Preface
Fredrick Aandahl supervised the planning and compilation of this volume. William Z. Slany succeeded him as editor in 1975 and directed the process of review, declassification, and final editing. Ralph E. Goodwin and Neal H. Petersen provided assistance in planning and direction.
Mr. Petersen compiled and edited the sections on regulation of armaments, national security policy, atomic energy, foreign assistance programs, and efforts to strengthen the United Nations against future aggression. Mr. Petersen also collaborated with Harriet D. Schwar in preparing the section on discussions with the United Kingdom and Canada regarding the danger of general war with the Soviet Union. Mrs. Schwar compiled and edited the documents on the international information program and on the Polar Regions. Carl N. Raether prepared the section on petroleum policy, and John A. Bernbaum that on East-West trade controls. Mr. Goodwin compiled and edited the sections on the following subjects: the forms of U.S. foreign economic policy; treaties of friendship, commerce, and navigation; matters relating to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; foreign economic policy; the Point Four Program; land reform in foreign areas; and questions pertaining to the delimitation of the territorial sea. The technical editing of the volume was done by the Publishing and Reproduction Division (Paul M. Washington, Chief) under the immediate supervision of Anne K. Pond. Francis C. Prescott prepared the index.
The editors acknowledge with appreciation the assistance provided them by the historians of the Department of Defense, including those of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and by the historians of the Department of Energy. They are also grateful for the cooperation of the National Security Council, the Department of Defense, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Department of Energy, all of which facilitated declassification of papers for release in this volume.
The Historian Bureau of Public Affairs
Principles for the Compilation and Editing of “Foreign Relations”
The principles which guide the compilation and editing of Foreign Relations are stated in Department of State Regulation 2 FAM 1350 of June 15, 1961, a revision of the order approved on March 26, 1925, by Mr. Frank B. Kellogg, then Secretary of State. The text of the regulation, as further amended is printed below:
1350 Documentary Record of American Diplomacy
1351 Scope of Documentation
The publication Foreign Relations of the United States constitutes the official record of the foreign policy of the United States. These volumes include, subject to necessary security considerations, all documents needed to give a comprehensive record of the major foreign policy decisions within the range of the Department of State’s responsibilities, together with appropriate materials concerning the facts which contributed to the formulation of policies. When further material is needed to supplement the documenation in the Department’s files for a proper understanding of the relevant policies of the United States, such papers should be obtained from other Government agencies.
1352 Editorial Preparation
The basic documentary diplomatic record to be printed in Foreign Relations of the United States is edited by the Historical Office, Bureau of Public Affairs of the Department of State. The editing of the record is guided by the principles of historical objectivity. There may be no alteration of the text, no deletions without indicating where in the text the deletion is made, and no omission of facts which were of major importance in reaching a decision. Nothing may be omitted for the purpose of concealing or glossing over what might be regarded by some as a defect of policy. However, certain omissions of documents are permissible for the following reasons:
- a.
- To avoid publication of matters which would tend to impede current diplomatic negotiations or other business.
- b.
- To condense the record and avoid repetition of needless details.
- c.
- To preserve the confidence reposed in the Department by individuals and by foreign governments.
- d.
- To avoid giving needless offense to other nationalities or individuals.
- e.
- To eliminate personal opinions presented in despatches and not acted upon by the Department. To this consideration there is one qualification—in connection with major decisions it is desirable, where possible, to show the alternatives presented to the Department before the decision was made.
1353 Clearance
To obtain appropriate clearances of material to be published in Foreign Relations of the United States, the Historical Office: [Page V]
- a. Refers to the appropriate policy offices of the Department and of other agencies of the Government such papers as appear to require policy clearance.
- b. Refers to the appropriate foreign government requests for permission to print as part of the diplomatic correspondence of the United States those previously unpublished documents which were originated by the foreign governments.