • Afghanistan:
    • Bowles’ visit (1962), 216
    • neconomic situation, 659
    • political situation, 659–660
  • Afghan - Soviet relations, 658–659, 670–671
  • Kennedy - Zahir correspondence, 101–103, 109–111
  • Pakistani - Afghan border/transit dispute:
    • Afghan position, 104–106, 109–111
    • mediation, U.S. offer re, 99–103, 104–106, 109–111, 114n
    • reestablishment of relations, proposals for, 605, 606
    • Zahir’s assessment of, 657–658, 669–670
  • visit to U.S. (1963), 485–486, 657–660, 669–671